Source and licence
share: publicnoneSource: OCR (tools/batch_ocr.py, model coptic+eng) of Volume I-1/7.4. The Fifth Dynasty - Reign of Menkuhor.pdf; page files: L0/ocr/Volume_I-1/7.4._The_Fifth_Dynasty_-_Reign_of_Menkuhor/pages
Attribution: Breasted – Ancient Records of Egypt (1906), vol. I: The Fifth Dynasty – Reign of Menkuhor; public domain in Canada (death year verified: Breasted d.1935 (en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Henry_Breasted)); OCR text by the Kemetic project, Yousef Hanna 2026.
Licence: public domain in Canada (author died ≤ 1971, verified; LICENCES.md §7) — US position (recorded, does not gate the class; PD-CA 2026-09-26): PD-US (published ≤1930)
Jurisdiction note: this text is public domain under Canadian law (the project is published from Canada; LICENCES.md §7: author died in or before 1971). It may still be in copyright elsewhere — in countries with a life + 70 term, or where a later edition claims its own rights. The licence line above says what was verified. If you are outside Canada, check your own law before re-using it.
The text
18 lines · a line number is a link to itself| ref | L0 witness (OCR) |
|---|---|
| page 1 | |
| 1 | REIGN OF MENKUHOR |
| 2 | SINAI INSCRIPTION® |
| 3 | 263. The relief, if there was any, has cracked off. The |
| 4 | text is as follows: |
| 5 | Horus: Menkhu (Mn-j<w); King of Upper and Lower Egypt: |
| 6 | Menkuhor (Mn k°>w-Hr), who is given life, stability [like Re, forever]. |
| 7 | Commission of [the king],> which -ⲥ executed. |
| 8 | The inscription is the earliest in Sinai in which the leader |
| 9 | of the expedition has ventured to insert a commemoration of |
| 10 | himself beside that of the king. Such a record of the leader |
| 11 | and his followers now becomes customary. |
| 12 | aCut in the rocks of Wadi Maghara on the Peninsula of Sinai; text: Lepsius, |
| 13 | Denkmdler, I1, 39, e; Brugsch, Thesaurus, VI, 1493 (inscriptions only); Sethe, |
| 14 | Urkunden, 1, 54; Weill, Sinas, 109. |
| 15 | bC{. Lepsius, Denkmdler, 11, 39, d, where the same phrase occurs uninjured |
| 16 | (§ 264). |
| 17 | cThe lacuna contained the name of the official who executed the commission. |
| 18 | 119 |
Provenance
- title
- Breasted – Ancient Records of Egypt (1906), vol. I: The Fifth Dynasty – Reign of Menkuhor
- dialect
- none
- source
- OCR (tools/batch_ocr.py, model coptic+eng) of Volume I-1/7.4. The Fifth Dynasty - Reign of Menkuhor.pdf; page files: L0/ocr/Volume_I-1/7.4._The_Fifth_Dynasty_-_Reign_of_Menkuhor/pages
- licence
- public domain in Canada (author died ≤ 1971, verified; LICENCES.md §7) — US position (recorded, does not gate the class; PD-CA 2026-09-26): PD-US (published ≤1930)
- share
- public
- attribution
- Breasted – Ancient Records of Egypt (1906), vol. I: The Fifth Dynasty – Reign of Menkuhor; public domain in Canada (death year verified: Breasted d.1935 (en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Henry_Breasted)); OCR text by the Kemetic project, Yousef Hanna 2026.
- file
- Ancient Egyptian/Breasted – Ancient Records of Egypt (1906), vol. I- The Fifth Dynasty – Reign of Menkuhor/7.4._The_Fifth_Dynasty_-_Reign_of_Menkuhor.ocr.L0.txt
L0 witness (OCR)
Cite as:
Breasted – Ancient Records of Egypt (1906), vol. I: The Fifth Dynasty – Reign of Menkuhor. OCR (tools/batch_ocr.py, model coptic+eng) of Volume I-1/7.4. The Fifth Dynasty - Reign of Menkuhor.pdf; page files: L0/ocr/Volume_I-1/7.4._The_Fifth_Dynasty_-_Reign_of_Menkuhor/pages. Layers as published by the Kemetic project (Yousef Hanna), 2026: Coptic · Cairene · Kemetic, /doc/ancient-egyptian/breasted-ancient-records-of-egypt-1906-vol.i-the-fifth-dynasty-reign-of-menkuhor/7.4.the-fifth-dynasty-reign-of-menkuhor.ocr/. Breasted – Ancient Records of Egypt (1906), vol. I: The Fifth Dynasty – Reign of Menkuhor; public domain in Canada (death year verified: Breasted d.1935 (en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Henry_Breasted)); OCR text by the Kemetic project, Yousef Hanna 2026.
What the layers are
The text as its witness or edition has it, original spelling; its dialect is a description and is never standardized.
For Egyptian texts: the transliteration with the editors' marks turned into the symbols ° * < > _ ^ (ruled 2026-09-10). For papyri: the edition's Leiden marks as the same symbols, and the editors' readings beside the scribe's as ‹scribe→editors› (ruled PAP-3).
Standardized Greco-Bohairic spelling and grammar, generated by code from the layer above under the rulings of the project.
The Kemetic alphabet, generated by code from L1.
Quoted translations where they exist, credited; otherwise model drafts, marked as drafts.