20_James_01 — Coptic · Cairene

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Source: Coptic SCRIPTORIUM corpus "bohairic.nt", document 20_James_01

Attribution: 20_James_01 from Coptic SCRIPTORIUM (https://copticscriptorium.org), corpus bohairic.nt, document 20_James_01, version 6.0.0 (2024-10-31), annotations by Nina Speranskaja, Nicholas Wagner, Amir Zeldes; source edition Marcion, Hany Takla. Licensed CC BY-SA 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/); this derivative is released under the same licence. Marcion project, Hany Takla. Layers L1/L2 are modified: re-spelled (Cairene) / transliterated (Kemetic) by the Kemetic project, Yousef Hanna 2026.

Licence: CC-BY-SA 4.0 (meta.json "CC-BY-SA"; TEI header says CC-BY 4.0 — conflict, stricter kept; LICENCES.md Q-15)

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0

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27 lines · a line number is a link to itself

English: quoted translations are shown as they are, with their credit in the provenance; lines marked draft are language-model drafts made for this project (to be corrected), and alignment unchecked marks a quoted verse whose placement was not cross-checked. Check the Coptic before relying on any English line.

ref	L0 witness	L1 Cairene	L2 Kemetic	English
1:1	ⲓⲁⲕⲱⲃⲟⲥ ⲫⲃⲱⲕ ⲙⲫⲛⲟⲩϯ ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲛϭⲟⲓⲥ ⲓⲏⲥⲟⲩⲥ ⲡⲭⲣⲓⲥⲧⲟⲥ ⲛϯⲓⲃ ⲙⲫⲩⲗⲏ ⲉⲧⲭⲏ ϧⲉⲛⲡⲓϫⲱⲣ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲭⲉⲣⲉ	ⲓⲁⲕⲱⲃⲟⲥ ⲫ̀ⲃⲱⲕ ⲛ̀ⲫ̀ⲛⲟⲩϯ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲡⲉⲛϭⲟⲓⲥ ⲓⲏⲥⲟⲩⲥ ⲡⲓⲭ̀ⲣⲓⲥⲧⲟⲥ ⲛ̀ϯⲓⲃ ⲛ̀ⲫⲩⲗⲏ ⲉⲧⲭⲏ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲓϫⲱⲣ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ ⲭⲉⲣⲉ	iakōbos f̀vōk ǹf̀nouti nem penċois iysous pix̀ristos ǹtiib ǹfily etky xen pigōr èvol ṡere	James, a servant of God and of the Lord Jesus Christ, to the twelve tribes which are in the Dispersion: Greetings.
1:2	ϣⲱⲡⲓ ϧⲉⲛⲣⲁϣⲓ ⲛⲓⲃⲉⲛ ⲛⲁⲥⲛⲏⲟⲩ ⲉϣⲱⲡ ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲁⲛⲣⲁⲟⲩⲟ ⲉϩⲁⲛⲡⲓⲣⲁⲥⲙⲟⲥ ⲛⲟⲩⲑⲟ ⲛⲣⲏϯ	ϣⲱⲡⲓ ϧⲉⲛ ⲣⲁϣⲓ ⲛⲓⲃⲉⲛ ⲛⲁⲥ̀ⲛⲏⲟⲩ ⲉϣⲱⲡ ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲁⲛⲣⲁⲟⲩⲟ ⲉ̀ϩⲁⲛⲡⲓⲣⲁⲥⲙⲟⲥ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ ⲟⲩⲑⲟ ⲛ̀ⲣⲏϯ	ṡōpi xen raṡi niven nas̀nyou eṡōp aretenṡanraouo èhanpirasmos ǹte ouθo ǹryti	Count it all joy, my brothers, when you fall into various temptations,
1:3	ⲉⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉⲙⲓ ϫⲉϯⲇⲟⲕⲓⲙⲏ ⲛⲧⲉⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁϩϯ ⲁⲥⲉⲣϩⲱⲃ ⲉⲟⲩϩⲩⲡⲟⲙⲟⲛⲏ .	ⲉ̀ⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉⲙⲓ ϫⲉ ϯⲇⲟⲕⲓⲙⲏ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ ⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁϩϯ ⲁⲥⲉⲣϩⲱⲃ ⲉ̀ⲟⲩϩⲩⲡⲟⲙⲟⲛⲏ.	èretenemi je tiḋokimy ǹte petennahti aserhōb èouhipomony.	knowing that the testing of your faith produces endurance.
1:4	ϯϩⲩⲡⲟⲙⲟⲛⲏ ⲇⲉ ⲙⲁⲣⲉ ⲟⲩϩⲱⲃ ⲉϥϫⲏⲕ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲛϧⲏⲧⲥ ϩⲓⲛⲁ ⲛⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲉⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϫⲏⲕ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲟϫ ⲛⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϫⲟⲣϩ ⲛϩⲗⲓ ⲁⲛ	Ϯϩⲩⲡⲟⲙⲟⲛⲏ ⲇⲉ ⲙⲁⲣⲉ ⲟⲩϩⲱⲃ ⲉϥϫⲏⲕ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ ϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲛ̀ϧⲏⲧⲥ ϩⲓⲛⲁ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲉ̀ⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϫⲏⲕ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉ̀ⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲟϫ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϫⲟⲣϩ ⲛ̀ϩ̀ⲗⲓ ⲁⲛ	Tihipomony ḋe mare ouhōb efjyk èvol ṡōpi ǹxyts hina ǹtetenṡōpi èretenjyk èvol ouoh èretenouog ǹtetengorh ǹh̀li an	Let endurance have its perfect work, that you may be perfect and complete, lacking in nothing.
1:5	ⲓⲥϫⲉ ⲇⲉ ⲟⲩⲟⲛ ⲟⲩⲁⲓ ϧⲉⲛⲑⲏⲛⲟⲩ ⲉϥϫⲟⲣϩ ⲛⲥⲃⲱ ⲙⲁⲣⲉϥⲉⲣⲉⲧⲓⲛ ⲛⲧⲉⲛⲫⲛⲟⲩϯ ⲫⲏ ⲉⲧϯ ⲛⲟⲩⲟⲛ ⲛⲓⲃⲉⲛ ⲁⲡⲗⲱⲥ ⲛϥϣⲱϣϥ ⲁⲛ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲩⲉϯ ⲛⲁϥ	ⲓⲥϫⲉ ⲇⲉ ⲟⲩⲟⲛ ⲟⲩⲁⲓ ϧⲉⲛ ⲑⲏⲛⲟⲩ ⲉϥϫⲟⲣϩ ⲛ̀ⲥ̀ⲃⲱ ⲙⲁⲣⲉϥⲉⲣⲉⲧⲓⲛ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲛ ⲫ̀ⲛⲟⲩϯ ⲫⲏ ⲉⲧϯ ⲛ̀ⲟⲩⲟⲛ ⲛⲓⲃⲉⲛ ⲁ ⲡ̀ⲗⲱⲥ ⲛ̀ϥϣⲱϣϥ ⲁⲛ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲩⲉ̀ϯ ⲛⲁϥ	isje ḋe ouon ouai xen θynou efgorh ǹs̀vō mareferetin ǹten f̀nouti fy etti ǹouon niven a p̀lōs ǹfṡōṡf an ouoh evèti naf	But if any of you lacks wisdom, let him ask of God, who gives to all liberally and without reproach; and it will be given to him.
1:6	ⲙⲁⲣⲉϥⲉⲣⲉⲧⲓⲛ ⲇⲉ ϧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲛⲁϩϯ ⲛϥⲟⲓ ⲛϩⲏⲧ ⲃⲁⲛ ⲫⲏ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲉⲧⲟⲓ ⲛϩⲏⲧ ⲃⲁϥⲟⲓ ⲙⲫⲣⲏϯ ⲛⲛⲓϫⲟⲗ ⲛⲧⲉⲫⲓⲟⲙ ⲉⲣⲉⲡⲑⲏⲟⲩ ϭⲓ ⲙⲙⲱⲟⲩ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉϥⲓⲛⲓ ⲙⲙⲱⲟⲩ	ⲙⲁⲣⲉϥⲉⲣⲉⲧⲓⲛ ⲇⲉ ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲛⲁϩϯ ⲛ̀ϥⲟⲓ ⲛ̀ϩⲏⲧ ⲃ ⲁⲛ ⲫⲏ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲉⲧⲟⲓ ⲛ̀ϩⲏⲧ ⲃⲁϥⲟⲓ ⲛ̀ⲫ̀ⲣⲏϯ ⲛ̀ⲛⲓϫⲟⲗ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ ⲫ̀ⲓⲟⲙ ⲉ̀ⲣⲉ ⲡ̀ⲑⲏⲟⲩ ϭⲓ ⲙ̀ⲙⲱⲟⲩ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉϥⲓ̀ⲛⲓ ⲙ̀ⲙⲱⲟⲩ	mareferetin ḋe xen ounahti ǹfoi ǹhyt v an fy ġar etoi ǹhyt vafoi ǹf̀ryti ǹnigol ǹte f̀iom ère p̀θyou ċi m̀mōou ouoh efìni m̀mōou	But let him ask in faith, without any doubting, for he who doubts is like a wave of the sea, driven by the wind and tossed.
1:7	ⲙⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲉϥⲙⲉⲩⲓ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲛⲁϥ ⲛϫⲉⲡⲓⲣⲱⲙⲓ ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲙⲁⲩ ϫⲉϥⲛⲁϭⲓ ϩⲗⲓ ⲛⲧⲟⲧϥ ⲙⲡϭⲥ	ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲉϥⲙⲉⲩⲓ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲛⲁϥ ⲛ̀ϫⲉ ⲡⲓⲣⲱⲙⲓ ⲉ̀ⲧⲉ ⲙ̀ⲙⲁⲩ ϫⲉ ϥ̀ⲛⲁϭⲓ ϩ̀ⲗⲓ ⲛ̀ⲧⲟⲧϥ ⲛ̀ⲡ̀ϭⲟⲓⲥ	m̀penθrefmevi ġar naf ǹje pirōmi ète m̀mav je f̀naċi h̀li ǹtotf ǹp̀ċois	For let that man not think that he will receive anything from the Lord.
1:8	ⲡⲓⲣⲱⲙⲓ ⲇⲉ ⲉⲧⲟⲓ ⲛϩⲏⲧ ⲃⲟⲩⲁⲧⲥⲉⲙⲛⲓ ⲡⲉ ϩⲓⲛⲉϥⲙⲱⲓⲧ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ	ⲡⲓⲣⲱⲙⲓ ⲇⲉ ⲉⲧⲟⲓ ⲛ̀ϩⲏⲧ ⲃⲟⲩⲁⲧⲥⲉⲙⲛⲓ ⲡⲉ ϩⲓ ⲛⲉϥⲙⲱⲓⲧ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ	pirōmi ḋe etoi ǹhyt vouatsemni pe hi nefmōit tyrou	He is a double-minded man, unstable in all his ways.
1:9	ⲙⲁⲣⲉϥϣⲟⲩϣⲟⲩ ⲇⲉ ⲙⲙⲟϥ ⲛϫⲉⲡⲓⲥⲟⲛ ⲉⲧⲑⲉⲃⲏⲟⲩⲧ ϧⲉⲛⲡⲉϥϭⲓⲥⲓ	ⲙⲁⲣⲉϥϣⲟⲩϣⲟⲩ ⲇⲉ ⲙ̀ⲙⲟϥ ⲛ̀ϫⲉ ⲡⲓⲥⲟⲛ ⲉⲧⲑⲉⲃⲏⲟⲩⲧ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲉϥϭⲓⲥⲓ	marefṡouṡou ḋe m̀mof ǹje pison etθevyout xen pefċisi	But let the brother in humble circumstances glory in his high position;
1:10	ⲡⲓⲣⲁⲙⲁⲟ ⲇⲉ ⲛϩⲣⲏⲓ ϧⲉⲛⲡⲉϥⲑⲉⲃⲓⲟ ϫⲉⲙⲫⲣⲏϯ ⲛⲟⲩϩⲣⲏⲣⲓ ⲛⲧⲉⲟⲩⲥⲱⲟⲩⲃⲉⲛ ϥⲛⲁⲥⲓⲛⲓ	ⲡⲓⲣⲁⲙⲁⲟ̀ ⲇⲉ ⲛ̀ϩ̀ⲣⲏⲓ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲉϥⲑⲉⲃⲓⲟ ϫⲉ ⲛ̀ⲫ̀ⲣⲏϯ ⲛ̀ⲟⲩϩ̀ⲣⲏⲣⲓ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ ⲟⲩⲥⲱⲟⲩⲃⲉⲛ ϥ̀ⲛⲁⲥⲓⲛⲓ	piramaò ḋe ǹh̀ryi xen pefθevio je ǹf̀ryti ǹouh̀ryri ǹte ousōouven f̀nasini	and the rich, in that he is made humble, because like the flower in the grass, he will pass away.
1:11	ⲁϥϣⲁⲓ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲛϫⲉⲫⲣⲏ ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲓⲕⲁⲩⲥⲱⲛ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁϥⲧϣⲟⲩⲓⲉ ⲡⲓⲥⲱⲟⲩⲃⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲧⲉϥϩⲣⲏⲣⲓ ⲁⲥϥⲟⲣϥⲉⲣ ⲡⲥⲁⲓ ⲇⲉ ⲛⲧⲉⲡⲉϥϩⲟ ⲁϥⲧⲁⲕⲟ ⲡⲁⲓⲣⲏϯ ϩⲱϥ ⲡⲓⲣⲁⲙⲁⲟ ⲛϩⲣⲏⲓ ϧⲉⲛⲛⲉϥⲙⲱⲓⲧ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ ϥⲛⲁⲗⲱⲙ	ⲁϥϣⲁⲓ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲛ̀ϫⲉ ⲫ̀ⲣⲏ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲡⲓⲕⲁⲩⲥⲱⲛ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁϥⲧϣⲟⲩⲓⲉ ⲡⲓⲥⲱⲟⲩⲃⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲧⲉϥϩ̀ⲣⲏⲣⲓ ⲁⲥϥⲟⲣϥⲉⲣ ⲡ̀ⲥⲁⲓ ⲇⲉ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ ⲡⲉϥϩⲟ ⲁϥⲧⲁⲕⲟ ⲡⲁⲓⲣⲏϯ ϩⲱϥ ⲡⲓⲣⲁⲙⲁⲟ̀ ⲛ̀ϩ̀ⲣⲏⲓ ϧⲉⲛ ⲛⲉϥⲙⲱⲓⲧ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ ϥ̀ⲛⲁⲗⲱⲙ	afṡai ġar ǹje f̀ry nem pikavsōn ouoh aftṡouie pisōouven ouoh tefh̀ryri asforfer p̀·sai ḋe ǹte pefho aftako pairyti hōf piramaò ǹh̀ryi xen nefmōit tyrou f̀nalōm	For the sun arises with the scorching wind, and withers the grass, and the flower in it falls, and the beauty of its appearance perishes. So also will the rich man fade away in his pursuits.
1:12	ⲟⲩⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲡⲉ ⲡⲓⲣⲱⲙⲓ ⲫⲏ ⲉⲑⲛⲁⲁⲙⲟⲛⲓ ⲛⲧⲟⲧϥ ϧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲡⲓⲣⲁⲥⲙⲟⲥ ϫⲉⲁϥϣⲁⲛⲉⲣ ⲟⲩⲥⲱⲧⲡ ϥⲛⲁϭⲓ ⲙⲡⲓⲭⲗⲟⲙ ⲛⲧⲉⲡⲱⲛϧ ⲫⲏ ⲉⲧⲁϥⲱϣ ⲙⲙⲟϥ ⲛⲛⲏ ⲉⲑⲛⲁⲙⲉⲛⲣⲓⲧϥ .	ⲟⲩⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲡⲉ ⲡⲓⲣⲱⲙⲓ ⲫⲏ ⲉⲑⲛⲁⲁ̀ⲙⲟⲛⲓ ⲛ̀ⲧⲟⲧϥ ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲡⲓⲣⲁⲥⲙⲟⲥ ϫⲉ ⲁϥϣⲁⲛⲉⲣ ⲟⲩⲥⲱⲧⲡ ϥ̀ⲛⲁϭⲓ ⲛ̀ⲡⲓⲭⲗⲟⲙ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ ⲡ̀ⲱⲛϧ ⲫⲏ ⲉⲧⲁϥⲱϣ ⲙ̀ⲙⲟϥ ⲛ̀ⲛⲏ ⲉⲑⲛⲁⲙⲉⲛⲣⲓⲧϥ.	oumakarios pe pirōmi fy eθnaàmoni ǹtotf xen oupirasmos je afṡaner ousōtp f̀naċi ǹpiklom ǹte p̀ōnx fy etafōṡ m̀mof ǹny eθnamenritf.	Blessed is the man who endures temptation, for when he has been approved, he will receive the crown of life, which the Lord promised to those who love him.
1:13	ⲙⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲉ ϩⲗⲓ ϫⲟⲥ ⲉⲩⲉⲣⲡⲓⲣⲁⲍⲓⲛ ⲙⲙⲟϥ ϫⲉⲫⲛⲟⲩϯ ⲡⲉⲧⲉⲣⲡⲓⲣⲁⲍⲓⲛ ⲙⲙⲟⲓ ⲫⲛⲟⲩϯ ⲅⲁⲣ ϥⲉⲣⲡⲓⲣⲁⲍⲓⲛ ⲁⲛ ϧⲉⲛϩⲁⲛⲡⲉⲧϩⲱⲟⲩ ϥⲉⲣⲡⲓⲣⲁⲍⲓⲛ ⲇⲉ ⲛⲑⲟϥ ⲛϩⲗⲓ ⲁⲛ	Ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲉ ϩ̀ⲗⲓ ϫⲟⲥ ⲉⲩⲉⲣⲡⲓⲣⲁⲍⲓⲛ ⲙ̀ⲙⲟϥ ϫⲉ ⲫ̀ⲛⲟⲩϯ ⲡⲉⲧⲉⲣⲡⲓⲣⲁⲍⲓⲛ ⲙ̀ⲙⲟⲓ ⲫ̀ⲛⲟⲩϯ ⲅⲁⲣ ϥ̀ⲉⲣⲡⲓⲣⲁⲍⲓⲛ ⲁⲛ ϧⲉⲛ ϩⲁⲛⲡⲉⲧϩⲱⲟⲩ ϥ̀ⲉⲣⲡⲓⲣⲁⲍⲓⲛ ⲇⲉ ⲛ̀ⲑⲟϥ ⲛ̀ϩ̀ⲗⲓ ⲁⲛ	M̀penθre h̀li gos everpirazin m̀mof je f̀nouti peterpirazin m̀moi f̀nouti ġar f̀erpirazin an xen hanpet·hōou f̀erpirazin ḋe ǹθof ǹh̀li an	Let no man say when he is tempted, 'I am tempted by God,' for God can't be tempted by evil, and he himself tempts no one.
1:14	ⲡⲓⲟⲩⲁⲓ ⲇⲉ ⲡⲓⲟⲩⲁⲓ ⲉⲩⲉⲣⲡⲓⲣⲁⲍⲓⲛ ⲙⲙⲟϥ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲓⲧⲉⲛⲧⲉϥⲉⲡⲓⲑⲩⲙⲓⲁ ⲙⲙⲓⲛⲙⲙⲟϥ ⲉⲥⲥⲱⲕ ⲙⲙⲟϥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲥⲥⲟⲡⲥⲉⲡ ⲙⲙⲟϥ	ⲡⲓⲟⲩⲁⲓ ⲇⲉ ⲡⲓⲟⲩⲁⲓ ⲉⲩⲉⲣⲡⲓⲣⲁⲍⲓⲛ ⲙ̀ⲙⲟϥ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲓⲧⲉⲛ ⲧⲉϥⲉ̀ⲡⲓⲑⲩⲙⲓⲁ ⲙ̀ⲙⲓⲛ ⲙ̀ⲙⲟϥ ⲉⲥⲥⲱⲕ ⲙ̀ⲙⲟϥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲥⲥⲟⲡⲥⲉⲡ ⲙ̀ⲙⲟϥ	piouai ḋe piouai everpirazin m̀mof èvol hiten tefèpiθimia m̀min m̀mof essōk m̀mof ouoh essop·sep m̀mof	But each one is tempted, when he is drawn away by his own lust, and enticed.
1:15	ⲓⲧⲁ ϯⲉⲡⲓⲑⲩⲙⲓⲁ ⲁⲥϣⲁⲛⲉⲣⲃⲟⲕⲓ ϣⲁⲥⲙⲉⲥ ⲫⲛⲟⲃⲓ ⲫⲛⲟⲃⲓ ⲇⲉ ⲁϥϣⲁⲛϫⲱⲕ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ϣⲁϥϫⲫⲟ ⲙⲫⲙⲟⲩ .	ⲓⲧⲁ ϯⲉ̀ⲡⲓⲑⲩⲙⲓⲁ ⲁⲥϣⲁⲛⲉⲣⲃⲟⲕⲓ ϣⲁ ⲥⲙⲉⲥ ⲫ̀ⲛⲟⲃⲓ ⲫ̀ⲛⲟⲃⲓ ⲇⲉ ⲁϥϣⲁⲛϫⲱⲕ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ ϣⲁϥϫⲫⲟ ⲛ̀ⲫ̀ⲙⲟⲩ.	ita tièpiθimia asṡanervoki ṡa smes f̀novi f̀novi ḋe afṡangōk èvol ṡafgfo ǹf̀mou.	Then the lust, when it has conceived, bears sin; and the sin, when it is full grown, brings forth death.
1:16	ⲙⲡⲉⲣⲥⲱⲣⲉⲙ ⲛⲁⲥⲛⲏⲟⲩ ⲛⲁⲙⲉⲛⲣⲁϯ	Ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲣⲥⲱⲣⲉⲙ ⲛⲁⲥ̀ⲛⲏⲟⲩ ⲛⲁⲙⲉⲛⲣⲁϯ	M̀persōrem nas̀nyou namenrati	Don't be deceived, my beloved brothers.
1:17	ⲧⲁⲓⲟ ⲛⲓⲃⲉⲛ ⲉⲑⲛⲁⲛⲉⲩ ⲛⲉⲙⲇⲱⲣⲟⲛ ⲛⲓⲃⲉⲛ ⲉⲧϫⲏⲕ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲁⲛⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲙⲡϣⲱⲓ ⲛⲉⲉⲩⲛⲏⲟⲩ ⲉⲡⲉⲥⲏⲧ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲓⲧⲉⲛⲫⲓⲱⲧ ⲛⲧⲉⲛⲓⲟⲩⲱⲓⲛⲓ ⲫⲏ ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲙⲟⲛ ϣⲓⲃϯ ⲛⲁϩⲣⲁϥ ⲟⲩⲇⲉ ⲟⲩⲥⲙⲟⲧ ⲛⲧⲉⲟⲩϧⲏⲓⲃⲓ ⲉⲁⲥⲥⲓⲛⲓ	ⲧⲁⲓⲟ ⲛⲓⲃⲉⲛ ⲉⲑⲛⲁⲛⲉⲩ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲇⲱⲣⲟⲛ ⲛⲓⲃⲉⲛ ⲉⲧϫⲏⲕ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲁⲛⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ ⲛ̀ⲡ̀ϣⲱⲓ ⲛⲉⲉⲩⲛⲏⲟⲩ ⲉ̀ⲡⲉⲥⲏⲧ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲓⲧⲉⲛ ⲫ̀ⲓⲱⲧ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ ⲛⲓⲟⲩⲱⲓⲛⲓ ⲫⲏ ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̀ⲙⲟⲛ ϣⲓⲃϯ ⲛⲁϩⲣⲁϥ ⲟⲩⲇⲉ ⲟⲩⲥ̀ⲙⲟⲧ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ ⲟⲩϧⲏⲓⲃⲓ ⲉⲁⲥⲥⲓⲛⲓ	taio niven eθnanev nem ḋōron niven etjyk èvol hanèvol ǹp̀ṡōi neevnyou èpesyt èvol hiten f̀iōt ǹte niouōini fy etem̀mon ṡivti nahraf ouḋe ous̀mot ǹte ouxyivi eassini	Every good gift and every perfect gift is from above, coming down from the Father of lights, with whom can be no variation, nor turning shadow.
1:18	ⲁϥⲟⲩⲱϣ ⲁϥϫⲫⲟⲛ ϧⲉⲛⲡⲥⲁϫⲓ ⲛⲧⲉϯⲙⲉⲑⲙⲏⲓ ⲉⲑⲣⲉⲛϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲛⲟⲩⲁⲡⲁⲣⲭⲏ ⲛⲧⲉⲛⲉϥⲥⲱⲛⲧ	ⲁϥⲟⲩⲱϣ ⲁϥϫⲫⲟⲛ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡ̀ⲥⲁϫⲓ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ ϯⲙⲉⲑⲙⲏⲓ ⲉⲑⲣⲉⲛϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲛ̀ⲟⲩⲁ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲭⲏ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ ⲛⲉϥⲥⲱⲛⲧ	afouōṡ afgfon xen p̀·saji ǹte timeθmyi eθrenṡōpi ǹouàparṡy ǹte nefsōnt	Of his own will he brought us forth by the word of truth, that we should be a kind of first fruits of his creatures.
1:19	ⲧⲉⲛⲥⲱⲟⲩⲛ ⲇⲉ ⲛⲁⲥⲛⲏⲟⲩ ⲛⲁⲙⲉⲛⲣⲁϯ ⲙⲁⲣⲉϥϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲇⲉ ⲛϫⲉⲣⲱⲙⲓ ⲛⲓⲃⲉⲛ ⲉϥⲓⲏⲥⲟⲩⲥ ⲉϥⲛⲁⲥⲱⲧⲉⲙ ⲉϥϩⲟⲣϣ ⲉϥⲛⲁⲥⲁϫⲓ ⲉϥϩⲣⲟϣ ⲉϥⲛⲁϫⲱⲛⲧ	ⲧⲉⲛⲥⲱⲟⲩⲛ ⲇⲉ ⲛⲁⲥ̀ⲛⲏⲟⲩ ⲛⲁⲙⲉⲛⲣⲁϯ ⲙⲁⲣⲉϥϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲇⲉ ⲛ̀ϫⲉ ⲣⲱⲙⲓ ⲛⲓⲃⲉⲛ ⲉϥⲓⲏⲥⲟⲩⲥ ⲉϥⲛⲁⲥⲱⲧⲉⲙ ⲉϥϩⲟⲣϣ ⲉϥⲛⲁⲥⲁϫⲓ ⲉϥϩⲣⲟϣ ⲉϥⲛⲁϫⲱⲛⲧ	tensōoun ḋe nas̀nyou namenrati marefṡōpi ḋe ǹje rōmi niven efiysous efnasōtem efhorṡ efnasaji efhroṡ efnagōnt	So, then, my beloved brothers, let every man be swift to hear, slow to speak, and slow to anger;
1:20	ⲡϫⲱⲛⲧ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲙⲫⲣⲱⲙⲓ ⲙⲡⲁϥⲉⲣϩⲱⲃ ⲉϯⲙⲉⲑⲙⲏⲓ ⲛⲧⲉⲫⲛⲟⲩϯ .	ⲡ̀ϫⲱⲛⲧ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲛ̀ⲫ̀ⲣⲱⲙⲓ ⲙⲡⲁϥⲉⲣϩⲱⲃ ⲉ̀ϯⲙⲉⲑⲙⲏⲓ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ ⲫ̀ⲛⲟⲩϯ.	p̀gōnt ġar ǹf̀rōmi mpaferhōb ètimeθmyi ǹte f̀nouti.	for the anger of man doesn't produce the righteousness of God.
1:21	ⲉⲑⲃⲉⲫⲁⲓ ⲭⲁ ⲑⲱⲗⲉⲃ ⲛⲓⲃⲉⲛ ⲉϧⲣⲏⲓ ⲛⲉⲙⲡϩⲟⲩⲟ ⲛⲧⲉϯⲕⲁⲕⲓⲁ ϧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲙⲉⲧⲣⲉⲙⲣⲁⲩϣ ϣⲉⲡ ⲡⲓⲥⲁϫⲓ ⲉⲣⲱⲧⲉⲛ ⲉϥⲣⲏⲧ ⲙⲃⲉⲣⲓ ⲫⲏ ⲉⲧⲉⲟⲩⲟⲛ ϣϫⲟⲙ ⲙⲙⲟϥ ⲉⲛⲟϩⲉⲙ ⲛⲛⲉⲧⲉⲛⲯⲩⲭⲏ	Ⲉⲑⲃⲉ ⲫⲁⲓ ⲭⲁ ⲑⲱⲗⲉⲃ ⲛⲓⲃⲉⲛ ⲉ̀ϧ̀ⲣⲏⲓ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲡ̀ϩⲟⲩⲟ̀ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ ϯⲕⲁⲕⲓⲁ ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲙⲉⲧⲣⲉⲙⲣⲁⲩϣ ϣⲉⲡ ⲡⲓⲥⲁϫⲓ ⲉⲣⲱⲧⲉⲛ ⲉϥⲣⲏⲧ ⲛ̀ⲃⲉⲣⲓ ⲫⲏ ⲉ̀ⲧⲉ ⲟⲩⲟⲛ ϣ̀ϫⲟⲙ ⲙ̀ⲙⲟϥ ⲉⲛⲟϩⲉⲙ ⲛ̀ⲛⲉⲧⲉⲛⲯⲩⲭⲏ	Eθve fai ka θōleb niven èx̀ryi nem p̀houò ǹte tikakia xen oumetremravṡ ṡep pisaji erōten efryt ǹveri fy ète ouon ṡ̀gom m̀mof enohem ǹnetenpsiṡy	Therefore, putting away all filthiness and overflowing of wickedness, receive with humility the implanted word, which is able to save your souls.
1:22	ϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲉⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲓ ⲛⲣⲉϥⲓⲣⲓ ⲙⲡⲓⲥⲁϫⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲣⲉϥϭⲓⲥⲙⲏ ⲙⲙⲁⲩⲁⲧϥ ⲁⲛ ⲙⲙⲟⲛ ⲉⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉⲣϩⲁⲗ ⲙⲙⲱⲧⲉⲛ ⲙⲙⲁⲩⲁⲧⲉⲛ ⲑⲏⲛⲟⲩ	ϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲉⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲓ ⲛ̀ⲣⲉϥⲓⲣⲓ ⲛ̀ⲡⲓⲥⲁϫⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲣⲉϥϭⲓⲥ̀ⲙⲏ ⲙ̀ⲙⲁⲩⲁⲧϥ ⲁⲛ ⲙ̀ⲙⲟⲛ ⲉ̀ⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉⲣϩⲁⲗ ⲙ̀ⲙⲱⲧⲉⲛ ⲙⲙⲁⲩⲁⲧⲉⲛ ⲑⲏⲛⲟⲩ	ṡōpi eretenoi ǹrefiri ǹpisaji ouoh nrefċis̀my m̀mavatf an m̀mon èretenerhal m̀mōten mmavaten θynou	But be doers of the word, and not only hearers, deluding your own selves.
1:23	ⲫⲏ ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲣⲉϥϭⲓⲥⲙⲏ ⲡⲉ ⲛⲧⲉⲡⲓⲥⲁϫⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲟⲩⲣⲉϥⲉⲣϩⲱⲃ ⲁⲛ ⲡⲉ ⲫⲁⲓ ⲁϥⲟⲛⲓ ⲛⲟⲩⲣⲱⲙⲓ ⲉⲁϥϯⲛⲓⲁⲧϥ ⲙⲡϩⲟ ⲛⲧⲉⲡⲉϥϫⲓⲛⲙⲓⲥⲓ ϧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲓⲁⲗ	ⲫⲏ ⲉ̀ⲧⲉ ⲛⲟⲩⲣⲉϥϭⲓⲥⲙⲏ ⲡⲉ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ ⲡⲓⲥⲁϫⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛ̀ⲟⲩⲣⲉϥⲉⲣϩⲱⲃ ⲁⲛ ⲡⲉ ⲫⲁⲓ ⲁϥⲟⲛⲓ ⲛ̀ⲟⲩⲣⲱⲙⲓ ⲉⲁϥϯⲛⲓⲁⲧϥ ⲛ̀ⲡ̀ϩⲟ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ ⲡⲉϥϫⲓⲛⲙⲓⲥⲓ ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲓⲁⲗ	fy ète nourefċismy pe ǹte pisaji ouoh ǹoureferhōb an pe fai afoni ǹourōmi eaftiniatf ǹp̀ho ǹte pefjinmisi xen ouial	For if anyone is a hearer of the word and not a doer, he is like a man looking at his natural face in a mirror;
1:24	ⲁϥϯⲛⲓⲁⲧϥ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲙⲙⲟϥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁϥϣⲉ ⲛⲁϥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲥⲁⲧⲟⲧϥ ⲁϥⲉⲣⲡⲱⲃϣ ⲙⲡⲓⲣⲏϯ ⲉⲛⲁϥⲟⲓ ⲙⲙⲟϥ	ⲁϥϯⲛⲓⲁⲧϥ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲙ̀ⲙⲟϥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁϥϣⲉ ⲛⲁϥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲥⲁⲧⲟⲧϥ ⲁϥⲉⲣⲡⲱⲃϣ ⲛ̀ⲫ̀ⲣⲏϯ ⲉⲛⲁϥⲟⲓ ⲙ̀ⲙⲟϥ	aftiniatf ġar m̀mof ouoh afṡe naf ouoh satotf aferpōvṡ ǹf̀ryti enafoi m̀mof	for he sees himself, and goes away, and immediately forgets what kind of man he was.
1:25	ⲫⲏ ⲇⲉ ⲉⲧⲁϥⲥⲟⲙⲥ ⲥⲫⲛⲟⲙⲟⲥ ⲉⲧϫⲏⲕ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲛϯⲙⲉⲧⲣⲉⲙϩⲉ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲧⲉϥⲟϩⲓ ⲛϧⲏⲧϥ ⲙⲡⲁϥⲉⲣⲣⲉϥϭⲓⲥⲙⲏ ⲛⲣⲉϥⲉⲣⲡⲱⲃϣ ⲁⲗⲗⲁ ⲛⲣⲉϥⲓⲣⲓ ⲙⲡⲓϩⲱⲃ ⲫⲁⲓ ⲉϥⲉⲉⲣ ⲟⲩⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ϧⲉⲛⲡⲉⲧⲉϥⲓⲣⲓ ⲙⲙⲟϥ .	ⲫⲏ ⲇⲉ ⲉ̀ⲧⲁϥⲥⲟⲙⲥ ⲥⲫ̀ⲛⲟⲙⲟⲥ ⲉⲧϫⲏⲕ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ ⲛ̀ϯⲙⲉⲧⲣⲉⲙϩⲉ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉϥⲟ̀ϩⲓ ⲛ̀ϧⲏⲧϥ ⲙⲡⲁϥⲉⲣⲣⲉϥϭⲓⲥⲙⲏ ⲛ̀ⲣⲉϥⲉⲣⲡⲱⲃϣ ⲁⲗⲗⲁ ⲛ̀ⲣⲉϥⲓⲣⲓ ⲛ̀ⲡⲓϩⲱⲃ ⲫⲁⲓ ⲉϥⲉ̀ⲉⲣ ⲟⲩⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲉⲧⲉϥⲓ̀ⲣⲓ ⲙ̀ⲙⲟϥ.	fy ḋe ètafsoms sf̀nomos etjyk èvol ǹtimetremhe ouoh ǹtefòhi ǹxytf mpaferrefċismy ǹreferpōvṡ alla ǹrefiri ǹpihōb fai efèer oumakarios xen petefìri m̀mof.	But he who looks into the perfect law of freedom, and continues, not being a hearer who forgets, but a doer of the work, this man will be blessed in what he does.
1:26	ⲫⲏ ⲇⲉ ⲉⲑⲩⲙⲉⲩⲓ ⲉⲣⲟϥ ϫⲉⲟⲩⲣⲉϥϣⲉⲙϣⲓ ⲡⲉ ⲛϥϭⲓⲭⲁⲗⲓⲛⲟⲩⲥ ⲙⲡⲉϥⲗⲁⲥ ⲁⲛ ⲁⲗⲗⲁ ⲁϥⲉⲣϩⲁⲗ ⲙⲡⲉϥϩⲏⲧ ⲟⲩⲉⲫⲗⲏⲟⲩ ⲡⲉ ⲡϣⲉⲙϣⲓ ⲙⲫⲁⲓ	Ⲫⲏ ⲇⲉ ⲉⲑⲩⲙⲉⲩⲓ ⲉ̀ⲣⲟϥ ϫⲉ ⲟⲩⲣⲉϥϣⲉⲙϣⲓ ⲡⲉ ⲛ̀ϥϭⲓⲭⲁⲗⲓⲛⲟⲩⲥ ⲛ̀ⲡⲉϥⲗⲁⲥ ⲁⲛ ⲁⲗⲗⲁ ⲁϥⲉⲣϩⲁⲗ ⲛ̀ⲡⲉϥϩⲏⲧ ⲟⲩⲉⲫⲗⲏⲟⲩ ⲡⲉ ⲡ̀ϣⲉⲙϣⲓ ⲛ̀ⲫⲁⲓ	Fy ḋe eθimevi èrof je ourefṡemṡi pe ǹfċikalinous ǹpeflas an alla aferhal ǹpefhyt oueflyou pe p̀ṡemṡi ǹfai	If anyone among you thinks himself to be religious while he doesn't bridle his tongue, but deceives his heart, this man's religion is worthless.
1:27	ⲡⲓϣⲉⲙϣⲓ ⲇⲉ ⲉⲑⲟⲩⲁⲃ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲁⲧⲑⲱⲗⲉⲃ ϧⲁⲧⲉⲛⲫⲛⲟⲩϯ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲫⲓⲱⲧ ⲫⲁⲓ ⲡⲉ ⲉϫⲉⲙⲡϣⲓⲛⲓ ⲛⲛⲓⲟⲣⲫⲁⲛⲟⲥ ⲛⲉⲙⲛⲓⲭⲏⲣⲁ ⲛϧⲣⲏⲓ ϧⲉⲛⲡⲟⲩϩⲟϫϩⲉϫ ⲉⲁⲣⲉϩ ⲉⲣⲟϥ ⲉϥⲟⲓ ⲛⲁⲧⲁϭ ⲛⲓ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲁⲡⲓⲕⲟⲥⲙⲟⲥ .	ⲡⲓϣⲉⲙϣⲓ ⲇⲉ ⲉⲑⲟⲩⲁⲃ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛ̀ⲁⲧⲑⲱⲗⲉⲃ ϧⲁⲧⲉⲛ ⲫ̀ⲛⲟⲩϯ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲫ̀ⲓⲱⲧ ⲫⲁⲓ ⲡⲉ ⲉϫⲉⲙⲡϣⲓⲛⲓ ⲛ̀ⲛⲓⲟⲣⲫⲁⲛⲟⲥ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲛⲓⲭⲏⲣⲁ ⲛ̀ϧ̀ⲣⲏⲓ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲟⲩϩⲟϫϩⲉϫ ⲉⲁ̀ⲣⲉϩ ⲉ̀ⲣⲟϥ ⲉϥⲟⲓ ⲛⲁⲧⲁϭ ⲛⲓ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲁ ⲡⲓⲕⲟⲥⲙⲟⲥ.	piṡemṡi ḋe eθouab ouoh ǹatθōleb xaten f̀nouti ouoh f̀iōt fai pe ejempṡini ǹniorfanos nem niṡyra ǹx̀ryi xen pouhogheg eàreh èrof efoi nataċ ni èvol ha pikosmos.	Pure religion and undefiled before our God and Father is this: to visit the fatherless and widows in their affliction, and to keep oneself unstained by the world.

Provenance

title: 20_James_01
dialect: bohairic
source: Coptic SCRIPTORIUM corpus "bohairic.nt", document 20_James_01
licence: CC-BY-SA 4.0 (meta.json "CC-BY-SA"; TEI header says CC-BY 4.0 — conflict, stricter kept; LICENCES.md Q-15)
share: attribution
attribution: 20_James_01 from Coptic SCRIPTORIUM (https://copticscriptorium.org), corpus bohairic.nt, document 20_James_01, version 6.0.0 (2024-10-31), annotations by Nina Speranskaja, Nicholas Wagner, Amir Zeldes; source edition Marcion, Hany Takla. Licensed CC BY-SA 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/); this derivative is released under the same licence. Marcion project, Hany Takla. Layers L1/L2 are modified: re-spelled (Cairene) / transliterated (Kemetic) by the Kemetic project, Yousef Hanna 2026.
annotation: segmentation automatic · tagging automatic · parsing automatic (SCRIPTORIUM meta.json; document version 6.0.0, 2024-10-31)
file: Bible/New Testament/James/01.bohairic.scriptorium.L0.txt
title: 20_James_01 — Cairene
dialect: bohairic
source: generated from 01.bohairic.scriptorium.L0.txt (Coptic SCRIPTORIUM corpus "bohairic.nt", document 20_James_01)
licence: CC BY-SA 4.0
share: attribution
attribution: 20_James_01 from Coptic SCRIPTORIUM (https://copticscriptorium.org), corpus bohairic.nt, document 20_James_01, version 6.0.0 (2024-10-31), annotations by Nina Speranskaja, Nicholas Wagner, Amir Zeldes; source edition Marcion, Hany Takla. Licensed CC BY-SA 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/); this derivative is released under the same licence. Marcion project, Hany Takla. Layers L1/L2 are modified: re-spelled (Cairene) / transliterated (Kemetic) by the Kemetic project, Yousef Hanna 2026.
generated by: tools/cairene.py from_witness on the L0 text (L1 = Cairene(N(L0)), RI-038 2026-09-16; RI-029 2026-09-11; DECISIONS.md 2026-09-09: punctuation O-6, jinkim O-3; segmentation-aware jinkim + spelling verdicts from the witness-aligned CoNLL-U segmentation, C3b; 2026-09-09 evening rulings: word division church, "until" base ϣⲁⲧⲉ-, nomina sacra ⲓ̅ⲥ̅/ⲡⲉⲭ︦ⲥ︦/Ⲑⲥ̅/Ⲩⲥ̅ expanded; numerals and abbreviations resolved by the normalization stage)
file: Bible/New Testament/James/01.bohairic.scriptorium.L1.txt
title: 20_James_01 — Kemetic
dialect: bohairic
source: generated from 01.bohairic.scriptorium.L1.txt
licence: CC BY-SA 4.0
share: attribution
attribution: 20_James_01 from Coptic SCRIPTORIUM (https://copticscriptorium.org), corpus bohairic.nt, document 20_James_01, version 6.0.0 (2024-10-31), annotations by Nina Speranskaja, Nicholas Wagner, Amir Zeldes; source edition Marcion, Hany Takla. Licensed CC BY-SA 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/); this derivative is released under the same licence. Marcion project, Hany Takla. Layers L1/L2 are modified: re-spelled (Cairene) / transliterated (Kemetic) by the Kemetic project, Yousef Hanna 2026.
generated by: tools/coptic_to_kemetic.py convert() on the L1 text (letter rules of DECISIONS.md 2026-09-08)
file: Bible/New Testament/James/01.bohairic.scriptorium.L2.txt
what it is: DRAFT English. Not a published translation: `existing` rows quote an aligned translation named in `basis`; `llm` rows are a language-model best guess from the dictionary gloss and context (Yousef asked for them, 2026-09-27; to be corrected later); check the source text before relying on any of it.
lines: 27 quoted · 0 quoted with the alignment not cross-checked · 0 model drafts (marked “draft”)
quoted from: World English Bible (WEB) — aligned in Coptic SCRIPTORIUM bohairic.nt, 20_James_01 (27 lines)

Cite as:

20_James_01. Coptic SCRIPTORIUM corpus "bohairic.nt", document 20_James_01. Layers as published by the Kemetic project (Yousef Hanna), 2026: Coptic · Cairene · Kemetic, /doc/bible/new-testament/james/01.bohairic.scriptorium/. 20_James_01 from Coptic SCRIPTORIUM (https://copticscriptorium.org), corpus bohairic.nt, document 20_James_01, version 6.0.0 (2024-10-31), annotations by Nina Speranskaja, Nicholas Wagner, Amir Zeldes; source edition Marcion, Hany Takla. Licensed CC BY-SA 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/); this derivative is released under the same licence. Marcion project, Hany Takla. Layers L1/L2 are modified: re-spelled (Cairene) / transliterated (Kemetic) by the Kemetic project, Yousef Hanna 2026.

What the layers are

L0 witness
The text as its witness or edition has it, original spelling; its dialect is a description and is never standardized.

L0.5 transliteration
For Egyptian texts: the transliteration with the editors' marks turned into the symbols ° * < > _ ^ (ruled 2026-09-10). For papyri: the edition's Leiden marks as the same symbols, and the editors' readings beside the scribe's as ‹scribe→editors› (ruled PAP-3).

L1 Cairene
Standardized Greco-Bohairic spelling and grammar, generated by code from the layer above under the rulings of the project.

L2 Kemetic
The Kemetic alphabet, generated by code from L1.

English
Quoted translations where they exist, credited; otherwise model drafts, marked as drafts.