Amos 9 — Coptic · Cairene

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Source: Coptic SCRIPTORIUM corpus "bohairic.ot", document 30_Amos_09

Attribution: Amos 9 from Coptic SCRIPTORIUM (https://copticscriptorium.org), corpus bohairic.ot, document 30_Amos_09, version 6.1.0 (2025-06-30), annotations by Frank Feder, So Miyagawa, Elizabeth Platte, Caroline T. Schroeder, Amir Zeldes; source edition Crosswire, CoptOT. Licensed CC BY-SA 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/); this derivative is released under the same licence. Marcion project, Hany Takla. Layers L1/L2 are modified: re-spelled (Cairene) / transliterated (Kemetic) by the Kemetic project, Yousef Hanna 2026.

Licence: CC-BY-SA 4.0 (meta.json "CC-BY-SA"; TEI header says CC-BY 4.0 — conflict, stricter kept; LICENCES.md Q-15)

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0

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The text

15 lines · a line number is a link to itself

English: quoted translations are shown as they are, with their credit in the provenance; lines marked draft are language-model drafts made for this project (to be corrected), and alignment unchecked marks a quoted verse whose placement was not cross-checked. Check the Coptic before relying on any English line.

ref	L0 witness	L1 Cairene	L2 Kemetic	English
9:1	ⲁⲓⲛⲁⲩ ⲉ̀ⲡϭ̅ⲥ̅ ⲉϥⲟ̀ϩⲓ ⲉ̀ⲣⲁⲧϥ ⲉ̀ϫⲉⲛⲡⲓⲙⲁⲛⲉⲣϣⲱⲟⲩϣⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ϫⲉϩⲓⲟⲩⲓ̀ ⲉ̀ϫⲉⲛⲡⲓⲓ̀ⲗⲁⲥⲧⲏⲣⲓⲟⲛ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲩⲉ̀ⲙⲟⲛⲙⲉⲛ ⲛ̀ϫⲉⲛⲏⲉⲧⲥⲁⲃⲟⲗ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ϩⲓⲟⲩⲓ̀ ⲉ̀ϫⲉⲛⲛⲓⲫⲏⲟⲩⲓ̀ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲟⲩⲟⲛ ⲛⲓⲃⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲓⲥⲱϫⲡ ϯⲛⲁϧⲟⲑⲃⲟⲩ ⲛ̀ⲧ̀ⲥⲏϥⲓ ⲛ̀ⲛⲉϥⲫⲱⲧ ⲛ̀ϫⲉⲫⲏⲉⲧⲫⲏⲧ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ ⲛ̀ϧⲏⲧⲟⲩ ⲟⲩⲇⲉ ⲛ̀ⲛⲉϥⲟⲩϫⲁⲓ ⲛ̀ϫⲉⲫⲏⲉⲑⲛⲁⲛⲟϩⲉⲙ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ ⲛ̀ϧⲏⲧⲟⲩ .	ⲁⲓⲛⲁⲩ ⲉ̀ⲡ̀ϭⲟⲓⲥ ⲉϥⲟ̀ϩⲓ ⲉ̀ⲣⲁⲧϥ ⲉ̀ϫⲉⲛ ⲡⲓⲙⲁⲛ̀ⲉⲣϣⲱⲟⲩϣⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ϫⲉ ϩⲓⲟⲩⲓ̀ ⲉ̀ϫⲉⲛ ⲡⲓⲓ̀ⲗⲁⲥⲧⲏⲣⲓⲟⲛ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲩⲉ̀ⲙⲟⲛⲙⲉⲛ ⲛ̀ϫⲉ ⲛⲏⲉⲧⲥⲁⲃⲟⲗ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ϩⲓⲟⲩⲓ̀ ⲉ̀ϫⲉⲛ ⲛⲓⲫⲏⲟⲩⲓ̀ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ ⲟⲩⲟⲛ ⲛⲓⲃⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲓⲥⲱϫⲡ ϯⲛⲁϧⲟⲑⲃⲟⲩ ⲛ̀ⲧ̀ⲥⲏϥⲓ ⲛ̀ⲛⲉϥⲫⲱⲧ ⲛ̀ϫⲉ ⲫⲏⲉⲧⲫⲏⲧ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ ⲛ̀ϧⲏⲧⲟⲩ ⲟⲩⲇⲉ ⲛ̀ⲛⲉϥⲟⲩϫⲁⲓ ⲛ̀ϫⲉ ⲫⲏⲉⲑⲛⲁⲛⲟϩⲉⲙ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ ⲛ̀ϧⲏⲧⲟⲩ.	ainav èp̀ċois efòhi èratf èjen pimaǹerṡōouṡi ouoh pegaf je hiouì èjen piìlastyrion ouoh evèmonmen ǹje nyetsavol ouoh hiouì èjen nifyouì ǹte ouon niven ouoh nisōgp tinaxoθvou ǹt̀syfi ǹneffōt ǹje fyetfyt èvol ǹxytou ouḋe ǹnefougai ǹje fyeθnanohem èvol ǹxytou.	I saw the Lord standing on the altar: and he said, Smite the mercy-seat, and the porch shall be shaken: and cut through into the heads of all; and I will slay the remnant of them with the sword: no one of them fleeing shall escape, and no one of them, striving to save himself shall be delivered.
9:2	ⲁⲩϣⲁⲛϣⲱⲡⲓ ϧⲉⲛⲁ̀ⲙⲉⲛϯ ⲧ̀ϫⲓϫ ⲛⲁⲉ̀ⲛⲟⲩ ⲉ̀ⲡ̀ϣⲱⲓ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲓⲙⲁ ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̀ⲙⲁⲩ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉϣⲱⲡ ⲁⲩϣⲁⲛϣⲉ ⲉ̀ⲧ̀ⲫⲉ ϯⲛⲁⲉ̀ⲛⲟⲩ ⲉ̀ⲡⲉⲥⲏⲧ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ ⲙ̀ⲙⲁⲩ .	Ⲁⲩϣⲁⲛϣⲱⲡⲓ ϧⲉⲛ ⲁ̀ⲙⲉⲛϯ ⲧ̀ϫⲓϫ ⲛⲁⲉ̀ⲛⲟⲩ ⲉ̀ⲡ̀ϣⲱⲓ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲓⲙⲁ ⲉ̀ⲧⲉ ⲙ̀ⲙⲁⲩ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉϣⲱⲡ ⲁⲩϣⲁⲛϣⲉ ⲉ̀ⲧ̀ⲫⲉ ϯⲛⲁⲉ̀ⲛⲟⲩ ⲉ̀ⲡⲉⲥⲏⲧ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ ⲙ̀ⲙⲁⲩ.	Avṡanṡōpi xen àmenti t̀jig naènou èp̀ṡōi èvol xen pima ète m̀mav ouoh eṡōp avṡanṡe èt̀fe tinaènou èpesyt èvol m̀mav.	Though they hid themselves in hell, thence shall my hand drag them forth; and though they go up to heaven, thence will I bring them down.
9:3	ⲁⲩϣⲁϣⲛⲭⲟⲡⲟⲩ ϧⲉⲛⲧ̀ⲁ̀ⲫⲉ ⲙ̀ⲡⲓⲕⲁⲣⲙⲉⲗⲟⲥ ϯⲛⲁϧⲟⲧϧⲉⲧ ⲛ̀ⲥⲱⲟⲩ ϧⲉⲛⲡⲓⲙⲁ ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̀ⲙⲁⲩ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ϯⲛⲁϭⲓⲧⲟⲩ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉϣⲱⲡ ⲁⲩϣⲁⲛⲱⲙⲥ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗϩⲁ ⲛⲁⲃⲁⲗ ϧⲉⲛⲛⲓϣⲱⲕ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲫ̀ⲓⲟⲙ ϯⲛⲁϩⲟⲛϩⲉⲛ ⲉ̀ⲧⲟⲧϥ ⲙ̀ⲡⲓⲇⲣⲁⲕⲱⲛ ϧⲉⲛⲡⲓⲙⲁ ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̀ⲙⲁⲩ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉϥⲉ̀ϫⲱⲕϩⲟⲩ .	Ⲁⲩϣⲁϣⲛⲭⲟⲡⲟⲩ ϧⲉⲛ ⲧ̀ⲁ̀ⲫⲉ ⲛ̀ⲡⲓⲕⲁⲣⲙⲉⲗⲟⲥ ϯⲛⲁϧⲟⲧϧⲉⲧ ⲛ̀ⲥⲱⲟⲩ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲓⲙⲁ ⲉ̀ⲧⲉ ⲙ̀ⲙⲁⲩ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ϯⲛⲁϭⲓⲧⲟⲩ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉϣⲱⲡ ⲁⲩϣⲁⲛⲱⲙⲥ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗϩⲁ ⲛⲁⲃⲁⲗ ϧⲉⲛ ⲛⲓϣⲱⲕ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ ⲫ̀ⲓⲟⲙ ϯⲛⲁϩⲟⲛϩⲉⲛ ⲉ̀ⲧⲟⲧϥ ⲛ̀ⲡⲓⲇ̀ⲣⲁⲕⲱⲛ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲓⲙⲁ ⲉ̀ⲧⲉ ⲙ̀ⲙⲁⲩ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉϥⲉ̀ϫⲱⲕϩⲟⲩ.	Avṡaṡnkopou xen t̀àfe ǹpikarmelos tinaxotxet ǹsōou xen pima ète m̀mav ouoh tinaċitou ouoh eṡōp avṡanōms èbolha naval xen niṡōk ǹte f̀iom tinahonhen ètotf ǹpiḋ̀rakōn xen pima ète m̀mav ouoh efègōk·hou.	If they hide themselves in the top of Carmel, thence will I search them out and take them; and if they should go down from my presence into the depths of the sea, there will I command the serpent, and he shall bite them.
9:4	ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁⲩϣⲁⲛⲙⲟϣⲓ ϧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲉⲭⲙⲁⲗⲱⲥⲓⲁ̀ ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲙ̀ⲑⲟ ⲛ̀ⲛⲟⲩϫⲁϫⲓ ϯⲛⲁϩⲟⲛϩⲉⲛ ⲉ̀ⲧⲟⲧⲥ ⲛ̀ⲧ̀ⲥⲏϥⲓ ϧⲉⲛⲡⲓⲙⲁ ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̀ⲙⲁⲩ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛ̀ⲥⲉϧⲟⲑⲃⲟⲩ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ϯⲛⲁⲧⲁϫⲣⲟ ⲛ̀ⲛⲁⲃⲁⲗ ⲉ̀ϩ̀ⲣⲏⲓ ⲉ̀ϫⲱⲟⲩ ⲉ̀ϩⲁⲛⲡⲉⲧϩⲱⲟⲩ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ϩⲁⲛⲡⲉⲑⲛⲁⲛⲉⲩ ⲁⲛ .	Ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁⲩϣⲁⲛⲙⲟϣⲓ ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲉⲭⲙⲁⲗⲱⲥⲓⲁ̀ ⲛ̀ⲡⲉⲙ̀ⲑⲟ ⲛ̀ⲛⲟⲩϫⲁϫⲓ ϯⲛⲁϩⲟⲛϩⲉⲛ ⲉ̀ⲧⲟⲧⲥ ⲛ̀ⲧ̀ⲥⲏϥⲓ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲓⲙⲁ ⲉ̀ⲧⲉ ⲙ̀ⲙⲁⲩ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛ̀ⲧⲟⲩϧⲟⲑⲃⲟⲩ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ϯⲛⲁⲧⲁϫⲣⲟ ⲛ̀ⲛⲁⲃⲁⲗ ⲉ̀ϩ̀ⲣⲏⲓ ⲉ̀ϫⲱⲟⲩ ⲉ̀ϩⲁⲛⲡⲉⲧϩⲱⲟⲩ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ϩⲁⲛⲡⲉⲑⲛⲁⲛⲉⲩ ⲁⲛ.	Ouoh avṡanmoṡi xen ouexmalōsià ǹpem̀θo ǹnougaji tinahonhen ètots ǹt̀syfi xen pima ète m̀mav ouoh ǹtouxoθvou ouoh tinatagro ǹnaval èh̀ryi ègōou èhanpet·hōou ouoh hanpeθnanev an.	And if they should go into captivity before the face of their enemies, there will I command the sword, and it shall slay them: and I will set mine eyes against them for evil, and not for good.
9:5	ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡϭ̅ⲥ̅ ⲫϯ ⲡⲓⲡⲁⲛⲧⲟⲕⲣⲁⲧⲱⲣ ⲫⲏⲉⲧϭⲓⲛⲉⲙ ⲡ̀ⲕⲁϩⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁϥⲑ̀ⲣⲟ ⲙ̀ⲙⲟϥ ⲉ̀ⲕⲓⲙ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲩⲉ̀ⲉⲣϩⲏⲃⲓ ⲛ̀ϫⲉⲛⲏⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ ⲉⲧϣⲟⲡ ϩⲓⲱⲧϥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲥⲉ̀ⲓ̀ ⲉ̀ⲡ̀ϣⲱⲓ ⲛ̀ϫⲉⲧⲉϥϧⲁⲉ̀ ⲙ̀ⲫ̀ⲣⲏϯ ⲛ̀ⲟⲩⲓⲁⲣⲟ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲭⲏⲙⲓ .	Ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡ̀ϭⲟⲓⲥ ⲫ̀ⲛⲟⲩϯ ⲡⲓⲡⲁⲛⲧⲟⲕⲣⲁⲧⲱⲣ ⲫⲏⲉⲧϭⲓⲛⲉⲙ ⲡ̀ⲕⲁϩⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁϥⲑ̀ⲣⲟ ⲙ̀ⲙⲟϥ ⲉ̀ⲕⲓⲙ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲩⲉ̀ⲉⲣϩⲏⲃⲓ ⲛ̀ϫⲉ ⲛⲏⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ ⲉⲧϣⲟⲡ ϩⲓⲱⲧϥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉ̀ⲥⲉ̀ⲓ̀ ⲉ̀ⲡ̀ϣⲱⲓ ⲛ̀ϫⲉ ⲧⲉϥϧⲁⲉ̀ ⲛ̀ⲫ̀ⲣⲏϯ ⲛ̀ⲟⲩⲓⲁⲣⲟ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ ⲭⲏⲙⲓ.	Ouoh p̀ċois f̀nouti pipantokratōr fyetċinem p̀kahi ouoh afθ̀ro m̀mof èkim ouoh evèerhyvi ǹje nytyrou etṡop hiōtf ouoh èsèì èp̀ṡōi ǹje tefxaè ǹf̀ryti ǹouiaro ǹte kymi.	And the Lord, the Lord God Almighty, is he that takes hold of the land, and causes it to shake, and all that inhabit it shall mourn; and its destruction shall go up as a river, and shall descend as the river of Egypt.
9:6	ⲫⲏⲉⲧⲕⲱⲧ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉϥⲁ̀ⲛⲁⲃⲁⲥⲓⲥ ϣⲁⲉ̀ϧ̀ⲣⲏⲓ ⲉ̀ⲧ̀ⲫⲉ ⲧⲉϥⲉ̀ⲡⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲓⲁ̀ ⲁϥϩⲓⲥⲉⲛϯ ⲙ̀ⲙⲟⲥ ϩⲓϫⲉⲛⲡ̀ⲕⲁϩⲓ ⲫⲏⲉⲑⲙⲟⲩϯ ⲟⲩⲃⲉ ⲡⲓⲙⲱⲟⲩ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲫ̀ⲓⲟⲙ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ϥ̀ϫⲱϣ ⲙ̀ⲙⲟϥ ϩⲓϫⲉⲛⲡ̀ϩⲟ ⲙ̀ⲡ̀ⲕⲁϩⲓ ⲧⲏⲣϥ ⲡϭ̅ⲥ̅ ⲫϯ ⲡⲓⲡⲁⲛⲧⲟⲕⲣⲁⲧⲱⲣ ⲡⲉ ⲡⲉϥⲣⲁⲛ .	Ⲫⲏⲉⲧⲕⲱⲧ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉϥⲁ̀ⲛⲁⲃⲁⲥⲓⲥ ϣⲁⲉ̀ϧ̀ⲣⲏⲓ ⲉ̀ⲧ̀ⲫⲉ ⲧⲉϥⲉ̀ⲡⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲓⲁ̀ ⲁϥϩⲓⲥⲉⲛϯ ⲙ̀ⲙⲟⲥ ϩⲓϫⲉⲛ ⲡ̀ⲕⲁϩⲓ ⲫⲏⲉⲑⲙⲟⲩϯ ⲟⲩⲃⲉ ⲡⲓⲙⲱⲟⲩ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ ⲫ̀ⲓⲟⲙ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ϥ̀ϫⲱϣ ⲙ̀ⲙⲟϥ ϩⲓϫⲉⲛ ⲡ̀ϩⲟ ⲛ̀ⲡ̀ⲕⲁϩⲓ ⲧⲏⲣϥ ⲡ̀ϭⲟⲓⲥ ⲫ̀ⲛⲟⲩϯ ⲡⲓⲡⲁⲛⲧⲟⲕⲣⲁⲧⲱⲣ ⲡⲉ ⲡⲉϥⲣⲁⲛ.	Fyetkōt ǹtefànabasis ṡaèx̀ryi èt̀fe tefèpangelià afhisenti m̀mos hijen p̀kahi fyeθmouti ouve pimōou ǹte f̀iom ouoh f̀gōṡ m̀mof hijen p̀ho ǹp̀kahi tyrf p̀ċois f̀nouti pipantokratōr pe pefran.	It is he that builds his ascent up to the sky, and establishes his promise on the earth; who calls the water of the sea, and pours it out on the face of the earth; the Lord Almighty is his name.
9:7	ⲙ̀ⲫ̀ⲣⲏϯ ⲁⲛ ⲛ̀ⲛⲓϣⲏⲣⲓ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲛⲓⲉⲑⲁⲩϣ ⲛ̀ⲑⲱⲧⲉⲛ ⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲟⲡ ⲛⲏⲓ ϧⲁⲛⲉⲛϣⲏⲣⲓ ⲙ̀ⲡⲓ̅ⲥ̅ⲗ̅ ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡϭ̅ⲥ̅ ⲙⲏ ⲛⲉⲧⲁⲓⲉ̀ⲛ ⲡⲓ̅ⲥ̅ⲗ̅ ⲁⲛ ⲉ̀ϩ̀ⲣⲏⲓ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗϧⲉⲛ ⲡ̀ⲕⲁϩⲓ ⲛ̀ⲭⲏⲙⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲓⲁⲗⲗⲟⲫⲩⲗⲟⲥ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗϧⲉⲛ ϯⲕⲁⲡⲡⲁⲇⲟⲕⲓⲁ̀ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲓⲥⲩⲣⲟⲥ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗϧⲉⲛ ϯⲕⲩⲣⲓⲛⲛⲏ .	Ⲛ̀ⲫ̀ⲣⲏϯ ⲁⲛ ⲛ̀ⲛⲓϣⲏⲣⲓ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ ⲛⲓⲉⲑⲁⲩϣ ⲛ̀ⲑⲱⲧⲉⲛ ⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲟⲡ ⲛⲏⲓ ϧⲁ ⲛⲉⲛϣⲏⲣⲓ ⲛ̀ⲡⲓⲥⲣⲁⲏⲗ ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡ̀ϭⲟⲓⲥ ⲙⲏ ⲛ̀ⲉⲧⲁⲓⲉ̀ⲛ ⲡⲓⲥⲣⲁⲏⲗ ⲁⲛ ⲉ̀ϩ̀ⲣⲏⲓ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡ̀ⲕⲁϩⲓ ⲛ̀ⲭⲏⲙⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲓⲁⲗⲗⲟⲫⲩⲗⲟⲥ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ ϧⲉⲛ ϯⲕⲁⲡⲡⲁⲇⲟⲕⲓⲁ̀ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲓⲥⲩⲣⲟⲥ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ ϧⲉⲛ ϯⲕⲩⲣⲓⲛⲛⲏ.	Ǹf̀ryti an ǹniṡyri ǹte nieθavṡ ǹθōten tetenṡop nyi xa nenṡyri ǹpisrayl peje p̀ċois my ǹetaièn pisrayl an èh̀ryi èvol xen p̀kahi ǹkymi ouoh niallofilos èvol xen tikappadokià ouoh nisiros èvol xen tikirinny.	Are not ye to me as the sons of the Ethiopians, O children of Israel? saith the Lord. Did I not bring Israel up out of the land of Egypt, and the Philistines from Cappadocia, and the Syrians out of the deep?
9:8	ϩⲏⲡⲡⲉ ⲓⲥ ⲛⲉⲛⲃⲁⲗ ⲙ̀ⲡϭ̅ⲥ̅ ⲫϯ ⲉ̀ϫⲉⲛⲑ̀ⲙⲉⲧⲟⲩⲣⲟ ⲛ̀ⲛⲓⲣⲉϥⲉⲣⲛⲟⲃⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ϥ̀ⲛⲁϥⲟⲧⲥ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲓϫⲉⲛⲡ̀ϩⲟ ⲙ̀ⲡ̀ⲕⲁϩⲓ ⲡ̀ⲗⲏⲛ ϯⲛⲁϥⲱϯ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ ⲁⲛ ⲙ̀ⲡ̀ⲏⲓ ⲛ̀ⲓⲁⲕⲱⲃ ϣⲁⲉ̀ⲛⲉϩ ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡϭ̅ⲥ̅ .	Ϩⲏⲡⲡⲉ ⲓⲥ ⲛⲉⲛⲃⲁⲗ ⲛ̀ⲡ̀ϭⲟⲓⲥ ⲫ̀ⲛⲟⲩϯ ⲉ̀ϫⲉⲛ ⲑ̀ⲙⲉⲧⲟⲩⲣⲟ ⲛ̀ⲛⲓⲣⲉϥⲉⲣⲛⲟⲃⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ϥ̀ⲛⲁϥⲟⲧⲥ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲓϫⲉⲛ ⲡ̀ϩⲟ ⲛ̀ⲡ̀ⲕⲁϩⲓ ⲡ̀ⲗⲏⲛ ϯⲛⲁϥⲱϯ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ ⲁⲛ ⲛ̀ⲡ̀ⲏⲓ ⲛ̀ⲓⲁⲕⲱⲃ ϣⲁ ⲉ̀ⲛⲉϩ ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡ̀ϭⲟⲓⲥ.	Hyppe is nenval ǹp̀ċois f̀nouti èjen θ̀metouro ǹnirefernovi ouoh f̀nafots èvol hijen p̀ho ǹp̀kahi p̀lyn tinafōti èvol an ǹp̀yi ǹiakōb ṡa èneh peje p̀ċois.	Behold, the eyes of the Lord God are upon the kingdom of sinners, and I will cut it off from the face of the earth; only I will not utterly cut off the house of Jacob, saith the Lord.
9:9	ϫⲉⲟⲩⲏⲓ ϩⲏⲡⲡⲉ ⲁ̀ⲛⲟⲕ ϯⲛⲁϩⲟⲛϩⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ϯⲛⲁⲥⲱⲣ ⲙ̀ⲡ̀ⲏⲓ ⲙ̀ⲡⲓ̅ⲥ̅ⲗ̅ ϧⲉⲛⲛⲓⲉⲑⲛⲟⲥ ⲙ̀ⲫ̀ⲣⲏϯ ⲉ̀ϣⲁⲩϣⲱϣ ϧⲉⲛⲡⲓⲙⲁⲛϭⲁⲗⲉ ⲛ̀ϣⲱϣ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛ̀ⲛⲉϥϩⲉⲓ ⲛ̀ϫⲉⲟⲩϧⲟⲙϧⲉⲙ ⲉ̀ϫⲉⲛⲡ̀ⲕⲁϩⲓ .	Ϫⲉ ⲟⲩⲏⲓ ϩⲏⲡⲡⲉ ⲁ̀ⲛⲟⲕ ϯⲛⲁϩⲟⲛϩⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ϯⲛⲁⲥⲱⲣ ⲛ̀ⲡ̀ⲏⲓ ⲛ̀ⲡⲓⲥⲣⲁⲏⲗ ϧⲉⲛ ⲛⲓⲉⲑⲛⲟⲥ ⲛ̀ⲫ̀ⲣⲏϯ ⲉ̀ϣⲁⲩϣⲱϣ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲓⲙⲁⲛϭⲁⲗⲉ ⲛ̀ϣⲱϣ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛ̀ⲛⲉϥϩⲉⲓ ⲛ̀ϫⲉ ⲟⲩϧⲟⲙϧⲉⲙ ⲉ̀ϫⲉⲛ ⲡ̀ⲕⲁϩⲓ.	Je ouyi hyppe ànok tinahonhen ouoh tinasōr ǹp̀yi ǹpisrayl xen nieθnos ǹf̀ryti èṡavṡōṡ xen pimanċale ǹṡōṡ ouoh ǹnefhei ǹje ouxomxem èjen p̀kahi.	For I will give commandment, and sift the house of Israel among all the Gentiles, as corn is sifted in a sieve, and yet a fragment shall not in any wise fall upon the earth.
9:10	ⲉⲩⲉ̀ⲙⲟⲩ ⲛ̀ⲧ̀ⲥⲏϥⲓ ⲛ̀ϫⲉⲛⲓⲣⲉϥⲉⲣⲛⲟⲃⲓ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲡⲓⲗⲁⲟⲥ ⲛⲏⲉⲧϫⲱ ⲙ̀ⲙⲟⲥ ϫⲉⲛ̀ⲛⲟⲩϧⲱⲛⲧ ⲟⲩⲇⲉ ⲛ̀ⲛⲟⲩϣⲱⲡⲓ ϩⲓϫⲱⲛ ⲛ̀ϫⲉⲛⲓⲡⲉⲧϩⲱⲟⲩ .	Ⲉⲩⲉ̀ⲙⲟⲩ ⲛ̀ⲧ̀ⲥⲏϥⲓ ⲛ̀ϫⲉ ⲛⲓⲣⲉϥⲉⲣⲛⲟⲃⲓ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ ⲡⲓⲗⲁⲟⲥ ⲛⲏⲉⲧϫⲱ ⲙ̀ⲙⲟⲥ ϫⲉ ⲛ̀ⲛⲟⲩ ϧⲱⲛⲧ ⲟⲩⲇⲉ ⲛ̀ⲛⲟⲩϣⲱⲡⲓ ϩⲓϫⲱⲛ ⲛ̀ϫⲉ ⲛⲓⲡⲉⲧϩⲱⲟⲩ.	Evèmou ǹt̀syfi ǹje nirefernovi tyrou ǹte pilaos nyetgō m̀mos je ǹnou xōnt ouḋe ǹnouṡōpi higōn ǹje nipet·hōou.	All the sinners of my people shall die by the sword, who say, Calamities shall certainly not draw near, nor come upon us.
9:11	ϧⲉⲛⲡⲓⲉ̀ϩⲟⲟⲩ ⲉⲧⲉⲙ̀ⲙⲁⲩ ϯⲛⲁⲧⲟⲩⲛⲟⲥ ϯⲥⲕⲩⲛⲏ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲇⲁⲩⲓⲇ ⲑⲏⲉⲧⲁⲥϩⲉⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲏⲉⲧⲁⲩϩⲉⲓ ⲛ̀ⲧⲁⲥ ϯⲛⲁⲕⲟⲧⲟⲩ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲏⲉⲧⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱϫⲡ ⲛ̀ⲧⲁⲥ ϯⲛⲁⲧⲁϩⲱⲟⲩ ⲉ̀ⲣⲁⲧⲟⲩⲟⲩⲟϩ ϯⲛⲁⲕⲟⲧⲥ ⲙ̀ⲫ̀ⲣⲏϯ ⲛ̀ⲛⲓⲉ̀ϩⲟⲟⲩ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲡ̀ⲉ̀ⲛⲉϩ .	Ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲓⲉ̀ϩⲟⲟⲩ ⲉ̀ⲧⲉ ⲙ̀ⲙⲁⲩ ϯⲛⲁⲧⲟⲩⲛⲟⲥ ϯⲥ̀ⲕⲩⲛⲏ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ ⲇⲁⲩⲓⲇ ⲑⲏⲉⲧⲁⲥϩⲉⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲏⲉⲧⲁⲩϩⲉⲓ ⲛ̀ⲧⲁⲥ ϯⲛⲁⲕⲟⲧⲟⲩ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲏⲉⲧⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱϫⲡ ⲛ̀ⲧⲁⲥ ϯⲛⲁⲧⲁϩⲱⲟⲩ ⲉ̀ⲣⲁⲧⲟⲩ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ϯⲛⲁⲕⲟⲧⲥ ⲛ̀ⲫ̀ⲣⲏϯ ⲛ̀ⲛⲓⲉ̀ϩⲟⲟⲩ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ ⲡ̀ⲉ̀ⲛⲉϩ.	Xen pièhoou ète m̀mav tinatounos tis̀kiny ǹte david θyetas·hei ouoh nyetavhei ǹtas tinakotou ouoh nyetavouōgp ǹtas tinatahōou èratou ouoh tinakots ǹf̀ryti ǹnièhoou ǹte p̀èneh.	In that day I will raise up the tabernacle of David that is fallen, and will rebuild the ruins of it, and will set up the parts thereof that have been broken down, and will build it up as in the ancient days:
9:12	ϩⲟⲡⲱⲥ ⲛ̀ⲥⲉⲕⲱϯ ⲛ̀ⲥⲱⲓ ⲛ̀ϫⲉⲡ̀ⲥⲱϫⲡ ⲛ̀ⲛⲓⲣⲱⲙⲓ ⲛⲉⲙⲛⲓⲉⲑⲛⲟⲥ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ ⲛⲏⲉⲧⲁⲩⲙⲟⲩϯ ⲉ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲁⲛ ⲉ̀ϩ̀ⲉⲣⲏⲓ ⲉ̀ϫⲱⲟⲩ ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡϭ̅ⲥ̅ ⲫϯ ⲫⲏⲉⲧⲓ̀ⲣⲓ ⲛ̀ⲛⲁⲓ .	Ϩⲟⲡⲱⲥ ⲛ̀ⲧⲟⲩⲕⲱϯ ⲛ̀ⲥⲱⲓ ⲛ̀ϫⲉ ⲡ̀ⲥⲱϫⲡ ⲛ̀ⲛⲓⲣⲱⲙⲓ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲛⲓⲉⲑⲛⲟⲥ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ ⲛⲏⲉⲧⲁⲩⲙⲟⲩϯ ⲉ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲁⲛ ⲉ̀ϩ̀ⲉⲣⲏⲓ ⲉ̀ϫⲱⲟⲩ ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡ̀ϭⲟⲓⲥ ⲫ̀ⲛⲟⲩϯ ⲫⲏⲉⲧⲓ̀ⲣⲓ ⲛ̀ⲛⲁⲓ.	Hopōs ǹtoukōti ǹsōi ǹje p̀·sōgp ǹnirōmi nem nieθnos tyrou nyetavmouti èparan èh̀eryi ègōou peje p̀ċois f̀nouti fyetìri ǹnai.	that the remnant of men, and all the Gentiles upon whom my name is called, may earnestly seek me, saith the Lord who does all these things.
9:13	ϩⲏⲡⲡⲉ ⲟⲩⲟⲛ ϩⲁⲛⲉ̀ϩⲟⲟⲩ ⲥⲉⲛⲏⲟⲩ ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡϭ̅ⲥ̅ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲣⲉⲡⲓϩⲓ ⲧⲁϩⲉ ⲡⲓϭⲱⲗ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲣⲉϯⲃⲱ ⲛ̀ⲁ̀ⲗⲟⲗⲓ ⲫⲓⲣⲓ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲓⲥⲓϯ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲓⲧⲱⲟⲩ ⲉⲩⲉ̀ϭⲗⲏ ⲉ̀ⲡⲉⲥⲏⲧ ⲛ̀ⲟⲩϩⲗⲏϫ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲓⲕⲁⲗⲁⲙⲫⲟ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ ⲉⲩⲉ̀ⲣⲱⲧ ⲛ̀ϣ̀ϣⲏⲛ .	Ϩⲏⲡⲡⲉ ⲟⲩⲟⲛ ϩⲁ ⲛ̀ⲉ̀ϩⲟⲟⲩ ⲥⲉⲛⲏⲟⲩ ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡ̀ϭⲟⲓⲥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉ̀ⲣⲉ ⲡⲓϩⲓ ⲧⲁϩⲉ ⲡⲓϭⲱⲗ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉ̀ⲣⲉ ϯⲃⲱ ⲛ̀ⲁ̀ⲗⲟⲗⲓ ⲫⲓⲣⲓ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲓⲥⲓϯ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲓⲧⲱⲟⲩ ⲉⲩⲉ̀ϭⲗⲏ ⲉ̀ⲡⲉⲥⲏⲧ ⲛ̀ⲟⲩϩⲗⲏϫ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲓⲕⲁⲗⲁⲙⲫⲟ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ ⲉⲩⲉ̀ⲣⲱⲧ ⲛ̀ϣ̀ϣⲏⲛ.	Hyppe ouon ha ǹèhoou senyou peje p̀ċois ouoh ère pihi tahe piċōl ouoh ère tivō ǹàloli firi èvol xen pisiti ouoh nitōou evèċly èpesyt ǹouhlyg ouoh nikalamfo tyrou evèrōt ǹṡ̀ṡyn.	Behold, the days come, saith the Lord, when the harvest shall overtake the vintage, and the grapes shall ripen at seedtime; and the mountains shall drop sweet wine, and all the hills shall be planted.
9:14	ⲟⲩⲟϩ ϯⲛⲁⲧⲁⲥⲑⲟ ⲛ̀ϯⲉⲭⲙⲁⲗⲱⲥⲓⲁ̀ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲡⲁⲗⲁⲟⲥ ⲡⲓ̅ⲥ̅ⲗ̅ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲩⲉ̀ⲕⲱⲧ ⲛ̀ⲛⲓⲃⲁⲕⲓ ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲧⲁⲕⲟ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲩⲉ̀ϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲛ̀ϧⲏⲧⲟⲩ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲩⲉ̀ϭⲟ ⲛ̀ϩⲁⲛⲓⲁϩⲁ̀ⲗⲟⲗⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲩⲉ̀ⲥⲱ ⲙ̀ⲡⲟⲩⲏⲣⲡ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲩⲉ̀ⲧⲱϫⲓ ⲛ̀ϩⲁⲛϭⲱⲙ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲩⲉ̀ⲟⲩⲱⲙ ⲛ̀ⲛⲟⲩⲟⲩⲧⲁϩ .	Ⲟⲩⲟϩ ϯⲛⲁⲧⲁⲥⲑⲟ ⲛ̀ϯⲉⲭⲙⲁⲗⲱⲥⲓⲁ̀ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ ⲡⲁⲗⲁⲟⲥ ⲡⲓⲥⲣⲁⲏⲗ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲩⲉ̀ⲕⲱⲧ ⲛ̀ⲛⲓⲃⲁⲕⲓ ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲧⲁⲕⲟ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲩⲉ̀ϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲛ̀ϧⲏⲧⲟⲩ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲩⲉ̀ϭⲟ ⲛ̀ϩⲁⲛⲓⲁϩⲁ̀ⲗⲟⲗⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲩⲉ̀ⲥⲱ ⲛ̀ⲡⲟⲩⲏⲣⲡ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲩⲉ̀ⲧⲱϫⲓ ⲛ̀ϩⲁⲛϭⲱⲙ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲩⲉ̀ⲟⲩⲱⲙ ⲛ̀ⲛⲟⲩⲟⲩⲧⲁϩ.	Ouoh tinatasθo ǹtiexmalōsià ǹte palaos pisrayl ouoh evèkōt ǹnivaki etavtako ouoh evèṡōpi ǹxytou ouoh evèċo ǹhaniahàloli ouoh evèsō ǹpouyrp ouoh evètōji ǹhanċōm ouoh evèouōm ǹnououtah.	And I will turn the captivity of my people Israel, and they shall rebuild the ruined cities, and shall inhabit them; and they shall plant vineyards, and shall drink the wine from them; and they shall form gardens, and eat the fruit of them.
9:15	ⲟⲩⲟϩ ϯⲛⲁϫⲟⲧⲟⲩ ϩⲓϫⲉⲛⲡⲟⲩⲕⲁϩⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛ̀ⲭⲱⲗⲉⲙ ⲁⲩϫⲟⲩϫⲉ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲓϫⲉⲛⲡⲓⲕⲁϩⲓ ⲫⲏⲉⲧⲁⲓⲧⲏⲓϥ ⲛⲱⲟⲩ ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡϭ̅ⲥ̅ ⲫϯ ⲡⲓⲡⲁⲛⲧⲟⲕⲣⲁⲧⲱⲣ .	Ⲟⲩⲟϩ ϯⲛⲁϫⲟⲧⲟⲩ ϩⲓϫⲉⲛ ⲡⲟⲩⲕⲁϩⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛ̀ⲭⲱⲗⲉⲙ ⲁⲩϫⲟⲩϫⲉ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲓϫⲉⲛ ⲡⲓⲕⲁϩⲓ ⲫⲏⲉⲧⲁⲓⲧⲏⲓϥ ⲛⲱⲟⲩ ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡ̀ϭⲟⲓⲥ ⲫ̀ⲛⲟⲩϯ ⲡⲓⲡⲁⲛⲧⲟⲕⲣⲁⲧⲱⲣ.	Ouoh tinagotou hijen poukahi ouoh ǹkōlem avgouje èvol hijen pikahi fyetaityif nōou peje p̀ċois f̀nouti pipantokratōr.	And I will plant them on their land, and they shall no more be plucked up from the land which I have given them, saith the Lord God Almighty.

Provenance

title: Amos 9
dialect: bohairic
source: Coptic SCRIPTORIUM corpus "bohairic.ot", document 30_Amos_09
licence: CC-BY-SA 4.0 (meta.json "CC-BY-SA"; TEI header says CC-BY 4.0 — conflict, stricter kept; LICENCES.md Q-15)
share: attribution
attribution: Amos 9 from Coptic SCRIPTORIUM (https://copticscriptorium.org), corpus bohairic.ot, document 30_Amos_09, version 6.1.0 (2025-06-30), annotations by Frank Feder, So Miyagawa, Elizabeth Platte, Caroline T. Schroeder, Amir Zeldes; source edition Crosswire, CoptOT. Licensed CC BY-SA 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/); this derivative is released under the same licence. Marcion project, Hany Takla. Layers L1/L2 are modified: re-spelled (Cairene) / transliterated (Kemetic) by the Kemetic project, Yousef Hanna 2026.
annotation: segmentation automatic · tagging automatic · parsing automatic (SCRIPTORIUM meta.json; document version 6.1.0, 2025-06-30)
file: Bible/Old Testament/Amos/09.bohairic.scriptorium.L0.txt
title: Amos 9 — Cairene
dialect: bohairic
source: generated from 09.bohairic.scriptorium.L0.txt (Coptic SCRIPTORIUM corpus "bohairic.ot", document 30_Amos_09)
licence: CC BY-SA 4.0
share: attribution
attribution: Amos 9 from Coptic SCRIPTORIUM (https://copticscriptorium.org), corpus bohairic.ot, document 30_Amos_09, version 6.1.0 (2025-06-30), annotations by Frank Feder, So Miyagawa, Elizabeth Platte, Caroline T. Schroeder, Amir Zeldes; source edition Crosswire, CoptOT. Licensed CC BY-SA 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/); this derivative is released under the same licence. Marcion project, Hany Takla. Layers L1/L2 are modified: re-spelled (Cairene) / transliterated (Kemetic) by the Kemetic project, Yousef Hanna 2026.
generated by: tools/cairene.py from_witness on the L0 text (L1 = Cairene(N(L0)), RI-038 2026-09-16; RI-029 2026-09-11; DECISIONS.md 2026-09-09: punctuation O-6, jinkim O-3; segmentation-aware jinkim + spelling verdicts from the witness-aligned CoNLL-U segmentation, C3b; 2026-09-09 evening rulings: word division church, "until" base ϣⲁⲧⲉ-, nomina sacra ⲓ̅ⲥ̅/ⲡⲉⲭ︦ⲥ︦/Ⲑⲥ̅/Ⲩⲥ̅ expanded; numerals and abbreviations resolved by the normalization stage)
file: Bible/Old Testament/Amos/09.bohairic.scriptorium.L1.txt
title: Amos 9 — Kemetic
dialect: bohairic
source: generated from 09.bohairic.scriptorium.L1.txt
licence: CC BY-SA 4.0
share: attribution
attribution: Amos 9 from Coptic SCRIPTORIUM (https://copticscriptorium.org), corpus bohairic.ot, document 30_Amos_09, version 6.1.0 (2025-06-30), annotations by Frank Feder, So Miyagawa, Elizabeth Platte, Caroline T. Schroeder, Amir Zeldes; source edition Crosswire, CoptOT. Licensed CC BY-SA 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/); this derivative is released under the same licence. Marcion project, Hany Takla. Layers L1/L2 are modified: re-spelled (Cairene) / transliterated (Kemetic) by the Kemetic project, Yousef Hanna 2026.
generated by: tools/coptic_to_kemetic.py convert() on the L1 text (letter rules of DECISIONS.md 2026-09-08)
file: Bible/Old Testament/Amos/09.bohairic.scriptorium.L2.txt
what it is: DRAFT English. Not a published translation: `existing` rows quote an aligned translation named in `basis`; `llm` rows are a language-model best guess from the dictionary gloss and context (Yousef asked for them, 2026-09-27; to be corrected later); check the source text before relying on any of it.
lines: 15 quoted · 0 quoted with the alignment not cross-checked · 0 model drafts (marked “draft”)
quoted from: Brenton's Septuagint (1851) — aligned in Coptic SCRIPTORIUM bohairic.ot, 30_Amos_09 (15 lines)

Cite as:

Amos 9. Coptic SCRIPTORIUM corpus "bohairic.ot", document 30_Amos_09. Layers as published by the Kemetic project (Yousef Hanna), 2026: Coptic · Cairene · Kemetic, /doc/bible/old-testament/amos/09.bohairic.scriptorium/. Amos 9 from Coptic SCRIPTORIUM (https://copticscriptorium.org), corpus bohairic.ot, document 30_Amos_09, version 6.1.0 (2025-06-30), annotations by Frank Feder, So Miyagawa, Elizabeth Platte, Caroline T. Schroeder, Amir Zeldes; source edition Crosswire, CoptOT. Licensed CC BY-SA 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/); this derivative is released under the same licence. Marcion project, Hany Takla. Layers L1/L2 are modified: re-spelled (Cairene) / transliterated (Kemetic) by the Kemetic project, Yousef Hanna 2026.

What the layers are

L0 witness
The text as its witness or edition has it, original spelling; its dialect is a description and is never standardized.

L0.5 transliteration
For Egyptian texts: the transliteration with the editors' marks turned into the symbols ° * < > _ ^ (ruled 2026-09-10). For papyri: the edition's Leiden marks as the same symbols, and the editors' readings beside the scribe's as ‹scribe→editors› (ruled PAP-3).

L1 Cairene
Standardized Greco-Bohairic spelling and grammar, generated by code from the layer above under the rulings of the project.

L2 Kemetic
The Kemetic alphabet, generated by code from L1.

English
Quoted translations where they exist, credited; otherwise model drafts, marked as drafts.