Exodus 1 — Coptic · Cairene

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Source: Coptic SCRIPTORIUM corpus "bohairic.ot", document 02_Exodus_01

Attribution: Exodus 1 from Coptic SCRIPTORIUM (https://copticscriptorium.org), corpus bohairic.ot, document 02_Exodus_01, version 6.1.0 (2025-06-30), annotations by Frank Feder, So Miyagawa, Elizabeth Platte, Caroline T. Schroeder, Amir Zeldes; source edition Crosswire, CoptOT. Licensed CC BY-SA 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/); this derivative is released under the same licence. Marcion project, Hany Takla. Layers L1/L2 are modified: re-spelled (Cairene) / transliterated (Kemetic) by the Kemetic project, Yousef Hanna 2026.

Licence: CC-BY-SA 4.0 (meta.json "CC-BY-SA"; TEI header says CC-BY 4.0 — conflict, stricter kept; LICENCES.md Q-15)

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0

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The text

22 lines · a line number is a link to itself

English: quoted translations are shown as they are, with their credit in the provenance; lines marked draft are language-model drafts made for this project (to be corrected), and alignment unchecked marks a quoted verse whose placement was not cross-checked. Check the Coptic before relying on any English line.

ref	L0 witness	L1 Cairene	L2 Kemetic	English
1:1	ⲛⲁⲓ ⲛⲉ ⲛⲓⲣⲁⲛ ⲛⲧⲉⲛⲉⲛϣⲏⲣⲓ ⲙⲡⲓⲥⲣⲁⲏⲗ ⲛⲏ ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲓ ⲉϧⲣⲏⲓ ⲉⲭⲏⲙⲓ ⲉⲩⲥⲟⲡ ⲛⲉⲙⲓⲁⲕⲱⲃ ⲡⲟⲩⲓⲱⲧ ⲡⲓⲟⲩⲁⲓ ⲡⲓⲟⲩⲁⲓ ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲟⲩⲏⲓ ⲧⲏⲣϥ	ⲛⲁⲓ ⲛⲉ ⲛⲓⲣⲁⲛ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ ⲛⲉⲛϣⲏⲣⲓ ⲛ̀ⲡⲓⲥⲣⲁⲏⲗ ⲛⲏ ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲓ̀ ⲉ̀ϧ̀ⲣⲏⲓ ⲉ̀ⲭⲏⲙⲓ ⲉⲩⲥⲟⲡ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲓⲁⲕⲱⲃ ⲡⲟⲩⲓⲱⲧ ⲡⲓⲟⲩⲁⲓ ⲡⲓⲟⲩⲁⲓ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲡⲟⲩⲏⲓ ⲧⲏⲣϥ	nai ne niran ǹte nenṡyri ǹpisrayl ny etavì èx̀ryi èkymi evsop nem iakōb pouiōt piouai piouai nem pouyi tyrf	These are the names of the sons of Israel that came into Egypt together with Jacob their father; they came in each with their whole family.
1:2	ⲣⲟⲩⲃⲏⲛ ⲥⲩⲙⲉⲱⲛ ⲗⲉⲩⲓ ⲓⲟⲩⲇⲁⲥ	ⲣⲟⲩⲃⲏⲛ ⲥⲩⲙⲉⲱⲛ ⲗⲉⲩⲓ ⲓⲟⲩⲇⲁⲥ	rouvyn simeōn levi ioudas	Ruben, Simeon, Levi, Judas,
1:3	ⲓⲍⲁⲭⲁⲣ ⲍⲁⲃⲁⲗⲱⲛ	ⲓⲍⲁⲭⲁⲣ ⲍⲁⲃⲁⲗⲱⲛ	izakar zabalōn	Issachar, Zabulon, Benjamin,
1:4	ⲇⲁⲛ ⲛⲉⲫⲑⲁⲗⲓⲙ ⲅⲁⲇ ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲥⲏⲣ ⲛⲉⲙⲃⲉⲛⲓⲁⲙⲓⲛ	ⲇ ⲁⲛ ⲛⲉⲫⲑⲁⲗⲓⲙ ⲅⲁⲇ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲁⲥⲏⲣ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲃⲉⲛⲓⲁⲙⲓⲛ	ḋ an nefθalim ġad nem asyr nem beniamin	Dan and Nephthalim, Gad and Aser.
1:5	ⲓⲱⲥⲏⲫ ⲇⲉ ⲛⲁϥⲭⲏ ϧⲉⲛⲭⲏⲙⲓ ⲡⲉ ⲛⲓⲯⲩⲭⲏ ⲇⲉ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲓ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ϧⲉⲛⲓⲁⲕⲱⲃ ⲟ̅ⲉ̅ ⲛⲉ	ⲓⲱⲥⲏⲫ ⲇⲉ ⲛⲁϥⲭⲏ ϧⲉⲛ ⲭⲏⲙⲓ ⲡⲉ ⲛⲓⲯⲩⲭⲏ ⲇⲉ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲓ̀ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ ϧⲉⲛ ⲓⲁⲕⲱⲃ 75 ⲛⲉ	iōsyf ḋe nafky xen kymi pe nipsiṡy ḋe tyrou etavì èvol xen iakōb 75 ne	But Joseph was in Egypt. And all the souls born of Jacob were seventy-five.
1:6	ⲁϥⲙⲟⲩ ⲇⲉ ⲛϫⲉⲓⲱⲥⲏⲫ ⲛⲉⲙⲛⲉϥⲥⲛⲏⲟⲩ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲓϫⲱⲟⲩ ⲧⲏⲣϥ ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲙⲁⲩ	ⲁϥⲙⲟⲩ ⲇⲉ ⲛ̀ϫⲉ ⲓⲱⲥⲏⲫ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲛⲉϥⲥ̀ⲛⲏⲟⲩ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲡⲓϫⲱⲟⲩ ⲧⲏⲣϥ ⲉ̀ⲧⲉ ⲙ̀ⲙⲁⲩ	afmou ḋe ǹje iōsyf nem nefs̀nyou tyrou nem pigōou tyrf ète m̀mav	And Joseph died, and all his brethren, and all that generation.
1:7	ⲛⲉⲛϣⲏⲣⲓ ⲇⲉ ⲙⲡⲓⲥⲣⲁⲏⲗ ⲁⲩⲁⲓⲁⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁⲩⲁϣⲁⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁⲩⲫⲟⲛⲡⲉⲛ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁⲩϫⲉⲙⲛⲟⲙϯ ⲉⲙⲁϣⲱ ⲉⲙⲁϣⲱ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁ ⲡⲕⲁϩⲓ ⲙⲟϩ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲙⲙⲱⲟⲩ	ⲛⲉⲛϣⲏⲣⲓ ⲇⲉ ⲛ̀ⲡⲓⲥⲣⲁⲏⲗ ⲁⲩⲁⲓⲁⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁⲩⲁ̀ϣⲁⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁⲩⲫⲟⲛⲡⲉⲛ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁⲩϫⲉⲙⲛⲟⲙϯ ⲉ̀ⲙⲁϣⲱ ⲉ̀ⲙⲁϣⲱ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁ ⲡ̀ⲕⲁϩⲓ ⲙⲟϩ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ ⲙ̀ⲙⲱⲟⲩ	nenṡyri ḋe ǹpisrayl avaiai ouoh avàṡai ouoh avfonpen èvol ouoh avjemnomti èmaṡō èmaṡō ouoh a p̀kahi moh èvol m̀mōou	And the children of Israel increased and multiplied, and became numerous and grew exceedingly strong, and the land multiplied them.
1:8	ⲁϥⲧⲱⲛϥ ⲛϫⲉⲕⲉⲟⲩⲣⲟ ⲉϫⲉⲛⲭⲏⲙⲓ ⲫⲏ ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲁϥⲥⲱⲟⲩⲛ ⲓⲱⲥⲏⲫ ⲁⲛ ⲡⲉ	ⲁϥⲧⲱⲛϥ ⲛ̀ϫⲉ ⲕⲉⲟⲩⲣⲟ ⲉ̀ϫⲉⲛ ⲭⲏⲙⲓ ⲫⲏ ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲁϥⲥⲱⲟⲩⲛ ⲓⲱⲥⲏⲫ ⲁⲛ ⲡⲉ	aftōnf ǹje keouro èjen kymi fy etenafsōoun iōsyf an pe	And there arose up another king over Egypt, who knew not Joseph.
1:9	ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲙⲡⲉϥⲉⲑⲛⲟⲥ ϫⲉϩⲏⲡⲡⲉ ⲓⲥ ⲡϣⲗⲟⲗ ⲛⲧⲉⲛⲉⲛϣⲏⲣⲓ ⲙⲡⲓⲥⲣⲁⲏⲗ ⲟⲩⲛⲓϣϯ ⲙⲙⲏϣ ⲡⲉ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ϥϫⲉⲙ ⲛⲟⲙϯ ⲉϩⲟⲧⲉⲣⲟⲛ	ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲛ̀ⲡⲉϥⲉⲑⲛⲟⲥ ϫⲉ ϩⲏⲡⲡⲉ ⲓⲥ ⲡ̀ϣ̀ⲗⲟⲗ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ ⲛⲉⲛϣⲏⲣⲓ ⲛ̀ⲡⲓⲥⲣⲁⲏⲗ ⲟⲩⲛⲓϣϯ ⲛ̀ⲙⲏϣ ⲡⲉ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ϥ̀ϫⲉⲙ ⲛ̀ⲟⲙϯ ⲉϩⲟⲧⲉⲣⲟⲛ	ouoh pegaf ǹpefeθnos je hyppe is p̀ṡ̀lol ǹte nenṡyri ǹpisrayl ouniṡti ǹmyṡ pe ouoh f̀jem ǹomti ehoteron	And he said to his nation, Behold, the race of the children of Israel is a great multitude, and is stronger than we:
1:10	ⲁⲙⲱⲓⲛⲓ ⲟⲩⲛ ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲛϫⲉⲙ ⲟⲩⲥⲃⲱ ⲉⲣⲱⲟⲩ ⲙⲏⲡⲟⲧⲉ ⲛⲧⲟⲩⲁϣⲁⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉϣⲱⲡ ⲁⲣⲉϣⲁⲛ ⲟⲩⲃⲱⲧⲥ ⲧⲱⲛϥ ⲉϫⲱⲛ ⲛⲁⲓ ϩⲱⲟⲩ ⲛⲁⲩϯⲧⲟⲧⲟⲩ ⲛⲉⲙⲛⲏ ⲉⲧϯ ⲟⲩⲃⲏⲛ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁⲩϣⲁⲛⲃⲱⲧⲥ ⲉⲣⲟⲛ ⲥⲉⲛⲁϣⲉⲛⲱⲟⲩ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ϧⲉⲛⲡⲉⲛⲕⲁϩⲓ	ⲁⲙⲱⲓⲛⲓ ⲟⲩⲛ ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲛϫⲉⲙ ⲟⲩⲥ̀ⲃⲱ ⲉ̀ⲣⲱⲟⲩ ⲙⲏⲡⲟⲧⲉ ⲛ̀ⲧⲟⲩⲁ̀ϣⲁⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉϣⲱⲡ ⲁⲣⲉϣⲁⲛ ⲟⲩⲃⲱⲧⲥ ⲧⲱⲛϥ ⲉ̀ϫⲱⲛ ⲛⲁⲓ ϩⲱⲟⲩ ⲛⲁⲩϯⲧⲟⲧⲟⲩ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲛⲏ ⲉⲧϯ ⲟⲩⲃⲏⲛ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁⲩϣⲁⲛⲃⲱⲧⲥ ⲉ̀ⲣⲟⲛ ⲥⲉⲛⲁϣⲉⲛⲱⲟⲩ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲉⲛⲕⲁϩⲓ	amōini oun marenjem ous̀vō èrōou mypote ǹtouàṡai ouoh eṡōp areṡan ouvōts tōnf ègōn nai hōou navtitotou nem ny etti ouvyn ouoh avṡanvōts èron senaṡenōou èvol xen penkahi	come then, let us deal craftily with them, lest at any time they be increased, and whensoever war shall happen to us, these also shall be added to our enemies, and having prevailed against us in war, they will depart out of the land.
1:11	ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁⲩⲭⲱ ⲛϩⲁⲛⲉⲡⲓⲥⲧⲁⲧⲏⲥ ⲉϧⲣⲏⲓ ⲉϫⲱⲟⲩ ⲛⲓⲣⲉϥϭⲱⲣⲉⲙ ⲛⲧⲉⲛⲓϩⲃⲏⲟⲩⲓ ϩⲓⲛⲁ ⲛⲥⲉⲧϩⲉⲙⲕⲱⲟⲩ ϧⲉⲛⲛⲓϩⲃⲏⲟⲩⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲟⲩⲕⲱⲧ ⲛϩⲁⲛⲃⲁⲕⲓ ⲉⲩϫⲟⲣ ⲙⲫⲁⲣⲁⲱ ⲡⲉⲑⲱⲙ ⲛⲉⲙⲣⲁⲙⲉⲥⲥⲏ ⲛⲉⲙⲱⲛ ⲉⲧⲉⲑⲃⲁⲕⲓ ⲙⲫⲣⲏ ⲧⲉ	ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁⲩⲭⲱ ⲛ̀ϩⲁⲛⲉⲡⲓⲥⲧⲁⲧⲏⲥ ⲉ̀ϧ̀ⲣⲏⲓ ⲉ̀ϫⲱⲟⲩ ⲛⲓⲣⲉϥϭⲱⲣⲉⲙ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ ⲛⲓϩ̀ⲃⲏⲟⲩⲓ ϩⲓⲛⲁ ⲛ̀ⲥⲉⲧϩⲉⲙⲕⲱⲟⲩ ϧⲉⲛ ⲛⲓϩ̀ⲃⲏⲟⲩⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲟⲩⲕⲱⲧ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ ϩⲁⲛⲃⲁⲕⲓ ⲉⲩϫⲟⲣ ⲛ̀ⲫⲁⲣⲁⲱ̀ ⲡⲉⲑⲱⲙ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲣⲁⲙⲉⲥⲥⲏ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲱⲛ ⲉ̀ⲧⲉⲑⲃⲁⲕⲓ ⲛ̀ⲫ̀ⲣⲏ ⲧⲉ	ouoh avkō ǹhanepistatys èx̀ryi ègōou nirefċōrem ǹte nih̀vyoui hina ǹset·hemkōou xen nih̀vyoui ouoh oukōt ǹte hanvaki evgor ǹfaraṑ peθōm nem ramessy nem ōn èteθvaki ǹf̀ry te	And he set over them task-masters, who should afflict them in their works; and they built strong cities for Pharao, both Pitho, and Ramesses, and On, which is Heliopolis.
1:12	ⲕⲁⲧⲁⲫⲣⲏϯ ⲇⲉ ⲉⲛⲁⲩⲑⲉⲃⲓⲟ ⲙⲙⲱⲟⲩ ⲛⲁⲩⲛⲏⲟⲩ ⲛⲁϣⲁⲓ ⲛϩⲟⲩⲟ ⲡⲉ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲁⲩⲛⲏⲟⲩ ⲛϫⲉⲙ ⲛⲟⲙϯ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲁⲩⲟⲓ ⲙⲃⲟϯ ⲛϫⲉⲛⲓⲣⲉⲙⲛⲭⲏⲙⲓ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲁⲡϩⲟ ⲛⲛⲉⲛϣⲏⲣⲓ ⲙⲡⲓⲥⲣⲁⲏⲗ	ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲫ̀ⲣⲏϯ ⲇⲉ ⲉⲛⲁⲩⲑⲉⲃⲓⲟ ⲙ̀ⲙⲱⲟⲩ ⲛⲁⲩⲛⲏⲟⲩ ⲛⲁϣⲁⲓ ⲛ̀ϩⲟⲩⲟ ⲡⲉ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲁⲩⲛⲏⲟⲩ ⲛ̀ϫⲉ ⲙ ⲛⲟⲙϯ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲁⲩⲟⲓ ⲛ̀ⲃⲟϯ ⲛ̀ϫⲉ ⲛⲓⲣⲉⲙⲛⲭⲏⲙⲓ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲁ ⲡ̀ϩⲟ ⲛ̀ⲛⲉⲛϣⲏⲣⲓ ⲛ̀ⲡⲓⲥⲣⲁⲏⲗ	kata f̀ryti ḋe enavθevio m̀mōou navnyou naṡai ǹhouo pe ouoh navnyou ǹje m nomti ouoh navoi ǹvoti ǹje niremnkymi èvol ha p̀ho ǹnenṡyri ǹpisrayl	But as they humbled them, by so much they multiplied, and grew exceedingly strong; and the Egyptians greatly abhorred the children of Israel.
1:13	ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲁⲣⲉⲛⲓⲣⲉⲙⲛⲭⲏⲙⲓ ϭⲉⲡϫⲱⲣⲓ ⲉϫⲉⲛⲛⲉⲛϣⲏⲣⲓ ⲙⲡⲓⲥⲣⲁⲏⲗ ϧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲙⲉⲧϭⲓⲛϫⲟⲛⲥ	ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲁⲣⲉ ⲛⲓⲣⲉⲙⲛⲭⲏⲙⲓ ϭⲉⲡ̀ϫⲱⲣⲓ ⲉ̀ϫⲉⲛ ⲛⲉⲛϣⲏⲣⲓ ⲛ̀ⲡⲓⲥⲣⲁⲏⲗ ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲙⲉⲧϭⲓⲛϫⲟⲛⲥ	ouoh nare niremnkymi ċep̀gōri èjen nenṡyri ǹpisrayl xen oumetċingons	And the Egyptians tyrannised over the children of Israel by force.
1:14	ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲁⲩⲧϩⲉⲙⲕⲟ ⲙⲡⲟⲩⲱⲛϧ ⲡⲉ ϧⲉⲛⲛⲓϩⲃⲏⲟⲩⲓ ⲉⲑⲛⲁϣⲧ ϧⲉⲛⲡⲓⲟⲙⲓ ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲓⲫⲁⲡⲉⲧⲱⲃⲓ ⲛⲉⲙⲛⲓϩⲃⲏⲟⲩⲓ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ ⲛⲏ ⲉⲧϧⲉⲛⲛⲓⲙⲉϣϣⲟϯ ⲕⲁⲧⲁϩⲱⲃ ⲛⲓⲃⲉⲛ ⲉⲛⲁⲩⲓⲣⲓ ⲙⲙⲱⲟⲩ ⲙⲃⲱⲕ ⲛϧⲏⲧⲟⲩ ϧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲙⲉⲧϭⲓⲛϫⲟⲛⲥ	ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲁⲩⲧϩⲉⲙⲕⲟ ⲛ̀ⲡⲟⲩⲱⲛϧ ⲡⲉ ϧⲉⲛ ⲛⲓϩ̀ⲃⲏⲟⲩⲓ ⲉⲑⲛⲁϣⲧ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲓⲟⲙⲓ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲡⲓⲫⲁⲡⲉⲧⲱⲃⲓ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲛⲓϩ̀ⲃⲏⲟⲩⲓ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ ⲛⲏ ⲉⲧϧⲉⲛ ⲛⲓⲙⲉϣϣⲟϯ ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ϩⲱⲃ ⲛⲓⲃⲉⲛ ⲉⲛⲁⲩⲓ̀ⲣⲓ ⲙ̀ⲙⲱⲟⲩ ⲛ̀ⲃⲱⲕ ⲛ̀ϧⲏⲧⲟⲩ ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲙⲉⲧϭⲓⲛϫⲟⲛⲥ	ouoh navt·hemko ǹpouōnx pe xen nih̀vyoui eθnaṡt xen piomi nem pifapetōvi nem nih̀vyoui tyrou ny etxen nimeṡṡoti kata hōb niven enavìri m̀mōou ǹvōk ǹxytou xen oumetċingons	And they embittered their life by hard labours, in the clay and in brick-making, and all the works in the plains, according to all the works, wherein they caused them to serve with violence.
1:15	ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡⲟⲩⲣⲟ ⲛⲧⲉⲛⲓⲣⲉⲙⲛⲭⲏⲙⲓ ⲛⲛⲓⲣⲉϥⲑⲙⲉⲥⲓⲟ ⲛⲧⲉⲛⲓϩⲉⲃⲣⲉⲟⲥ ⲫⲣⲁⲛ ⲛⲟⲩⲓ ⲙⲙⲱⲟⲩ ⲡⲉ ⲥⲉⲡⲫⲱⲣⲁ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲫⲣⲁⲛ ⲛϯⲙⲁϩⲃ̅ϯ ⲡⲉ ⲫⲟⲩⲁ	ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲡ̀ⲟⲩⲣⲟ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ ⲛⲓⲣⲉⲙⲛⲭⲏⲙⲓ ⲛ̀ⲛⲓⲣⲉϥⲑⲙⲉⲥⲓⲟ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ ⲛⲓϩⲉⲃⲣⲉⲟⲥ ⲫ̀ⲣⲁⲛ ⲛⲟⲩⲓ ⲙ̀ⲙⲱⲟⲩ ⲡⲉ ⲥⲉⲡⲫⲱⲣⲁ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲫ̀ⲣⲁⲛ ⲛ̀ϯⲙⲁϩⲥⲛⲟⲩϯ ⲡⲉ ⲫⲟⲩⲁ	ouoh peje p̀ouro ǹte niremnkymi ǹnirefθmesio ǹte nihebreos f̀ran noui m̀mōou pe sepfōra ouoh f̀ran ǹtimahsnouti pe foua	And the king of the Egyptians spoke to the midwives of the Hebrews; the name of the one was, Sepphora; and the name of the second, Phua.
1:16	ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ϫⲉⲉϣⲱⲡ ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲁⲛⲛⲟⲩⲓ ⲉⲑⲙⲉⲥⲓⲉ ⲛⲓϩⲉⲃⲣⲉⲟⲥ ⲁⲩϣⲁⲛⲓ ⲉⲧⲥⲉⲙⲓⲥⲓ ⲉϣⲱⲡ ⲙⲉⲛ ⲟⲩϩⲱⲟⲩⲧ ⲡⲉ ϧⲟⲑⲃⲉϥ ⲉϣⲱⲡ ⲇⲉ ⲟⲩⲥϩⲓⲙⲓ ⲧⲉ ⲙⲁⲧⲁⲛϧⲟⲥ	ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ϫⲉ ⲉϣⲱⲡ ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲁⲛⲛⲟⲩⲓ ⲉⲑⲙⲉⲥⲓⲉ ⲛⲓϩⲉⲃⲣⲉⲟⲥ ⲁⲩϣⲁⲛⲓ ⲉⲧⲥⲉⲙⲓⲥⲓ ⲉϣⲱⲡ ⲙⲉⲛ ⲟⲩϩⲱⲟⲩⲧ ⲡⲉ ϧⲟⲑⲃⲉϥ ⲉϣⲱⲡ ⲇⲉ ⲟⲩⲥ̀ϩⲓⲙⲓ ⲧⲉ ⲙⲁⲧⲁⲛϧⲟⲥ	ouoh pegaf je eṡōp aretenṡannoui eθmesie nihebreos avṡani etsemisi eṡōp men ouhōout pe xoθvef eṡōp ḋe ous̀·himi te matanxos	And he said, When ye do the office of midwives to the Hebrew women, and they are about to be delivered, if it be a male, kill it; but if a female, save it.
1:17	ⲁⲩⲉⲣϩⲟϯ ⲇⲉ ϧⲁⲧϩⲏ ⲙⲫⲛⲟⲩϯ ⲛϫⲉⲛⲓⲣⲉⲙⲑⲙⲉⲥⲓⲟ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲙⲡⲟⲩⲓⲣⲓ ⲕⲁⲧⲁⲫⲣⲏϯ ⲉⲧⲁϥⲟⲩⲁϩⲥⲁϩⲛⲓ ⲙⲙⲟϥ ⲛⲱⲟⲩ ⲛϫⲉⲡⲟⲩⲣⲟ ⲛⲭⲏⲙⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲁⲩⲧⲁⲛϧⲟ ⲛⲛⲓϩⲱⲟⲩⲧ ⲡⲉ	ⲁⲩⲉⲣϩⲟϯ ⲇⲉ ϧⲁⲧ̀ϩⲏ ⲛ̀ⲫ̀ⲛⲟⲩϯ ⲛ̀ϫⲉ ⲛⲓⲣⲉⲙⲑⲙⲉⲥⲓⲟ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲙ̀ⲡⲟⲩⲓ̀ⲣⲓ ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲫ̀ⲣⲏϯ ⲉⲧⲁϥⲟⲩⲁϩⲥⲁϩⲛⲓ ⲙ̀ⲙⲟϥ ⲛⲱⲟⲩ ⲛ̀ϫⲉ ⲡ̀ⲟⲩⲣⲟ ⲛ̀ⲭⲏⲙⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲁⲩⲧⲁⲛϧⲟ ⲛ̀ⲛⲓϩⲱⲟⲩⲧ ⲡⲉ	averhoti ḋe xat̀·hy ǹf̀nouti ǹje niremθmesio ouoh m̀pouìri kata f̀ryti etafouahsahni m̀mof nōou ǹje p̀ouro ǹkymi ouoh navtanxo ǹnihōout pe	But the midwives feared God, and did not as the king of Egypt appointed them; and they saved the male children alive.
1:18	ⲁϥⲙⲟⲩϯ ⲇⲉ ⲛϫⲉⲡⲟⲩⲣⲟ ⲛⲭⲏⲙⲓ ⲉⲛⲓⲣⲉϥⲑⲙⲉⲥⲓⲟ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲛⲱⲟⲩ ϫⲉⲡⲁⲓϩⲱⲃ ⲟⲩ ⲡⲉ ⲉⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲁⲓϥ ⲉⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲧⲁⲛϧⲟ ⲛⲛⲓϩⲱⲟⲩⲧ	ⲁϥⲙⲟⲩϯ ⲇⲉ ⲛ̀ϫⲉ ⲡ̀ⲟⲩⲣⲟ ⲛ̀ⲭⲏⲙⲓ ⲉ̀ⲛⲓⲣⲉϥⲑⲙⲉⲥⲓⲟ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲛⲱⲟⲩ ϫⲉ ⲡⲁⲓϩⲱⲃ ⲟⲩ ⲡⲉ ⲉⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲁⲓϥ ⲉ̀ⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲧⲁⲛϧⲟ ⲛ̀ⲛⲓϩⲱⲟⲩⲧ	afmouti ḋe ǹje p̀ouro ǹkymi ènirefθmesio ouoh pegaf nōou je paihōb ou pe etaretenaif èretentanxo ǹnihōout	And the king of Egypt called the midwives, and said to them, Why is it that ye have done this thing, and saved the male children alive?
1:19	ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲛⲓⲣⲉϥⲑⲙⲉⲥⲓⲟ ⲇⲉ ⲙⲫⲁⲣⲁⲱ ϫⲉⲙⲫⲣⲏϯ ⲁⲛ ⲛⲛⲓϩⲓⲟⲙⲓ ⲛⲧⲉⲭⲏⲙⲓ ⲛⲉ ⲛⲓϩⲓⲟⲙⲓ ⲛⲧⲉⲛⲓϩⲉⲃⲣⲉⲟⲥ ϣⲁⲩⲙⲓⲥⲓ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲓⲥϫⲉⲛ ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲓ ⲉϧⲟⲩⲛ ϩⲁⲣⲱⲟⲩ ⲛϫⲉⲛⲓⲣⲉϥⲑⲙⲉⲥⲓⲟ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲁⲩⲙⲓⲥⲓ ⲡⲉ	ⲡⲉϫⲉ ⲛⲓⲣⲉϥⲑⲙⲉⲥⲓⲟ ⲇⲉ ⲛ̀ⲫⲁⲣⲁⲱ̀ ϫⲉ ⲛ̀ⲫ̀ⲣⲏϯ ⲁⲛ ⲛ̀ⲛⲓϩⲓⲟⲙⲓ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ ⲭⲏⲙⲓ ⲛⲉ ⲛⲓϩⲓⲟⲙⲓ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ ⲛⲓϩⲉⲃⲣⲉⲟⲥ ϣⲁⲩⲙⲓⲥⲓ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲓⲥϫⲉⲛ ⲛ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲓ ⲉ̀ϧⲟⲩⲛ ϩⲁⲣⲱⲟⲩ ⲛ̀ϫⲉ ⲛⲓⲣⲉϥⲑⲙⲉⲥⲓⲟ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲁⲩⲙⲓⲥⲓ ⲡⲉ	peje nirefθmesio ḋe ǹfaraṑ je ǹf̀ryti an ǹnihiomi ǹte kymi ne nihiomi ǹte nihebreos ṡavmisi ġar isjen ǹpatoui èxoun harōou ǹje nirefθmesio ouoh navmisi pe	And the midwives said to Pharao, The Hebrew women are not as the women of Egypt, for they are delivered before the midwives go in to them. So they bore children.
1:20	ⲫⲛⲟⲩϯ ⲇⲉ ⲛⲁϥⲉⲣⲡⲉⲑⲛⲁⲛⲉϥ ⲛⲛⲓⲣⲉϥⲑⲙⲉⲥⲓⲟ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁϥⲁϣⲁⲓ ⲛϫⲉⲡⲓⲗⲁⲟⲥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁϥϫⲉⲙⲛⲟⲙϯ ⲉⲙⲁϣⲱ	ⲫ̀ⲛⲟⲩϯ ⲇⲉ ⲛⲁϥⲉⲣⲡⲉⲑⲛⲁⲛⲉϥ ⲛ̀ⲛⲓⲣⲉϥⲑⲙⲉⲥⲓⲟ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁϥⲁ̀ϣⲁⲓ ⲛ̀ϫⲉ ⲡⲓⲗⲁⲟⲥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁϥϫⲉⲙⲛⲟⲙϯ ⲉ̀ⲙⲁϣⲱ	f̀nouti ḋe naferpeθnanef ǹnirefθmesio ouoh afàṡai ǹje pilaos ouoh afjemnomti èmaṡō	And God did well to the midwives, and the people multiplied, and grew very strong.
1:21	ⲉⲡⲓⲇⲏ ⲛⲁⲩⲉⲣϩⲟϯ ϩⲁⲧϩⲏ ⲙⲫⲛⲟⲩϯ ⲡⲉ ⲛϫⲉⲛⲓⲣⲉϥⲑⲙⲉⲥⲓⲟ ⲁⲩⲑⲁⲙⲓⲟ ⲛⲱⲟⲩ ⲛϩⲁⲛⲏⲓ	ⲉⲡⲓⲇⲏ ⲛⲁⲩⲉⲣϩⲟϯ ϩⲁ ⲧ̀ϩⲏ ⲛ̀ⲫ̀ⲛⲟⲩϯ ⲡⲉ ⲛ̀ϫⲉ ⲛⲓⲣⲉϥⲑⲙⲉⲥⲓⲟ ⲁⲩⲑⲁⲙⲓⲟ ⲛⲱⲟⲩ ⲛ̀ϩⲁⲛⲏⲓ	epiḋy naverhoti ha t̀·hy ǹf̀nouti pe ǹje nirefθmesio avθamio nōou ǹhanyi	And as the midwives feared God, they established for themselves families.
1:22	ⲁϥⲟⲩⲁϩⲥⲁϩⲛⲓ ⲇⲉ ⲛϫⲉⲫⲁⲣⲁⲱ ⲛⲧⲉⲛⲡⲉϥⲗⲁⲟⲥ ⲧⲏⲣϥ ⲉϥϫⲱ ⲙⲙⲟⲥ ϫⲉϩⲱⲟⲩⲧ ⲛⲓⲃⲉⲛ ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲛⲁⲙⲁⲥⲟⲩ ⲛⲛⲓϩⲉⲃⲣⲉⲟⲥ ϩⲓⲧⲟⲩ ⲉⲫⲙⲱⲟⲩ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲥϩⲓⲙⲓ ⲛⲓⲃⲉⲛ ⲙⲁⲧⲁⲛϧⲱⲟⲩ	ⲁϥⲟⲩⲁϩⲥⲁϩⲛⲓ ⲇⲉ ⲛ̀ϫⲉ ⲫⲁⲣⲁⲱ̀ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲛⲡⲉϥⲗⲁⲟⲥ ⲧⲏⲣϥ ⲉϥϫⲱ ⲙ̀ⲙⲟⲥ ϫⲉ ϩⲱⲟⲩⲧ ⲛⲓⲃⲉⲛ ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲛⲁⲙⲁⲥⲟⲩ ⲛ̀ⲛⲓϩⲉⲃⲣⲉⲟⲥ ϩⲓⲧⲟⲩ ⲉ̀ⲫ̀ⲙⲱⲟⲩ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲥϩⲓⲙⲓ ⲛⲓⲃⲉⲛ ⲙⲁⲧⲁⲛϧⲱⲟⲩ	afouahsahni ḋe ǹje faraṑ ǹtenpeflaos tyrf efgō m̀mos je hōout niven etounamasou ǹnihebreos hitou èf̀mōou ouoh s·himi niven matanxōou	And Pharao charged all his people, saying, Whatever male child shall be born to the Hebrews, cast into the river; and every female, save it alive.

Provenance

title: Exodus 1
dialect: bohairic
source: Coptic SCRIPTORIUM corpus "bohairic.ot", document 02_Exodus_01
licence: CC-BY-SA 4.0 (meta.json "CC-BY-SA"; TEI header says CC-BY 4.0 — conflict, stricter kept; LICENCES.md Q-15)
share: attribution
attribution: Exodus 1 from Coptic SCRIPTORIUM (https://copticscriptorium.org), corpus bohairic.ot, document 02_Exodus_01, version 6.1.0 (2025-06-30), annotations by Frank Feder, So Miyagawa, Elizabeth Platte, Caroline T. Schroeder, Amir Zeldes; source edition Crosswire, CoptOT. Licensed CC BY-SA 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/); this derivative is released under the same licence. Marcion project, Hany Takla. Layers L1/L2 are modified: re-spelled (Cairene) / transliterated (Kemetic) by the Kemetic project, Yousef Hanna 2026.
annotation: segmentation automatic · tagging automatic · parsing automatic (SCRIPTORIUM meta.json; document version 6.1.0, 2025-06-30)
file: Bible/Old Testament/Exodus/01.bohairic.scriptorium.L0.txt
title: Exodus 1 — Cairene
dialect: bohairic
source: generated from 01.bohairic.scriptorium.L0.txt (Coptic SCRIPTORIUM corpus "bohairic.ot", document 02_Exodus_01)
licence: CC BY-SA 4.0
share: attribution
attribution: Exodus 1 from Coptic SCRIPTORIUM (https://copticscriptorium.org), corpus bohairic.ot, document 02_Exodus_01, version 6.1.0 (2025-06-30), annotations by Frank Feder, So Miyagawa, Elizabeth Platte, Caroline T. Schroeder, Amir Zeldes; source edition Crosswire, CoptOT. Licensed CC BY-SA 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/); this derivative is released under the same licence. Marcion project, Hany Takla. Layers L1/L2 are modified: re-spelled (Cairene) / transliterated (Kemetic) by the Kemetic project, Yousef Hanna 2026.
generated by: tools/cairene.py from_witness on the L0 text (L1 = Cairene(N(L0)), RI-038 2026-09-16; RI-029 2026-09-11; DECISIONS.md 2026-09-09: punctuation O-6, jinkim O-3; segmentation-aware jinkim + spelling verdicts from the witness-aligned CoNLL-U segmentation, C3b; 2026-09-09 evening rulings: word division church, "until" base ϣⲁⲧⲉ-, nomina sacra ⲓ̅ⲥ̅/ⲡⲉⲭ︦ⲥ︦/Ⲑⲥ̅/Ⲩⲥ̅ expanded; numerals and abbreviations resolved by the normalization stage)
file: Bible/Old Testament/Exodus/01.bohairic.scriptorium.L1.txt
title: Exodus 1 — Kemetic
dialect: bohairic
source: generated from 01.bohairic.scriptorium.L1.txt
licence: CC BY-SA 4.0
share: attribution
attribution: Exodus 1 from Coptic SCRIPTORIUM (https://copticscriptorium.org), corpus bohairic.ot, document 02_Exodus_01, version 6.1.0 (2025-06-30), annotations by Frank Feder, So Miyagawa, Elizabeth Platte, Caroline T. Schroeder, Amir Zeldes; source edition Crosswire, CoptOT. Licensed CC BY-SA 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/); this derivative is released under the same licence. Marcion project, Hany Takla. Layers L1/L2 are modified: re-spelled (Cairene) / transliterated (Kemetic) by the Kemetic project, Yousef Hanna 2026.
generated by: tools/coptic_to_kemetic.py convert() on the L1 text (letter rules of DECISIONS.md 2026-09-08)
file: Bible/Old Testament/Exodus/01.bohairic.scriptorium.L2.txt
what it is: DRAFT English. Not a published translation: `existing` rows quote an aligned translation named in `basis`; `llm` rows are a language-model best guess from the dictionary gloss and context (Yousef asked for them, 2026-09-27; to be corrected later); check the source text before relying on any of it.
lines: 22 quoted · 0 quoted with the alignment not cross-checked · 0 model drafts (marked “draft”)
quoted from: Brenton's Septuagint (1851) — aligned in Coptic SCRIPTORIUM bohairic.ot, 02_Exodus_01 (22 lines)

Cite as:

Exodus 1. Coptic SCRIPTORIUM corpus "bohairic.ot", document 02_Exodus_01. Layers as published by the Kemetic project (Yousef Hanna), 2026: Coptic · Cairene · Kemetic, /doc/bible/old-testament/exodus/01.bohairic.scriptorium/. Exodus 1 from Coptic SCRIPTORIUM (https://copticscriptorium.org), corpus bohairic.ot, document 02_Exodus_01, version 6.1.0 (2025-06-30), annotations by Frank Feder, So Miyagawa, Elizabeth Platte, Caroline T. Schroeder, Amir Zeldes; source edition Crosswire, CoptOT. Licensed CC BY-SA 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/); this derivative is released under the same licence. Marcion project, Hany Takla. Layers L1/L2 are modified: re-spelled (Cairene) / transliterated (Kemetic) by the Kemetic project, Yousef Hanna 2026.

What the layers are

L0 witness
The text as its witness or edition has it, original spelling; its dialect is a description and is never standardized.

L0.5 transliteration
For Egyptian texts: the transliteration with the editors' marks turned into the symbols ° * < > _ ^ (ruled 2026-09-10). For papyri: the edition's Leiden marks as the same symbols, and the editors' readings beside the scribe's as ‹scribe→editors› (ruled PAP-3).

L1 Cairene
Standardized Greco-Bohairic spelling and grammar, generated by code from the layer above under the rulings of the project.

L2 Kemetic
The Kemetic alphabet, generated by code from L1.

English
Quoted translations where they exist, credited; otherwise model drafts, marked as drafts.