23_Isaias_24

Bible/Old Testament · Isaiah · bohairic · L0 witness · L1 Cairene · L2 Kemetic · English

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Source: Coptic SCRIPTORIUM corpus "bohairic.ot", document 23_Isaias_24

Attribution: 23_Isaias_24 from Coptic SCRIPTORIUM (https://copticscriptorium.org), corpus bohairic.ot, document 23_Isaias_24, version 6.0.0 (2024-10-31), annotations by Nina Speranskaja, Nicholas Wagner, Amir Zeldes; source edition Marcion, Hany Takla. Licensed CC BY-SA 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/); this derivative is released under the same licence. Marcion project, Hany Takla. Layers L1/L2 are modified: re-spelled (Cairene) / transliterated (Kemetic) by the Kemetic project, Yousef Hanna 2026.

Licence: CC-BY-SA 4.0 (meta.json "CC-BY-SA"; TEI header says CC-BY 4.0 — conflict, stricter kept; LICENCES.md Q-15)

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0

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refL0 witnessL1 CaireneL2 KemeticEnglish
24:1ϩⲏⲡⲡⲉ ⲓⲥ ⲡϭ̅ⲥ̅ ϥ̀ⲛⲁⲧⲁⲕⲟ ⲛ̀ϯⲟⲓⲕⲟⲩⲙⲉⲛⲏ ⲧⲏⲣⲥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ϥ̀ⲛⲁϣⲟϥⲥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉϥⲉ̀ϭⲱⲣⲡ ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲥϩⲟ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉϥⲉ̀ϭⲱⲣⲡ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ ⲛ̀ⲛⲏⲉⲧϣⲟⲡ ⲛ̀ϧⲏⲧⲥ .ϩⲏⲡⲡⲉ ⲓⲥ ⲡ̀ϭⲟⲓⲥ ϥ̀ⲛⲁⲧⲁⲕⲟ ⲛ̀ϯⲟⲓⲕⲟⲩⲙⲉⲛⲏ ⲧⲏⲣⲥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ϥ̀ⲛⲁϣⲟϥⲥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉϥⲉ̀ϭⲱⲣⲡ ⲛ̀ⲡⲉⲥϩⲟ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉϥⲉ̀ϭⲱⲣⲡ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ ⲛ̀ⲛⲏⲉⲧϣⲟⲡ ⲛ̀ϧⲏⲧⲥ.hyppe is p̀ċois f̀natako ǹtioikoumeny tyrs ouoh f̀naṡofs ouoh efèċōrp ǹpes·ho èvol ouoh efèċōrp èvol ǹnyetṡop ǹxyts.Behold, the Lord is about to lay waste the world, and will make it desolate, and will lay bare the surface of it, and scatter them that dwell therein.
24:2ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉϥⲉ̀ϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲛ̀ϫⲉⲡⲓⲗⲁⲟⲥ ⲙ̀ⲫ̀ⲣⲏϯ ⲙ̀ⲡⲓⲟⲩⲏⲃ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲓⲃⲱⲕ ⲙ̀ⲫ̀ⲣⲏϯ ⲙ̀ⲡ̀ϭⲟⲓⲥ : ⲉϥⲉ̀ϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲛ̀ϫⲉⲫⲏⲉⲧϣⲱⲡ ⲙ̀ⲫ̀ⲣⲏϯ ⲙ̀ⲫⲏⲉⲧϯ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲫⲏⲉⲧϯ ⲉ̀ⲡⲟⲩϣⲁⲡ ⲙ̀ⲫ̀ⲣⲏϯ ⲙ̀ⲫⲏⲉⲧϭⲓ ⲉ̀ϫⲱϥ : ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲫⲏⲉⲧⲉ ⲟⲩⲟⲛ ⲉ̀ⲣⲟϥ ⲙ̀ⲫ̀ⲣⲏϯ ⲙ̀ⲫⲏⲉⲧⲉ ⲟⲩⲟⲛⲛ̀ⲧⲁϥ ⲉ̀ⲣⲟϥ .Ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉϥⲉ̀ϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲛ̀ϫⲉ ⲡⲓⲗⲁⲟⲥ ⲛ̀ⲫ̀ⲣⲏϯ ⲛ̀ⲡⲓⲟⲩⲏⲃ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲓⲃⲱⲕ ⲛ̀ⲫ̀ⲣⲏϯ ⲛ̀ⲡ̀ϭⲟⲓⲥ: ⲉϥⲉ̀ϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲛ̀ϫⲉ ⲫⲏⲉⲧϣⲱⲡ ⲛ̀ⲫ̀ⲣⲏϯ ⲙ̀ⲫⲏⲉⲧϯ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲫⲏⲉⲧϯ ⲉ̀ⲡ̀ⲟⲩϣⲁⲡ ⲛ̀ⲫ̀ⲣⲏϯ ⲛ̀ⲫⲏⲉⲧϭⲓ ⲉ̀ϫⲱϥ: ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲫⲏⲉ̀ⲧⲉ ⲟⲩⲟⲛ ⲉ̀ⲣⲟϥ ⲛ̀ⲫ̀ⲣⲏϯ ⲛ̀ⲫⲏⲉ̀ⲧⲉ ⲟⲩⲟⲛ ⲛ̀ⲧⲁϥ ⲉ̀ⲣⲟϥ.Ouoh efèṡōpi ǹje pilaos ǹf̀ryti ǹpiouyb ouoh pivōk ǹf̀ryti ǹp̀ċois: efèṡōpi ǹje fyetṡōp ǹf̀ryti m̀fyetti èvol ouoh fyetti èp̀ouṡap ǹf̀ryti ǹfyetċi ègōf: ouoh fyète ouon èrof ǹf̀ryti ǹfyète ouon ǹtaf èrof.And the people shall be as the priest, and the servant as the lord, and the maid as the mistress; the buyer shall be as the seller, the lender as the borrower, and the debtor as his creditor.
24:3ϧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲧⲁⲕⲟ ⲉϥⲉ̀ⲧⲁⲕⲟ ⲛ̀ϫⲉⲡ̀ⲕⲁϩⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ϧⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲱⲗⲉⲙ ⲉⲩⲉ̀ϩⲱⲗⲉⲙ ⲙ̀ⲡ̀ⲕⲁϩⲓ ⲣⲱϥ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲙ̀ⲡϭ̅ⲥ̅ ⲡⲉⲧⲁϥⲥⲁϫⲓ ⲛ̀ⲛⲁⲓ .Ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲧⲁⲕⲟ ⲉϥⲉ̀ⲧⲁⲕⲟ ⲛ̀ϫⲉ ⲡ̀ⲕⲁϩⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩϩⲱⲗⲉⲙ ⲉⲩⲉ̀ϩⲱⲗⲉⲙ ⲛ̀ⲡ̀ⲕⲁϩⲓ ⲣⲱϥ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲛ̀ⲡ̀ϭⲟⲓⲥ ⲡⲉⲧⲁϥⲥⲁϫⲓ ⲛ̀ⲛⲁⲓ.Xen outako efètako ǹje p̀kahi ouoh xen ouhōlem evèhōlem ǹp̀kahi rōf ġar ǹp̀ċois petafsaji ǹnai.The earth shall be completely laid waste, and the earth shall be utterly spoiled: for the mouth of the Lord has spoken these things.
24:4ⲁϥⲉⲣϩⲏⲃⲓ ⲛ̀ϫⲉⲡ̀ⲕⲁϩⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁⲥⲧⲁⲕⲟ ⲛ̀ϫⲉϯⲟⲓⲕⲟⲩⲙⲉⲛⲏ : ⲁⲩⲉⲣϩⲏⲃⲓ ⲛ̀ϫⲉⲛⲏⲉⲧϭⲟⲥⲓ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲡ̀ⲕⲁϩⲓ .Ⲁϥⲉⲣϩⲏⲃⲓ ⲛ̀ϫⲉ ⲡ̀ⲕⲁϩⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁⲥⲧⲁⲕⲟ ⲛ̀ϫⲉ ϯⲟⲓⲕⲟⲩⲙⲉⲛⲏ: ⲁⲩⲉⲣϩⲏⲃⲓ ⲛ̀ϫⲉ ⲛⲏⲉⲧϭⲟⲥⲓ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ ⲡ̀ⲕⲁϩⲓ.Aferhyvi ǹje p̀kahi ouoh astako ǹje tioikoumeny: averhyvi ǹje nyetċosi ǹte p̀kahi.The earth mourns, and the world is ruined, the lofty ones of the earth are mourning.
24:5ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲓⲕⲁϩⲓ ⲁϥⲉⲣⲁ̀ⲛⲟⲙⲓⲛ ⲉⲑⲃⲉⲛⲏⲉⲧϣⲟⲡ ϩⲓⲱⲧϥ ϫⲉⲁⲩⲭⲱ ⲛ̀ⲥⲱⲟⲩ ⲙ̀ⲡⲓⲛⲟⲙⲟⲥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁⲩϣⲓⲃϯ ⲛ̀ⲛⲓⲟⲩⲁϩⲥⲁϩⲛⲓ ϯⲇⲓⲁⲑⲏⲕⲏ ⲛ̀ⲉ̀ⲛⲉϩ .Ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲓⲕⲁϩⲓ ⲁϥⲉⲣⲁ̀ⲛⲟⲙⲓⲛ ⲉⲑⲃⲉ ⲛⲏⲉⲧϣⲟⲡ ϩⲓⲱⲧϥ ϫⲉ ⲁⲩⲭⲱ ⲛ̀ⲥⲱⲟⲩ ⲛ̀ⲡⲓⲛⲟⲙⲟⲥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁⲩϣⲓⲃϯ ⲛ̀ⲛⲓⲟⲩⲁϩⲥⲁϩⲛⲓ ϯⲇⲓⲁⲑⲏⲕⲏ ⲛ̀ⲉ̀ⲛⲉϩ.Ouoh pikahi aferànomin eθve nyetṡop hiōtf je avkō ǹsōou ǹpinomos ouoh avṡivti ǹniouahsahni tiḋiaθyky ǹèneh.And she has sinned by reason of her inhabitants; because they have transgressed the law, and changed the ordinances, even the everlasting covenant.
24:6ⲉⲑⲃⲉⲫⲁⲓ ⲟⲩⲥⲁϩⲟⲩⲓ̀ ⲉϥⲉ̀ⲟⲩⲱⲙ ⲙ̀ⲡⲓⲕⲁϩⲓ ϫⲉⲁⲩⲉⲣⲁ̀ⲛⲟⲙⲓⲛ ⲛ̀ϫⲉⲛⲏⲉⲧϣⲟⲡ ϩⲓⲱⲧϥ ⲉⲑⲃⲉⲫⲁⲓ ⲉⲩⲉ̀ϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲉⲩⲟⲓ ⲛ̀ϩⲏⲕⲓ ⲛ̀ϫⲉⲛⲏⲉⲧϣⲟⲡ ϩⲓϫⲉⲛⲡⲓⲕⲁϩⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲩⲉ̀ⲥⲱϫⲡ ⲛ̀ϫⲉϩⲁⲛⲙⲏϣ ⲛ̀ⲣⲱⲙⲓ ⲉⲩⲟⲓ ⲛ̀ⲕⲟⲩϫⲓ .Ⲉⲑⲃⲉ ⲫⲁⲓ ⲟⲩⲥⲁϩⲟⲩⲓ̀ ⲉϥⲉ̀ⲟⲩⲱⲙ ⲛ̀ⲡⲓⲕⲁϩⲓ ϫⲉ ⲁⲩⲉⲣⲁ̀ⲛⲟⲙⲓⲛ ⲛ̀ϫⲉ ⲛⲏⲉⲧϣⲟⲡ ϩⲓⲱⲧϥ ⲉⲑⲃⲉ ⲫⲁⲓ ⲉⲩⲉ̀ϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲉⲩⲟⲓ ⲛ̀ϩⲏⲕⲓ ⲛ̀ϫⲉ ⲛⲏⲉⲧϣⲟⲡ ϩⲓϫⲉⲛ ⲡⲓⲕⲁϩⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲩⲉ̀ⲥⲱϫⲡ ⲛ̀ϫⲉ ϩⲁⲛⲙⲏϣ ⲛ̀ⲣⲱⲙⲓ ⲉⲩⲟⲓ ⲛ̀ⲕⲟⲩϫⲓ.Eθve fai ousahouì efèouōm ǹpikahi je averànomin ǹje nyetṡop hiōtf eθve fai evèṡōpi evoi ǹhyki ǹje nyetṡop hijen pikahi ouoh evèsōgp ǹje hanmyṡ ǹrōmi evoi ǹkouji.Therefore a curse shall consume the earth, because the inhabitants thereof have sinned: therefore the dwellers in the earth shall be poor, and few men shall be left.
24:7ⲉϥⲉ̀ⲉⲣϩⲏⲃⲓ ⲛ̀ϫⲉⲡⲓⲏⲣⲡ ⲉϥⲉ̀ⲉⲣϩⲏⲃⲓ ⲛ̀ϫⲉⲡⲓⲁ̀ⲗⲟⲗⲓ ⲉⲩⲉ̀ϥⲓⲁ̀ϩⲟⲙ ⲛ̀ϫⲉⲛⲏⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲛⲟϥ ϧⲉⲛⲧⲟⲩⲯⲩⲭⲏ .Ⲉϥⲉ̀ⲉⲣϩⲏⲃⲓ ⲛ̀ϫⲉ ⲡⲓⲏⲣⲡ ⲉϥⲉ̀ⲉⲣϩⲏⲃⲓ ⲛ̀ϫⲉ ⲡⲓⲁ̀ⲗⲟⲗⲓ ⲉⲩⲉ̀ϥⲓⲁ̀ϩⲟⲙ ⲛ̀ϫⲉ ⲛⲏⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲛⲟϥ ϧⲉⲛ ⲧⲟⲩⲯⲩⲭⲏ.Efèerhyvi ǹje piyrp efèerhyvi ǹje piàloli evèfiàhom ǹje nytyrou etounof xen toupsiṡy.The wine shall mourn, the vine shall mourn, all the merry-hearted shall sigh.
24:8ⲁϥⲟⲩⲱ̀ ⲛ̀ϫⲉⲡ̀ⲟⲩⲛⲟϥ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲛⲓⲕⲉⲙⲕⲉⲙ ⲁⲥⲟⲩⲱ̀ ⲛ̀ϫⲉϯⲙⲉⲧⲁⲩⲑⲁⲇⲏⲥ ⲛⲉⲙϯⲙⲉⲧⲣⲁⲙⲁⲟ̀ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲛⲓⲁ̀ⲥⲉⲃⲏⲥ ⲁⲥⲟⲩⲱ̀ ⲛ̀ϫⲉⲧ̀ⲥ̀ⲙⲏ ⲛ̀ϯⲕⲩⲑⲁⲣⲁ .Ⲁϥⲟⲩⲱ̀ ⲛ̀ϫⲉ ⲡ̀ⲟⲩⲛⲟϥ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ ⲛⲓⲕⲉⲙⲕⲉⲙ ⲁⲥⲟⲩⲱ̀ ⲛ̀ϫⲉ ϯⲙⲉⲧⲁⲩⲑⲁⲇⲏⲥ ⲛⲉⲙ ϯⲙⲉⲧⲣⲁⲙⲁⲟ̀ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ ⲛⲓⲁ̀ⲥⲉⲃⲏⲥ ⲁⲥⲟⲩⲱ̀ ⲛ̀ϫⲉ ⲧ̀ⲥ̀ⲙⲏ ⲛ̀ϯⲕⲩⲑⲁⲣⲁ.Afouṑ ǹje p̀ounof ǹte nikemkem asouṑ ǹje timetavθaḋys nem timetramaò ǹte niàsebys asouṑ ǹje t̀s̀my ǹtikiθara.The mirth of timbrels has ceased, the sound of the harp has ceased.
24:9ⲁⲩϣ̀ⲫⲓⲧ ⲙ̀ⲡⲟⲩⲥⲉ ⲏⲣⲡ ⲁϥⲉⲣϣⲁϣⲓ ⲛ̀ϫⲉⲡⲓⲥⲓⲕⲓⲣⲁ ⲛ̀ⲧⲟⲧⲟⲩ ⲛ̀ⲛⲏⲉⲧⲥⲱ ⲙ̀ⲙⲟϥ .Ⲁⲩϣ̀ⲫⲓⲧ ⲙ̀ⲡⲟⲩⲥⲉ ⲏⲣⲡ ⲁϥⲉⲣϣⲁϣⲓ ⲛ̀ϫⲉ ⲡⲓⲥⲓⲕⲓⲣⲁ ⲛ̀ⲧⲟⲧⲟⲩ ⲛ̀ⲛⲏⲉⲧⲥⲱ ⲙ̀ⲙⲟϥ.Avṡ̀fit m̀pouse yrp aferṡaṡi ǹje pisikira ǹtotou ǹnyetsō m̀mof.They are ashamed, they have not drunk wine; strong drink has become bitter to them that drink it.
24:10ⲁⲩϣⲱϥ ⲛ̀ϫⲉⲃⲁⲕⲓ ⲛⲓⲃⲉⲛ ⲉⲩⲉ̀ϣ̀ⲑⲁⲙ ⲛ̀ⲛⲓⲏⲓ ⲉ̀ϣ̀ⲧⲉⲙⲑ̀ⲣⲉ ϩ̀ⲗⲓ ϣⲉ ⲉ̀ϧⲟⲩⲛ ⲉ̀ⲣⲱⲟⲩ .Ⲁⲩϣⲱϥ ⲛ̀ϫⲉ ⲃⲁⲕⲓ ⲛⲓⲃⲉⲛ ⲉⲩⲉ̀ϣ̀ⲑⲁⲙ ⲛ̀ⲛⲓⲏⲓ ⲉ̀ϣ̀ⲧⲉⲙⲑ̀ⲣⲉ ϩ̀ⲗⲓ ϣⲉ ⲉ̀ϧⲟⲩⲛ ⲉ̀ⲣⲱⲟⲩ.Avṡōf ǹje vaki niven evèṡ̀θam ǹniyi èṡ̀temθ̀re h̀li ṡe èxoun èrōou.All the city has become desolate: one shall shut his house so that none shall enter.
24:11ⲉϣⲗⲏⲗⲟⲩⲓ̀ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ ⲉⲑⲃⲉⲡⲓⲏⲣⲡ ϧⲉⲛⲙⲁⲓ ⲛⲓⲃⲉⲛ ⲁϥⲟⲩⲱ̀ ⲛ̀ϫⲉⲟⲩⲛⲟϥ ⲛⲓⲃⲉⲛ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲡ̀ⲕⲁϩⲓ .Ⲉϣⲗⲏⲗⲟⲩⲓ̀ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ ⲉⲑⲃⲉ ⲡⲓⲏⲣⲡ ϧⲉⲛ ⲙⲁⲓ ⲛⲓⲃⲉⲛ ⲁϥⲟⲩⲱ̀ ⲛ̀ϫⲉ ⲟⲩⲛⲟϥ ⲛⲓⲃⲉⲛ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ ⲡ̀ⲕⲁϩⲓ.Eṡlylouì èvol eθve piyrp xen mai niven afouṑ ǹje ounof niven ǹte p̀kahi.There is a howling for the wine everywhere; all the mirth of the land has ceased, all the mirth of the land has departed.
24:12ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲩⲉ̀ⲥⲱϫⲡ ⲛ̀ϫⲉϩⲁⲛⲃⲁⲕⲓ ⲉⲩϣⲏϥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ϩⲁⲛⲏⲓ ⲉⲩⲉ̀ⲥⲟϫⲡⲟⲩ ⲉⲩⲉ̀ⲧⲁⲕⲟ .Ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲩⲉ̀ⲥⲱϫⲡ ⲛ̀ϫⲉ ϩⲁⲛⲃⲁⲕⲓ ⲉⲩϣⲏϥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ϩⲁⲛⲏⲓ ⲉⲩⲉ̀ⲥⲟϫⲡⲟⲩ ⲉⲩⲉ̀ⲧⲁⲕⲟ.Ouoh evèsōgp ǹje hanvaki evṡyf ouoh hanyi evèsogpou evètako.And cities shall be left desolate, and houses being left shall fall to ruin.
24:13ⲛⲁⲓ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ ⲉⲩⲉ̀ϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲙ̀ⲡⲓⲕⲁϩⲓ ϧⲉⲛⲑ̀ⲙⲏϯ ⲛ̀ⲛⲓⲉⲑⲛⲟⲥ ⲙ̀ⲫ̀ⲣⲏϯ ⲁⲣⲉϣⲁⲛ ⲟⲩⲁⲓ ⲥ̀ⲣⲓⲧ ⲛ̀ⲟⲩⲃⲱⲛ̀ϫⲱⲓⲧ ⲡⲁⲓⲣⲏϯ ⲉⲩⲉ̀ⲥ̀ⲣⲓⲧ ⲙ̀ⲙⲱⲧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉϣⲱⲡ ⲁϥϣⲁⲛⲕⲏⲛ ⲛ̀ϫⲉⲡⲓϭⲱⲗ ⲛⲁⲓ ⲉⲩⲉ̀ⲱϣ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ ϧⲉⲛⲟⲩϧ̀ⲣⲱⲟⲩ .Ⲛⲁⲓ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ ⲉⲩⲉ̀ϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲛ̀ⲡⲓⲕⲁϩⲓ ϧⲉⲛ ⲑ̀ⲙⲏϯ ⲛ̀ⲛⲓⲉⲑⲛⲟⲥ ⲛ̀ⲫ̀ⲣⲏϯ ⲁⲣⲉϣⲁⲛ ⲟⲩⲁⲓ ⲥ̀ⲣⲓⲧ ⲛ̀ⲟⲩⲃⲱⲛ̀ϫⲱⲓⲧ ⲡⲁⲓⲣⲏϯ ⲉⲩⲉ̀ⲥ̀ⲣⲓⲧ ⲙ̀ⲙⲱⲧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉϣⲱⲡ ⲁϥϣⲁⲛⲕⲏⲛ ⲛ̀ϫⲉ ⲡⲓϭⲱⲗ ⲛⲁⲓ ⲉⲩⲉ̀ⲱϣ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩϧ̀ⲣⲱⲟⲩ.Nai tyrou evèṡōpi ǹpikahi xen θ̀myti ǹnieθnos ǹf̀ryti areṡan ouai s̀rit ǹouvōǹgōit pairyti evès̀rit m̀mōten ouoh eṡōp afṡankyn ǹje piċōl nai evèōṡ èvol xen oux̀rōou.All this shall be in the land in the midst of the nations, as if one should strip an olive tree, so shall they strip them; but when the vintage is done,
24:14ⲛⲏ ⲇⲉ ⲉⲑⲛⲁⲥⲱϫⲡ ϩⲓϫⲉⲛⲡ̀ⲕⲁϩⲓ ⲉⲩⲉ̀ⲟⲩⲛⲟϥ ⲛⲉⲙⲡ̀ⲱ̀ⲟⲩ ⲙ̀ⲡϭ̅ⲥ̅ ⲉⲩⲥⲟⲡ ⲉϥⲉ̀ϣ̀ⲑⲟⲣⲧⲉⲣ ⲛ̀ϫⲉⲡⲓⲙⲱⲟⲩ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲫ̀ⲓⲟⲙ .Ⲛⲏ ⲇⲉ ⲉⲑⲛⲁⲥⲱϫⲡ ϩⲓϫⲉⲛ ⲡ̀ⲕⲁϩⲓ ⲉⲩⲉ̀ⲟⲩⲛⲟϥ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲡ̀ⲱ̀ⲟⲩ ⲛ̀ⲡ̀ϭⲟⲓⲥ ⲉⲩⲥⲟⲡ ⲉϥⲉ̀ϣ̀ⲑⲟⲣⲧⲉⲣ ⲛ̀ϫⲉ ⲡⲓⲙⲱⲟⲩ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ ⲫ̀ⲓⲟⲙ.Ny ḋe eθnasōgp hijen p̀kahi evèounof nem p̀ṑou ǹp̀ċois evsop efèṡ̀θorter ǹje pimōou ǹte f̀iom.these shall cry aloud; and they that are left on the land shall rejoice together in the glory of the Lord: the water of the sea shall be troubled.
24:15ⲫ̀ⲣⲁⲛ ⲙ̀ⲡϭ̅ⲥ̅ ⲉϥⲉ̀ϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲉⲩⲱ̀ⲟⲩ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉϥⲉ̀ⲧⲁⲓⲏⲟⲩⲧ .Ⲫ̀ⲣⲁⲛ ⲛ̀ⲡ̀ϭⲟⲓⲥ ⲉϥⲉ̀ϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲉⲩⲱ̀ⲟⲩ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉϥⲉ̀ⲧⲁⲓⲏⲟⲩⲧ.F̀ran ǹp̀ċois efèṡōpi evṑou ouoh efètaiyout.Therefore shall the glory of the Lord be in the isles of the sea; the name of the Lord shall be glorious.
24:16ⲡϭ̅ⲥ̅ ⲫϯ ⲙ̀ⲡⲓ̅ⲥ̅ⲗ̅ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗϧⲉⲛ ⲁⲩⲣⲏϫϥ ⲙ̀ⲡ̀ⲕⲁϩⲓ ⲁⲛⲥⲱⲧⲉⲙ ⲉ̀ϩⲁⲛϣ̀ⲫⲏⲣⲓ ⲟⲩⲟⲛ ϩⲉⲗⲡⲓⲥ ϣⲟⲡ ⲙ̀ⲡ̀ⲉⲩⲥⲉⲃⲏⲥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲩⲉ̀ϫⲟⲥ ϫⲉⲟⲩⲟⲓ ⲛ̀ⲛⲏⲉⲧⲉⲣⲁ̀ⲑⲉⲧⲓⲛ ⲙ̀ⲡⲓⲛⲟⲙⲟⲥ .Ⲡ̀ϭⲟⲓⲥ ⲫ̀ⲛⲟⲩϯ ⲛ̀ⲡⲓⲥⲣⲁⲏⲗ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ ϧⲉⲛ ⲁⲩⲣⲏϫϥ ⲛ̀ⲡ̀ⲕⲁϩⲓ ⲁⲛⲥⲱⲧⲉⲙ ⲉ̀ϩⲁⲛϣ̀ⲫⲏⲣⲓ ⲟⲩⲟⲛ ϩⲉⲗⲡⲓⲥ ϣⲟⲡ ⲛ̀ⲡ̀ⲉⲩⲥⲉⲃⲏⲥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲩⲉ̀ϫⲟⲥ ϫⲉ ⲟⲩⲟⲓ ⲛ̀ⲛⲏⲉⲧⲉⲣⲁ̀ⲑⲉⲧⲓⲛ ⲛ̀ⲡⲓⲛⲟⲙⲟⲥ.P̀ċois f̀nouti ǹpisrayl èvol xen avrygf ǹp̀kahi ansōtem èhanṡ̀fyri ouon helpis ṡop ǹp̀evsebys ouoh evègos je ouoi ǹnyeteràθetin ǹpinomos.O Lord God of Israel, from the ends of the earth we have heard wonderful things, and there is hope to the godly: but they shall say, Woe to the despisers, that despise the law.
24:17ⲟⲩϩⲟϯ ⲛⲉⲙⲟⲩϩⲓⲧ ⲛⲉⲙⲟⲩⲫⲁϣ ⲉⲩⲉ̀ⲓ̀ ⲉ̀ϫⲉⲛⲑⲏⲛⲟⲩ ϧⲁⲛⲏⲉⲧϣⲟⲡ ϩⲓϫⲉⲛⲡ̀ⲕⲁϩⲓ .Ⲟⲩϩⲟϯ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲟⲩϩⲓⲧ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲟⲩⲫⲁϣ ⲉⲩⲓ̀ ⲉ̀ϫⲉⲛ ⲑⲏⲛⲟⲩ ϧⲁ ⲛⲏⲉⲧϣⲟⲡ ϩⲓϫⲉⲛ ⲡ̀ⲕⲁϩⲓ.Ouhoti nem ouhit nem oufaṡ evì èjen θynou xa nyetṡop hijen p̀kahi.Fear, and a pit, and a snare, are upon you that dwell on the earth.
24:18ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲥⲉ̀ϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲫⲏⲉⲧⲫⲏⲧ ϧⲁⲧϩⲏ ⲛ̀ϯϩⲟϯ ⲉϥⲉ̀ϩⲉⲓ ⲉ̀ⲡⲓϩⲓⲧ ⲫⲏ ⲇⲉ ⲉⲑⲛⲏⲟⲩ ⲉ̀ⲡ̀ϣⲱⲓ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲓϩⲓⲧ ⲉϥⲉ̀ⲣⲁⲟⲩⲱ̀ ⲉ̀ⲡⲓⲫⲁϣ ϫⲉϩⲁⲛϣⲟⲩϣⲧ ⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱⲛ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗϧⲉⲛ ⲧ̀ⲫⲉ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲩⲉ̀ⲙⲟⲛⲙⲉⲛ ⲛ̀ϫⲉⲛⲓⲥⲉⲛϯ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲡ̀ⲕⲁϩⲓ .Ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲥⲉ̀ϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲫⲏⲉⲧⲫⲏⲧ ϧⲁⲧ̀ϩⲏ ⲛ̀ϯϩⲟϯ ⲉϥⲉ̀ϩⲉⲓ ⲉ̀ⲡⲓϩⲓⲧ ⲫⲏ ⲇⲉ ⲉⲑⲛⲏⲟⲩ ⲉ̀ⲡ̀ϣⲱⲓ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲓϩⲓⲧ ⲉϥⲉ̀ⲣⲁⲟⲩⲱ̀ ⲉ̀ⲡⲓⲫⲁϣ ϫⲉ ϩⲁⲛϣⲟⲩϣⲧ ⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱⲛ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ ϧⲉⲛ ⲧ̀ⲫⲉ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲩⲉ̀ⲙⲟⲛⲙⲉⲛ ⲛ̀ϫⲉ ⲛⲓⲥⲉⲛϯ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ ⲡ̀ⲕⲁϩⲓ.Ouoh esèṡōpi fyetfyt xat̀·hy ǹtihoti efèhei èpihit fy ḋe eθnyou èp̀ṡōi èvol xen pihit efèraouṑ èpifaṡ je hanṡouṡt avouōn èvol xen t̀fe ouoh evèmonmen ǹje nisenti ǹte p̀kahi.And it shall come to pass, that he that flees from the fear shall fall into the pit; and he that comes up out of the pit shall be caught by the snare: for windows have been opened in heaven, and the foundations of the earth shall be shaken,
24:19ϧⲉⲛⲟⲩϣ̀ⲑⲟⲣⲧⲉⲣ ⲉϥⲉ̀ϣ̀ⲑⲟⲣⲧⲉⲣ ⲛ̀ϫⲉⲡ̀ⲕⲁϩⲓ : ⲟⲩⲟϩ ϧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲙⲉⲧϩⲏⲕⲓ ⲉϥⲉ̀ⲉⲣϩⲏⲕⲓ ⲛ̀ϫⲉⲡ̀ⲕⲁϩⲓ .Ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩϣ̀ⲑⲟⲣⲧⲉⲣ ⲉϥⲉ̀ϣ̀ⲑⲟⲣⲧⲉⲣ ⲛ̀ϫⲉ ⲡ̀ⲕⲁϩⲓ: ⲟⲩⲟϩ ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲙⲉⲧϩⲏⲕⲓ ⲉϥⲉ̀ⲉⲣϩⲏⲕⲓ ⲛ̀ϫⲉ ⲡ̀ⲕⲁϩⲓ.Xen ouṡ̀θorter efèṡ̀θorter ǹje p̀kahi: ouoh xen oumet·hyki efèerhyki ǹje p̀kahi.the earth shall be utterly confounded, and the earth shall be completely perplexed.
24:20ⲁϥⲣⲓⲕⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁϥⲙⲟⲛⲙⲉⲛ ⲛ̀ϫⲉⲡ̀ⲕⲁϩⲓ ⲙ̀ⲫ̀ⲣⲏϯ ⲛ̀ⲟⲩⲙⲁⲛⲁ̀ⲣⲉϩ ⲛ̀ϫⲓϫⲓ ⲙ̀ⲫ̀ⲣⲏϯ ⲙ̀ⲫⲏⲉⲧⲑⲁϧⲓ ⲛⲉⲙⲫⲏⲉⲧⲥⲏⲟⲩ ⲉⲩⲥⲟⲡ ⲉϥⲉ̀ϩⲉⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛ̀ⲛⲉϥϣ̀ϫⲉⲙϫⲟⲙ ⲛ̀ⲟ̀ϩⲓ ⲉ̀ⲣⲁⲧϥ ⲁⲥϫⲉⲙϫⲟⲙ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲉ̀ϫⲱϥ ⲛ̀ϫⲉϯⲁ̀ⲛⲟⲙⲓⲁ̀ .Ⲁϥⲣⲓⲕⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁϥⲙⲟⲛⲙⲉⲛ ⲛ̀ϫⲉ ⲡ̀ⲕⲁϩⲓ ⲛ̀ⲫ̀ⲣⲏϯ ⲛ̀ⲟⲩⲙⲁⲛⲁ̀ⲣⲉϩ ⲛ̀ϫⲓϫⲓ ⲛ̀ⲫ̀ⲣⲏϯ ⲙ̀ⲫⲏⲉⲧⲑⲁϧⲓ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲫⲏⲉⲧⲥⲏⲟⲩ ⲉⲩⲥⲟⲡ ⲉϥⲉ̀ϩⲉⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛ̀ⲛⲉϥϣ̀ϫⲉⲙϫⲟⲙ ⲛ̀ⲟ̀ϩⲓ ⲉ̀ⲣⲁⲧϥ ⲁⲥϫⲉⲙϫⲟⲙ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲉ̀ϫⲱϥ ⲛ̀ϫⲉ ϯⲁ̀ⲛⲟⲙⲓⲁ̀.Afriki ouoh afmonmen ǹje p̀kahi ǹf̀ryti ǹoumanàreh ǹjiji ǹf̀ryti m̀fyetθaxi nem fyetsyou evsop efèhei ouoh ǹnefṡ̀jemgom ǹòhi èratf asjemgom ġar ègōf ǹje tiànomià.It reels as a drunkard and one oppressed with wine, and the earth shall be shaken as a storehouse of fruits; for iniquity has prevailed upon it, and it shall fall, and shall not be able to rise.
24:21ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲣⲉⲫϯ ⲓ̀ⲛⲓ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉϥϫⲓϫ ⲉ̀ϫⲉⲛⲡⲓⲥⲟⲗⲥⲉⲗ ⲧⲏⲣϥ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲧ̀ⲫⲉ ⲛⲉⲙⲉ̀ϫⲉⲛⲛⲓⲟⲩⲣⲱⲟⲩ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲡ̀ⲕⲁϩⲓ .Ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉ̀ⲣⲉⲫ̀ⲛⲟⲩϯ ⲓ̀ⲛⲓ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉϥϫⲓϫ ⲉ̀ϫⲉⲛ ⲡⲓⲥⲟⲗⲥⲉⲗ ⲧⲏⲣϥ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ ⲧ̀ⲫⲉ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲉ̀ϫⲉⲛ ⲛⲓⲟⲩⲣⲱⲟⲩ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ ⲡ̀ⲕⲁϩⲓ.Ouoh èref̀nouti ìni ǹtefjig èjen pisolsel tyrf ǹte t̀fe nem èjen niourōou ǹte p̀kahi.And God shall bring his hand upon the host of heaven, and upon the kings of the earth.
24:22ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲩⲉ̀ⲑⲱⲟⲩϯ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲩⲉ̀ϩⲓⲧⲟⲩ ⲉ̀ⲡⲓϣⲧⲉⲕⲟ ⲛⲉⲙⲟⲩⲙⲁⲛ̀ⲥⲱⲛϩ ϩⲓⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲙⲏϣ ⲛ̀ϫⲱⲟⲩ ⲉⲣⲉⲡⲟⲩϫⲉⲙⲡ̀ϣⲓⲛⲓ ϣⲱⲡⲓ .Ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲩⲉ̀ⲑⲱⲟⲩϯ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲩⲉ̀ϩⲓⲧⲟⲩ ⲉ̀ⲡⲓϣ̀ⲧⲉⲕⲟ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲟⲩⲙⲁⲛ̀ⲥⲱⲛϩ ϩⲓⲧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲙⲏϣ ⲛ̀ϫⲱⲟⲩ ⲉ̀ⲣⲉ ⲡⲟⲩϫⲉⲙⲡ̀ϣⲓⲛⲓ ϣⲱⲡⲓ.Ouoh evèθōouti ouoh evèhitou èpiṡ̀teko nem oumaǹsōnh hiten oumyṡ ǹgōou ère poujemp̀ṡini ṡōpi.And they shall gather the multitude thereof into prisons, and they shall shut them into a strong hold: after many generations they shall be visited.
24:23ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲥⲉ̀ⲃⲱⲗ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ ⲛ̀ϫⲉϯⲧⲱⲃⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉϥⲉ̀ϩⲉⲓ ⲛ̀ϫⲉⲡⲓⲥⲟⲃⲧ ϫⲉϥ̀ⲛⲁⲉⲣⲟⲩⲣⲟ ⲛ̀ϫⲉⲡϭ̅ⲥ̅ ϧⲉⲛⲥⲓⲱⲛ ⲛⲉⲙϧⲉⲛⲓⲗ̅ⲏ̅ⲙ̅ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉϥⲉ̀ϭⲓⲱ̀ⲟⲩ ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲙ̀ⲑⲟ ⲛ̀ⲛⲓⲡ̀ⲣⲉⲥⲃⲩⲧⲉⲣⲟⲥ .Ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲥⲉ̀ⲃⲱⲗ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ ⲛ̀ϫⲉ ϯⲧⲱⲃⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉϥⲉ̀ϩⲉⲓ ⲛ̀ϫⲉ ⲡⲓⲥⲟⲃⲧ ϫⲉ ϥ̀ⲛⲁⲉⲣⲟⲩⲣⲟ ⲛ̀ϫⲉ ⲡ̀ϭⲟⲓⲥ ϧⲉⲛ ⲥⲓⲱⲛ ⲛⲉⲙ ϧⲉⲛ ⲓⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲗⲏⲙ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉϥⲉ̀ϭⲓⲱ̀ⲟⲩ ⲛ̀ⲡⲉⲙ̀ⲑⲟ ⲛ̀ⲛⲓⲡ̀ⲣⲉⲥⲃⲩⲧⲉⲣⲟⲥ.Ouoh esèvōl èvol ǹje titōvi ouoh efèhei ǹje pisovt je f̀naerouro ǹje p̀ċois xen siōn nem xen ierousalym ouoh efèċiṑou ǹpem̀θo ǹnip̀resbiteros.And the brick shall decay, and the wall shall fall; for the Lord shall reign from out of Sion, and out of Jerusalem, and shall be glorified before his elders.

Provenance

L0 witness

title
23_Isaias_24
dialect
bohairic
source
Coptic SCRIPTORIUM corpus "bohairic.ot", document 23_Isaias_24
licence
CC-BY-SA 4.0 (meta.json "CC-BY-SA"; TEI header says CC-BY 4.0 — conflict, stricter kept; LICENCES.md Q-15)
share
attribution
attribution
23_Isaias_24 from Coptic SCRIPTORIUM (https://copticscriptorium.org), corpus bohairic.ot, document 23_Isaias_24, version 6.0.0 (2024-10-31), annotations by Nina Speranskaja, Nicholas Wagner, Amir Zeldes; source edition Marcion, Hany Takla. Licensed CC BY-SA 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/); this derivative is released under the same licence. Marcion project, Hany Takla. Layers L1/L2 are modified: re-spelled (Cairene) / transliterated (Kemetic) by the Kemetic project, Yousef Hanna 2026.
annotation
segmentation ? · tagging automatic · parsing automatic (SCRIPTORIUM meta.json; document version 6.0.0, 2024-10-31)
file
Bible/Old Testament/Isaiah/24.bohairic.scriptorium.L0.txt

L1 Cairene

title
23_Isaias_24 — Cairene
dialect
bohairic
source
generated from 24.bohairic.scriptorium.L0.txt (Coptic SCRIPTORIUM corpus "bohairic.ot", document 23_Isaias_24)
licence
CC BY-SA 4.0
share
attribution
attribution
23_Isaias_24 from Coptic SCRIPTORIUM (https://copticscriptorium.org), corpus bohairic.ot, document 23_Isaias_24, version 6.0.0 (2024-10-31), annotations by Nina Speranskaja, Nicholas Wagner, Amir Zeldes; source edition Marcion, Hany Takla. Licensed CC BY-SA 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/); this derivative is released under the same licence. Marcion project, Hany Takla. Layers L1/L2 are modified: re-spelled (Cairene) / transliterated (Kemetic) by the Kemetic project, Yousef Hanna 2026.
generated by
tools/cairene.py from_witness on the L0 text (L1 = Cairene(N(L0)), RI-038 2026-09-16; RI-029 2026-09-11; DECISIONS.md 2026-09-09: punctuation O-6, jinkim O-3; segmentation-aware jinkim + spelling verdicts from the witness-aligned CoNLL-U segmentation, C3b; 2026-09-09 evening rulings: word division church, "until" base ϣⲁⲧⲉ-, nomina sacra ⲓ̅ⲥ̅/ⲡⲉⲭ︦ⲥ︦/Ⲑⲥ̅/Ⲩⲥ̅ expanded; numerals and abbreviations resolved by the normalization stage)
file
Bible/Old Testament/Isaiah/24.bohairic.scriptorium.L1.txt

L2 Kemetic

title
23_Isaias_24 — Kemetic
dialect
bohairic
source
generated from 24.bohairic.scriptorium.L1.txt
licence
CC BY-SA 4.0
share
attribution
attribution
23_Isaias_24 from Coptic SCRIPTORIUM (https://copticscriptorium.org), corpus bohairic.ot, document 23_Isaias_24, version 6.0.0 (2024-10-31), annotations by Nina Speranskaja, Nicholas Wagner, Amir Zeldes; source edition Marcion, Hany Takla. Licensed CC BY-SA 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/); this derivative is released under the same licence. Marcion project, Hany Takla. Layers L1/L2 are modified: re-spelled (Cairene) / transliterated (Kemetic) by the Kemetic project, Yousef Hanna 2026.
generated by
tools/coptic_to_kemetic.py convert() on the L1 text (letter rules of DECISIONS.md 2026-09-08)
file
Bible/Old Testament/Isaiah/24.bohairic.scriptorium.L2.txt

English

what it is
DRAFT English. Not a published translation: `existing` rows quote an aligned translation named in `basis`; `llm` rows are a language-model best guess from the dictionary gloss and context (Yousef asked for them, 2026-09-27; to be corrected later); check the source text before relying on any of it.
lines
23 quoted · 0 quoted with the alignment not cross-checked · 0 model drafts (marked “draft”)
quoted from
Brenton's Septuagint (1851) — aligned in Coptic SCRIPTORIUM bohairic.ot, 23_Isaias_24 (23 lines)

Cite as:

23_Isaias_24. Coptic SCRIPTORIUM corpus "bohairic.ot", document 23_Isaias_24. Layers as published by the Kemetic project (Yousef Hanna), 2026: Coptic · Cairene · Kemetic, /doc/bible/old-testament/isaiah/24.bohairic.scriptorium/. 23_Isaias_24 from Coptic SCRIPTORIUM (https://copticscriptorium.org), corpus bohairic.ot, document 23_Isaias_24, version 6.0.0 (2024-10-31), annotations by Nina Speranskaja, Nicholas Wagner, Amir Zeldes; source edition Marcion, Hany Takla. Licensed CC BY-SA 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/); this derivative is released under the same licence. Marcion project, Hany Takla. Layers L1/L2 are modified: re-spelled (Cairene) / transliterated (Kemetic) by the Kemetic project, Yousef Hanna 2026.

What the layers are

L0 witness
The text as its witness or edition has it, original spelling; its dialect is a description and is never standardized.
L0.5 transliteration
For Egyptian texts: the transliteration with the editors' marks turned into the symbols ° * < > _ ^ (ruled 2026-09-10). For papyri: the edition's Leiden marks as the same symbols, and the editors' readings beside the scribe's as ‹scribe→editors› (ruled PAP-3).
L1 Cairene
Standardized Greco-Bohairic spelling and grammar, generated by code from the layer above under the rulings of the project.
L2 Kemetic
The Kemetic alphabet, generated by code from L1.
English
Quoted translations where they exist, credited; otherwise model drafts, marked as drafts.