Joel 4 — Coptic · Cairene

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Source: Coptic SCRIPTORIUM corpus "sahidic.ot", document 29_Joel_04

Attribution: Joel 4 from Coptic SCRIPTORIUM (https://copticscriptorium.org), corpus sahidic.ot, document 29_Joel_04, version 6.1.0 (2025-06-30), annotations by Frank Feder, So Miyagawa, Elizabeth Platte, Caroline T. Schroeder, Amir Zeldes; source edition Crosswire, CoptOT. Licensed CC BY-SA 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/); this derivative is released under the same licence. CoptOT / Göttingen Digital Edition of the Coptic Old Testament, via Crosswire; English translation Brenton 1851 (ebible.org). Layers L1/L2 are modified: re-spelled (Cairene) / transliterated (Kemetic) by the Kemetic project, Yousef Hanna 2026.

Licence: CC-BY-SA 4.0

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0

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The text

22 lines · a line number is a link to itself

English: quoted translations are shown as they are, with their credit in the provenance; lines marked draft are language-model drafts made for this project (to be corrected), and alignment unchecked marks a quoted verse whose placement was not cross-checked. Check the Coptic before relying on any English line.

ref	L0 witness	L1 Cairene	L2 Kemetic	English
1	[modern ch 3]	[modern ch 3]	[modern ch 3]
4:1	ϫⲉⲉⲓⲥϩⲏⲏⲧⲉ ⲁⲛⲟⲕ ϩ︤ⲛ︥ⲛⲉϩⲟⲟⲩ ⲉⲧ︤ⲙ︥ⲙⲁⲩ ⲁⲩⲱ ϩ︤ⲙ︥ⲡⲉⲟⲩⲟⲉⲓϣ ⲉⲧ︤ⲙ︥ⲙⲁⲩ ⲉⲓϣⲁⲛⲕⲧⲟ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲓⲭⲙⲁⲗⲱⲥⲓⲁ ⲛ̄ⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲇⲁ ⲙ︤ⲛ︥ⲑⲓⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲗⲏⲙ	ϫⲉ ⲓⲥϩⲏⲡⲡⲉ ⲁⲛⲟⲕ ϧⲉⲛ ⲛ̀ⲉ̀ϩⲟⲟⲩ ⲉ̀ⲧⲉ ⲙ̀ⲙⲁⲩ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡ̀ⲥⲏⲟⲩ ⲉ̀ⲧⲉ ⲙ̀ⲙⲁⲩ ⲁⲓϣⲁⲛⲕⲧⲟ ⲛ̀ⲧⲁⲓⲭⲙⲁⲗⲱⲥⲓⲁ ⲛ̀ⲓⲟⲩⲇⲁ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲧ̀ϩⲓⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲗⲏⲙ	je is·hyppe anok xen ǹèhoou ète m̀mav ouoh xen p̀·syou ète m̀mav aiṡankto ǹtaixmalōsia ǹiouda nem t̀·hierousalym	For, behold, in those days and at that time, when I shall have turned the captivity of Juda and Jerusalem,
4:2	ϯⲛⲁⲥⲱⲟⲩϩ ⲉϩⲟⲩⲛ ⲛ̄ⲛ̄ϩⲉⲑⲛⲟⲥ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲛⲧⲟⲩ ⲉϩⲣⲁⲓ̈̈ ⲉⲡⲉⲓⲁ ⲛ̄ⲓⲱⲥⲁⲫⲁⲧ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁϫⲓ ϩⲁⲡ ⲛ︤ⲙ︥ⲙⲁⲩ ϩ︤ⲙ︥ⲡⲙⲁ ⲉⲧ︤ⲙ︥ⲙⲁⲩ ⲉⲧⲃⲉⲡⲁⲗⲁⲟⲥ ⲙ︤ⲛ︥ⲧⲁⲕⲗⲏⲣⲟⲛⲟⲙⲓⲁ ⲡⲓ︤ⲏ︦ⲗ︥ ⲛⲁⲓ̈ ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲩϫⲟⲟⲣⲟⲩ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ϩ︤ⲛ︥ⲛ̄ϩⲉⲑⲛⲟⲥ ⲁⲩⲱ ⲡⲁⲕⲁϩ ⲁⲩⲡⲟϣ︤ϥ︥ ⲉϩⲣⲁⲩ	ϯⲛⲁⲥⲱⲟⲩϩ ⲉ̀ϧⲟⲩⲛ ⲛ̀ⲛ̀ϩⲉⲑⲛⲟⲥ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ ⲉⲧⲁⲉⲛⲟⲩ ⲉϩⲣⲁⲓ ⲉ̀ⲡⲉⲓⲁ ⲛ̀ⲓⲱⲥⲁⲫⲁⲧ ⲛ̀ⲧⲁϭⲓ ϩⲁⲡ ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲟⲩ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡ̀ⲙⲁ ⲉ̀ⲧⲉ ⲙ̀ⲙⲁⲩ ⲉⲑⲃⲉ ⲡⲁⲗⲁⲟⲥ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲧⲁⲕ̀ⲗⲏⲣⲟⲛⲟⲙⲓⲁ ⲡⲓⲥⲣⲁⲏⲗ ⲛⲏⲓ ⲉⲧⲁⲩϫⲟⲟⲣⲟⲩ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ ϧⲉⲛ ⲛ̀ϩⲉⲑⲛⲟⲥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲁⲕⲁϩⲓ ⲁⲩⲫⲁϣϥ ⲉ̀ⲣⲟⲟⲩ	tinasōouh èxoun ǹǹheθnos tyrou etaenou ehrai èpeia ǹiōsafat ǹtaċi hap nemaou xen p̀ma ète m̀mav eθve palaos nem tak̀lyronomia pisrayl nyi etavgoorou èvol xen ǹheθnos ouoh pakahi avfaṡf èroou	I will also gather all the Gentiles, and bring them down to the valley of Josaphat, and will plead with them there for my people and my heritage Israel, who have been dispersed among the Gentiles; and these Gentiles have divided my land,
4:3	ⲁⲩⲛⲉϫⲕⲗⲏⲣⲟⲥ ⲉϫ︤ⲙ︥ⲡⲁⲗⲁⲟⲥ ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁⲩϯ ⲛ̄ⲛ̄ϣⲏⲣⲉ ϣⲏⲙ ⲉⲩⲡⲟⲣⲛⲉⲓⲁ ⲁⲩⲱ ⲛ̄ϣⲉⲉⲣⲉ ϣⲏⲙ ⲁⲩⲧⲁⲁⲩ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲁⲟⲩⲏⲣⲡ ⲁⲩⲥⲟⲟϥ	ⲁⲩⲛⲉϫⲕ̀ⲗⲏⲣⲟⲥ ⲉ̀ϫⲉⲛ ⲡⲁⲗⲁⲟⲥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁⲩϯ ⲛ̀ⲛ̀ϣⲏⲣⲓ ϣⲏⲙ ⲉ̀ⲟⲩⲡⲟⲣⲛⲓⲁ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛ̀ϣⲉⲉⲣⲉ ϣⲏⲙ ⲁⲩⲧⲏⲓⲟⲩ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ ϧⲁ ⲟⲩⲏⲣⲡ ⲁⲩⲥⲟⲟϥ	avnegk̀lyros èjen palaos ouoh avti ǹǹṡyri ṡym èoupornia ouoh ǹṡeere ṡym avtyiou èvol xa ouyrp avsoof	and cast lots over my people, and have given their boys to harlots, and sold their girls for wine, and have drunk.
4:4	ⲟⲩ ⲡⲉ ⲡⲉⲧ︤ⲛ︥ϩⲱⲃ ⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲧ︤ⲛ︥ ⲛ︤ⲙ︥ⲙⲁⲓ ⲧⲩⲣⲟⲥ ⲙ︤ⲛ︥ⲥⲓⲇⲱⲛ ⲁⲩⲱ ⲧⲅⲁⲗⲓⲗⲁⲓⲁ ⲧⲏⲣⲥ ⲛ̄ⲛ̄ⲁⲗⲗⲟⲫⲩⲗⲟⲥ ⲙⲏ ⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲧ︤ⲛ︥ ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁⲧⲱⲱⲃⲉ ⲛⲁⲓ̈ ⲛⲟⲩⲧⲱⲱⲃⲉ ⲏ ⲛ̄ⲧⲱⲧ︤ⲛ︥ ⲉⲧⲉⲧ︤ⲛ︥ⲛⲁⲙⲉⲉⲩⲉ ⲉⲩⲕⲁⲕⲓⲁ ⲉⲣⲟⲓ ϩ︤ⲛ︥ⲟⲩϭⲉⲡⲏ ⲉⲙⲛⲱⲥⲕ ϯⲛⲁϯ ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧⲛⲧⲱⲱⲃⲉ ⲉϫ︤ⲛ︥ⲛⲉⲧⲛⲁⲡⲏⲩⲉ	ⲟⲩ ⲡⲉ ⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲃ ⲛ̀ⲑⲱⲧⲉⲛ ⲛⲉⲙⲏⲓ ⲧⲩⲣⲟⲥ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲥⲓⲇⲱⲛ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲧ̀ⲅⲁⲗⲓⲗⲉⲁ ⲧⲏⲣⲥ ⲛ̀ⲛⲁⲗⲗⲟⲫⲩⲗⲟⲥ ⲙⲏ ⲛ̀ⲑⲱⲧⲉⲛ ⲉ̀ⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁⲧⲱⲱⲃⲉ ⲛⲏⲓ ⲛ̀ⲟⲩⲧⲱⲱⲃⲉ ⲓⲉ ⲛ̀ⲑⲱⲧⲉⲛ ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁⲙⲉⲩⲓ ⲉ̀ⲟⲩⲕⲁⲕⲓⲁ ⲉ̀ⲣⲟⲓ ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩϭⲉⲡⲏ ⲉⲙ̀ⲙⲟⲛ ⲱⲥⲕ ϯⲛⲁϯ ⲛ̀ⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛⲧⲱⲱⲃⲉ ⲉ̀ϫⲉⲛ ⲛⲉⲧⲉⲛⲁ̀ⲫⲏⲟⲩⲓ̀	ou pe petenhōb ǹθōten nemyi tiros nem sidōn ouoh t̀ġalilea tyrs ǹnallofilos my ǹθōten ètetnatōōve nyi ǹoutōōve ie ǹθōten etetennamevi èoukakia èroi xen ouċepy em̀mon ōsk tinati ǹpetentōōve èjen netenàfyouì	And what have ye to do with me, O Tyre, and Sidon, and all Galilee of the Gentiles? do ye render me a recompense? or do ye bear malice against me? quickly and speedily will I return your recompense on your own heads:
4:5	ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ϫⲉⲡⲁϩⲁⲧ ⲙ︤ⲛ︥ⲡⲁⲛⲟⲩⲃ ⲁⲧⲉⲧ︤ⲛ︥ϫⲓⲧⲟⲩ ⲁⲩⲱ ⲛⲁⲥⲱⲧⲡ ⲉⲧⲧⲙⲁⲉⲓⲏⲩ ⲁⲧⲉⲧ︤ⲛ︥ϫⲓⲧⲟⲩ ⲉϩⲟⲩⲛ ⲉⲛⲉⲧ︤ⲛ︥ⲣ̄ⲡⲏⲩⲉ	ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ ϫⲉⲡⲁϩⲁⲧ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲡⲁⲛⲟⲩⲃ ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϭⲓⲧⲟⲩ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲁⲥⲱⲧⲡ ⲉⲧⲧⲙⲁⲉⲓⲏⲩ ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϭⲓⲧⲟⲩ ⲉ̀ϧⲟⲩⲛ ⲉ̀ⲛⲉⲧⲉⲛⲣ̀ⲡⲏⲩⲉ	èvol jepahat nem panoub aretenċitou ouoh nasōtp ettmaeiyv aretenċitou èxoun ènetenr̀pyve	because ye have taken my silver and my gold, and ye have brought my choice ornaments into your temples;
4:6	ⲁⲩⲱ ⲛ̄ϣⲏⲣⲉ ⲛ̄ⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲇⲁ ⲙ︤ⲛ︥ⲛϣⲏⲣⲉ ⲛⲑⲓ︤ⲗ︦ⲏ︦ⲙ︥ ⲁⲧⲉⲧ︤ⲛ︥ⲧⲁⲁⲩ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲛ̄ⲛ̄ϣⲏⲣⲉ ⲛ̄ⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲉⲓⲉⲛⲓⲛ ϫⲉⲕⲁⲥ ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁⲛⲟϫⲟⲩ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ϩ︤ⲛ︥ⲛⲉⲩⲧⲟϣ	ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛ̀ϣⲏⲣⲓ ⲛ̀ⲓⲟⲩⲇⲁ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲛ̀ϣⲏⲣⲓ ⲛ̀ⲧ̀ϩⲓⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲗⲏⲙ ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲧⲏⲓⲟⲩ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ ⲛ̀ⲛ̀ϣⲏⲣⲓ ⲛ̀ⲛⲟⲩⲉⲓⲉⲛⲓⲛ ϩⲓⲛⲁ ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁⲛⲟϫⲟⲩ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ ϧⲉⲛ ⲛⲟⲩⲑⲟϣ	ouoh ǹṡyri ǹiouda nem ǹṡyri ǹt̀·hierousalym aretentyiou èvol ǹǹṡyri ǹnoueienin hina etetnanogou èvol xen nouθoṡ	and ye have sold the children of Juda and the children of Jerusalem to the children of the Greeks, that ye might expel them from their coasts.
4:7	ⲉⲓⲥ ϩⲏⲏⲧⲉ ⲁⲛⲟⲕ ϯⲛⲁⲧⲟⲩⲛⲟⲥⲟⲩ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ϩ︤ⲙ︥ⲡⲙⲁ ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛⲧⲁⲁⲩ ⲉϩⲣⲁⲓ̈̈ ⲉⲣⲟϥ ⲁⲩⲱ ϯⲛⲁϯ ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲧ︤ⲛ︥ⲧⲱⲱⲃⲉ ⲉϫ︤ⲛ︥ⲛⲉⲧⲛⲁⲡⲏⲩⲉ	ⲓⲥ ϩⲏⲡⲡⲉ ⲁⲛⲟⲕ ϯⲛⲁⲧⲟⲩⲛⲟⲥⲟⲩ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡ̀ⲙⲁ ⲉⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲧⲏⲓⲟⲩ ⲉϩⲣⲁⲓ ⲉ̀ⲣⲟϥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ϯⲛⲁϯ ⲛ̀ⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛⲧⲱⲱⲃⲉ ⲉ̀ϫⲉⲛ ⲛⲉⲧⲉⲛⲁ̀ⲫⲏⲟⲩⲓ̀	is hyppe anok tinatounosou èvol xen p̀ma etaretentyiou ehrai èrof ouoh tinati ǹpetentōōve èjen netenàfyouì	Therefore, behold, I will raise them up out of the place whither ye have sold them, and I will return your recompense on your own heads.
4:8	ⲁⲩⲱ ϯⲛⲁϯ ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲧ︤ⲛ︥ϣⲏⲣⲉ ⲙ︤ⲛ︥ⲛⲉⲧ︤ⲛ︥ϣⲉⲉⲣⲉ ⲉϩⲣⲁⲓ̈̈ ⲉⲧⲟⲟⲧⲟⲩ ⲛ̄ⲛ̄ϣⲏⲣⲉ ⲛⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲇⲁ ⲛ̄ⲥⲉⲧⲁⲁⲩ ⲉⲩⲁⲓⲙⲁⲗⲱⲥⲓⲁ ⲉⲩϩⲉⲑⲛⲟⲥ ⲉϥⲟⲩⲏϩ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ϫⲉⲁⲡϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ ϣⲁϫⲉ	ⲟⲩⲟϩ ϯⲛⲁϯ ⲛ̀ⲛⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲏⲣⲓ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲛⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲉⲉⲣⲉ ⲉϩⲣⲁⲓ ⲉ̀ⲧⲟⲧⲟⲩ ⲛ̀ⲛ̀ϣⲏⲣⲓ ⲛ̀ⲓⲟⲩⲇⲁ ⲛ̀ⲧⲟⲩⲧⲏⲓⲟⲩ ⲉⲩⲁⲓⲙⲁⲗⲱⲥⲓⲁ ⲉ̀ⲟⲩϩⲉⲑⲛⲟⲥ ⲉϥⲟⲩⲏϩ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ ϫⲉ ⲁ ⲡ̀ϭⲟⲓⲥ ⲥⲁϫⲓ	ouoh tinati ǹnetenṡyri nem netenṡeere ehrai ètotou ǹǹṡyri ǹiouda ǹtoutyiou evaimalōsia èouheθnos efouyh èvol je a p̀ċois saji	And I will sell your sons and your daughters into the hands of the children of Juda, and they shall sell them into captivity to a far distant nation: for the Lord has spoken it.
4:9	ⲧⲁϣⲉⲟⲉⲓϣ ⲛⲛⲁⲓ ϩ︤ⲛ︥ⲛ̄ϩⲉⲑⲛⲟⲥ ⲧⲃⲃⲟ ⲛⲟⲩⲡⲟⲗⲉⲙⲟⲥ ⲧⲟⲩⲛⲟⲥ ⲛ̄ⲛ̄ⲣⲉϥⲙⲓϣⲉ ϯⲡⲉⲧⲛⲟⲩⲟⲉⲓ ⲉϩⲟⲩⲛ ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲧ︤ⲛ︥ⲃⲱⲕ ⲉϩⲣⲁⲓ̈̈ ⲛ̄ⲣⲱⲙⲉ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ ⲛⲣⲉϥⲙⲓϣⲉ	ⲧⲁϣⲉⲟⲉⲓϣ ⲛ̀ⲛⲁⲓ ϧⲉⲛ ⲛ̀ϩⲉⲑⲛⲟⲥ ⲧⲟⲩⲃⲟ ⲛ̀ⲟⲩⲡⲟⲗⲉⲙⲟⲥ ⲧⲟⲩⲛⲟⲥ ⲛ̀ⲛ̀ⲣⲉϥⲙⲓϣⲉ ϯⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲟⲓ ⲉ̀ϧⲟⲩⲛ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲃⲱⲕ ⲉϩⲣⲁⲓ ⲛ̀ⲣⲱⲙⲓ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ ⲛ̀ⲣⲉϥⲙⲓϣⲉ	taṡeoeiṡ ǹnai xen ǹheθnos touvo ǹoupolemos tounos ǹǹrefmiṡe tipetenouoi èxoun ǹtetenvōk ehrai ǹrōmi tyrou ǹrefmiṡe	Proclaim these things among the Gentiles; declare war, arouse the warriors, draw near and go up, all ye men of war.
4:10	ⲟⲩⲱⲧϩ ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲧ︤ⲛ︥ⲥⲓⲛⲉ ⲛ̄ⲥⲕⲁⲓ ⲉϩⲉⲛⲥⲏϥⲉ ⲁⲩⲱ ⲛⲉⲧ︤ⲛ︥ⲟϩ︤ⲥ︥ ⲉϩⲉⲛⲙⲉⲣⲉϩ ⲡⲉⲧⲉⲙⲛϭⲟⲙ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ ⲙⲁⲣⲉϥϫⲟⲟⲥ ϫⲉϯϭ︤ⲙ︥ϭⲟⲙ ⲁⲛⲟⲕ	ⲟⲩⲱⲧϩ ⲛ̀ⲛⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲓⲛⲉ ⲛ̀ⲥⲭⲁⲓ ⲉ̀ϩⲁⲛⲥⲏϥⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟϩ̀ⲥ ⲉ̀ϩⲁⲛⲙⲉⲣⲉϩ ⲡⲉ̀ⲧⲉ ⲙ̀ⲙⲟⲛ ϫⲟⲙ ⲙ̀ⲙⲟϥ ⲙⲁⲣⲉϥϫⲟⲥ ϫⲉ ϯϫⲉⲙϫⲟⲙ ⲁⲛⲟⲕ	ouōt·h ǹnetensine ǹskai èhansyfi ouoh netenoh̀s èhanmereh pète m̀mon gom m̀mof marefgos je tijemgom anok	Beat your ploughshares into swords, and your sickles into spears: let the weak say, I am strong.
4:11	ⲥⲉⲩϩⲧⲏⲩⲧ︤ⲛ︥ ⲉϩⲟⲩⲛ ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲧⲛⲃⲱⲕ ⲉϩⲟⲩⲛ ⲛ̄ϩⲉⲑⲛⲟⲥ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ ⲉⲧ ϩⲓⲛⲉⲩⲉⲣⲏⲩ ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲧ︤ⲛ︥ⲥⲉⲩϩⲧⲏⲩⲧ︤ⲛ︥ ⲉⲡⲙⲁ ⲉⲧ︤ⲙ︥ⲙⲁⲩ ⲡⲣⲙⲣⲁϣ ⲙⲁⲣⲉϥϣⲱⲡⲉ ⲛⲣⲉϥⲙⲓϣⲉ	ⲥⲉⲩϩ ⲑⲏⲛⲟⲩ ⲉ̀ϧⲟⲩⲛ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲃⲱⲕ ⲉ̀ϧⲟⲩⲛ ⲛ̀ϩⲉⲑⲛⲟⲥ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ ⲉⲧ ϩⲓ ⲛⲟⲩⲉ̀ⲣⲏⲟⲩ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲉⲩϩ ⲑⲏⲛⲟⲩ ⲉ̀ⲡ̀ⲙⲁ ⲉ̀ⲧⲉ ⲙ̀ⲙⲁⲩ ⲡ̀ⲣⲉⲙⲣⲁⲩϣ ⲙⲁⲣⲉϥϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲛ̀ⲣⲉϥⲙⲓϣⲉ	sevh θynou èxoun ǹtetenvōk èxoun ǹheθnos tyrou et hi nouèryou ǹtetensevh θynou èp̀ma ète m̀mav p̀remravṡ marefṡōpi ǹrefmiṡe	Gather yourselves together, and go in, all ye nations round about, and gather yourselves there: let the timid become a warrior.
4:12	ⲙⲁⲣⲟⲩⲧⲱⲟⲩⲛ ⲛ̄ⲥⲉⲃⲱⲕ ⲉϩⲣⲁⲓ̈̈ ⲛ̄ϭⲓⲛ̄ϩⲉⲑⲛⲟⲥ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ ⲉⲧ ϩⲓⲛⲉⲩⲉⲣⲏⲩ ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲧ︤ⲛ︥ⲥⲉⲩϩⲧⲏⲩⲧ︤ⲛ︥ ⲉⲡⲙⲁ ⲉⲧ︤ⲙ︥ⲙⲁⲩ ⲡⲣⲙⲣⲁϣ ⲙⲁⲣⲉϥϣⲱⲡⲉ ⲛⲣⲉϥⲙⲓϣⲉ	ⲙⲁⲣⲟⲩⲧⲱⲟⲩⲛ ⲛ̀ⲧⲟⲩⲃⲱⲕ ⲉϩⲣⲁⲓ ⲛ̀ϫⲉ ⲛ̀ϩⲉⲑⲛⲟⲥ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ ⲉⲧ ϩⲓ ⲛⲟⲩⲉ̀ⲣⲏⲟⲩ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲉⲩϩ ⲑⲏⲛⲟⲩ ⲉ̀ⲡ̀ⲙⲁ ⲉ̀ⲧⲉ ⲙ̀ⲙⲁⲩ ⲡ̀ⲣⲉⲙⲣⲁⲩϣ ⲙⲁⲣⲉϥϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲛ̀ⲣⲉϥⲙⲓϣⲉ	maroutōoun ǹtouvōk ehrai ǹje ǹheθnos tyrou et hi nouèryou ǹtetensevh θynou èp̀ma ète m̀mav p̀remravṡ marefṡōpi ǹrefmiṡe	Let them be aroused, let all the nations go up to the valley of Josaphat: for there will I sit to judge all the Gentiles round about.
4:13	ⲧⲛⲛⲟⲟⲩ ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲧⲛⲟϩ︤ⲥ︥ ϫⲉⲁⲡϫⲱⲱⲗⲉ ϩⲱⲛ ⲉϩⲟⲩⲛ ⲃⲱⲕ ⲉϩⲟⲩⲛ ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲧ︤ⲛ︥ϩⲱⲙ ϫⲉⲁⲧⲉϩⲣⲱⲧ ⲙⲟⲩϩ ⲁⲩⲱ ⲛⲉⲓⲟⲙ ⲁⲩⲣ ϩⲟⲩⲉ ⲡⲱⲱⲛ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ϫⲉⲁⲥⲁϣⲁⲓ ⲛ̄ϭⲓⲧⲉⲩⲕⲁⲕⲓⲁ	ⲟⲩⲱⲣⲡ ⲛ̀ⲛⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟϩ̀ⲥ ϫⲉ ⲁ ⲡ̀ϭⲱⲗ ϩⲱⲛ ⲉ̀ϧⲟⲩⲛ ⲃⲱⲕ ⲉ̀ϧⲟⲩⲛ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϩⲱⲙⲓ ϫⲉ ⲁⲧ̀ϩⲣⲱⲧ ⲙⲟϩ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲁⲓⲟⲙ ⲁⲩⲣ ϩⲟⲩⲉ ⲡⲱⲱⲛ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ ϫⲉ ⲁⲥⲁ̀ϣⲁⲓ ⲛ̀ϫⲉ ⲧⲟⲩⲕⲁⲕⲓⲁ	ouōrp ǹnetenoh̀s je a p̀ċōl hōn èxoun vōk èxoun ǹtetenhōmi je at̀·hrōt moh ouoh naiom avr houe pōōn èvol je asàṡai ǹje toukakia	Bring forth the sickles, for the vintage is come: go in, tread the grapes, for the press is full: cause the vats to overflow; for their wickedness is multiplied.
4:14	ϩⲉⲛⲣⲟⲟⲩ ⲁⲩⲱϣ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ϩ︤ⲙ︥ⲡⲓⲁ ⲙ̄ⲡϩⲁⲡ ⲁⲩⲱ ϥϩⲏⲛ ⲉϩⲟⲩⲛ ⲛ̄ϭⲓⲡϩⲟⲟⲩ ⲙ̄ⲡϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ ϩ︤ⲙ︥ⲡⲓⲁ ⲙ̄ⲡϩⲁⲡ	ϩⲁⲛⲣⲟⲟⲩ ⲁⲩⲱϣ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲓⲁ ⲛ̀ⲡ̀ϩⲁⲡ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ϥ̀ϩⲏⲛ ⲉ̀ϧⲟⲩⲛ ⲛ̀ϫⲉ ⲡ̀ⲉ̀ϩⲟⲟⲩ ⲛ̀ⲡ̀ϭⲟⲓⲥ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲓⲁ ⲛ̀ⲡ̀ϩⲁⲡ	hanroou avōṡ èvol xen pia ǹp̀hap ouoh f̀hyn èxoun ǹje p̀èhoou ǹp̀ċois xen pia ǹp̀hap	Noises have resounded in the valley of judgment: for the day of the Lord is near in the valley of judgment.
4:15	ⲡⲣⲏ ⲙ︤ⲛ︥ⲡⲟⲟϩ ⲥⲛⲁⲣ ⲉⲃⲏ ⲁⲩⲱ ⲛ̄ⲥⲓⲟⲩ ⲛ̄ⲥⲉⲛⲁϯ ⲁⲛ ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲩⲟⲩⲟⲉⲓⲛ	ⲡ̀ⲣⲏ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲡⲓⲟϩ ⲥ̀ⲛⲁⲣ ⲉⲃⲏ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛ̀ⲥⲓⲟⲩ ⲛ̀ⲥⲉⲛⲁϯ ⲁⲛ ⲛ̀ⲡⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱⲓⲛⲓ	p̀ry nem pioh s̀nar evy ouoh ǹsiou ǹsenati an ǹpououōini	The sun and the moon shall be darkened, and the stars shall withdraw their light.
4:16	ⲡϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ ⲇⲉ ϥⲛⲁⲱϣ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ϩ︤ⲛ︥ⲥⲓⲱⲛ ⲁⲩⲱ ϥⲛⲁϯ ⲙ̄ⲡⲉϥϩⲣⲟⲟⲩ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ϩ︤ⲛ︥ⲑⲓ︤ⲗ︦ⲏ︦ⲙ︥ ⲧⲡⲉ ⲙ︤ⲛ︥ⲡⲕⲁϩ ⲛⲁⲛⲟⲉⲓⲛ ⲡϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ ⲇⲉ ⲛⲁϯⲥⲟ ⲉⲡⲉϥⲗⲁⲟⲥ ⲁⲩⲱ ϥⲛⲁϯϭⲟⲙ ⲛ̄ⲛ̄ϣⲏⲣⲉ ⲙ̄ⲡⲓ︤ⲏ︦ⲗ︥	ⲡ̀ϭⲟⲓⲥ ⲇⲉ ϥ̀ⲛⲁⲱϣ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ ϧⲉⲛ ⲥⲓⲱⲛ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ϥ̀ⲛⲁϯ ⲛ̀ⲡⲉϥϩⲣⲟⲟⲩ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ ϧⲉⲛ ⲧ̀ϩⲓⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲗⲏⲙ ⲧ̀ⲫⲉ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲡ̀ⲕⲁϩⲓ ⲛⲁⲛⲟⲉⲓⲛ ⲡ̀ϭⲟⲓⲥ ⲇⲉ ⲛⲁϯⲁⲥⲟ ⲉ̀ⲡⲉϥⲗⲁⲟⲥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ϥ̀ⲛⲁϯϭⲟⲙ ⲛ̀ⲛ̀ϣⲏⲣⲓ ⲛ̀ⲡⲓⲥⲣⲁⲏⲗ	p̀ċois ḋe f̀naōṡ èvol xen siōn ouoh f̀nati ǹpefhroou èvol xen t̀·hierousalym t̀fe nem p̀kahi nanoein p̀ċois ḋe natiaso èpeflaos ouoh f̀natiċom ǹǹṡyri ǹpisrayl	And the Lord shall cry out of Sion, and shall utter his voice from Jerusalem; and the heaven and the earth shall be shaken, but the Lord shall spare his people, and shall strengthen the children of Israel.
4:17	ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲧ︤ⲛ︥ⲉⲓⲙⲉ ϫⲉⲁⲛⲟⲕ ⲡⲉ ⲡϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ ⲡⲉⲧ︤ⲛ︥ⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲉⲓⲟⲩⲏϩ ϩ︤ⲛ︥ⲥⲓⲱⲛ ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲟⲩ ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲁⲁⲃ ⲁⲩⲱ ⲑⲓ︤ⲗ︦ⲏ︦ⲙ︥ ⲛⲁϣⲱⲡⲉ ⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲡⲟⲗⲓⲥ ⲉⲥⲟⲩⲁⲁⲃ ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲧ︤ⲙ︥ϣ︤ⲙ︥ⲙⲟ ϭⲉ ⲙⲟⲟϣⲉ ⲉϩⲣⲁⲓ̈̈ ⲛ̄ϩⲏⲧ︤ⲥ︥	ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉⲙⲓ ϫⲉ ⲁⲛⲟⲕ ⲡⲉ ⲡ̀ϭⲟⲓⲥ ⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲟⲩϯ ⲉⲓⲟⲩⲏϩ ϧⲉⲛ ⲥⲓⲱⲛ ⲡⲁⲧⲱⲟⲩ ⲉⲑⲟⲩⲁⲃ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲧ̀ϩⲓⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲗⲏⲙ ⲛⲁϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲛ̀ⲟⲩⲡⲟⲗⲓⲥ ⲉⲥⲟⲩⲁⲃ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉϣⲧⲉⲙϣⲉⲙⲙⲟ ϭⲉ ⲙⲟϣⲓ ⲉϩⲣⲁⲓ ⲛ̀ϧⲏⲧⲥ	ǹtetenemi je anok pe p̀ċois petennouti eiouyh xen siōn patōou eθouab ouoh t̀·hierousalym naṡōpi ǹoupolis esouab ǹteṡtemṡemmo ċe moṡi ehrai ǹxyts	And ye shall know that I am the Lord your God, who dwell in Sion my holy mountain: and Jerusalem shall be holy, and strangers shall not pass through her any more.
4:18	ⲁⲩⲱ ⲥⲛⲁϣⲱⲡⲉ ϩ︤ⲙ︥ⲡⲉϩⲟⲟⲩ ⲉⲧ︤ⲙ︥ⲙⲁⲩ ⲛ̄ⲧⲟⲩⲉⲓⲏ ⲛⲁϣⲟⲩⲟ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲛⲟⲩⲗⲟϭ ⲁⲩⲱ ⲛ̄ⲃⲟⲩⲛⲟⲥ ⲥⲉⲛⲁϣⲟⲩⲉⲉⲣⲱⲧⲉ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲁⲩⲱ ⲙ̄ⲙⲁ ⲛ̄ϯⲙⲟⲟⲩ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ ⲛ̄ⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲇⲁ ⲥⲉⲛⲁⲧⲁⲩⲉⲛⲉⲩⲙⲟⲟⲩ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲁⲩⲱ ⲟⲩⲛⲟⲩⲡⲏⲅⲏ ⲛⲁⲉⲓ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ϩ︤ⲙ︥ⲡⲏⲓ ⲙ̄ⲡϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ ⲛ̄ⲥⲧⲟ ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲭⲉⲓⲙⲁⲣⲣⲟⲥ ⲛ̄ⲛ̄ϣⲟⲛⲧⲉ	ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲥ̀ⲛⲁϣⲱⲡⲓ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡ̀ⲉ̀ϩⲟⲟⲩ ⲉ̀ⲧⲉ ⲙ̀ⲙⲁⲩ ⲛ̀ⲧⲟⲩⲉⲓⲏ ⲛⲁϣⲟⲩⲟ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ ⲛ̀ⲟⲩⲗⲟϭ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛ̀ⲃⲟⲩⲛⲟⲥ ⲥⲉⲛⲁϣⲟⲩⲉⲉⲣⲱⲧⲉ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛ̀ⲙⲁ ⲛ̀ⲧⲁⲓ̀ⲙⲟⲩ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ ⲛ̀ⲓⲟⲩⲇⲁ ⲥⲉⲛⲁⲧⲁⲩⲉⲛⲟⲩⲙⲟⲩ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲟⲩⲟⲛ ⲟⲩⲡⲏⲅⲏ ⲛⲁⲓ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡ̀ⲏⲓ ⲛ̀ⲡ̀ϭⲟⲓⲥ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲥⲧⲟⲓ ⲛ̀ⲡ̀ⲭⲉⲓⲙⲁⲣⲣⲟⲥ ⲛ̀ⲛ̀ϣⲟⲛⲧⲉ	ouoh s̀naṡōpi xen p̀èhoou ète m̀mav ǹtoueiy naṡouo èvol ǹouloċ ouoh ǹbounos senaṡoueerōte èvol ouoh ǹma ǹtaìmou tyrou ǹiouda senatavenoumou èvol ouoh ouon oupygy nai èvol xen p̀yi ǹp̀ċois ǹtestoi ǹp̀ṡeimarros ǹǹṡonte	And it shall come to pass in that day that the mountains shall drop sweet wine, and the hills shall flow with milk, and all the fountains of Juda shall flow with water, and a fountain shall go forth of the house of the Lord, and water the valley of flags.
4:19	ⲕⲏⲙⲉ ⲛⲁϣⲱⲡⲉ ⲉⲩⲧⲁⲕⲟ ⲁⲩⲱ ϯⲇⲟⲩⲙⲁⲓⲁ ⲉⲩⲙⲁ ⲛ̄ϫⲁⲓ̈ⲉ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲕⲟ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲙ̄ⲡϫⲓⲛϭⲟⲛ︤ⲥ︥ ⲛ̄ⲛ̄ϣⲏⲣⲉ ⲛ̄ⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲇⲁ ⲉⲧⲃⲉϫⲉⲁⲩⲡⲉϩⲧⲟⲩⲥⲛⲟϥ ⲛ̄ⲇⲓⲕⲁⲓⲟⲓ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ϩ︤ⲙ︥ⲡⲉⲩⲕⲁϩ	ⲭⲏⲙⲓ ⲛⲁϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲉⲩⲧⲁⲕⲟ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲧ ⲉ̀ⲟⲩⲙⲁ ⲛ̀ϫⲁⲓⲉ ⲛ̀ⲧⲁⲕⲟ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ ⲛ̀ⲡ̀ϭⲓⲛϫⲟⲛⲥ ⲛ̀ⲛ̀ϣⲏⲣⲓ ⲛ̀ⲓⲟⲩⲇⲁ ⲉⲑⲃⲉ ϫⲉ ⲁⲩⲡⲉϩⲧⲟⲩⲥ̀ⲛⲟϥ ⲛ̀ⲇⲓⲕⲁⲓⲟⲓ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲟⲩⲕⲁϩⲓ	kymi naṡōpi evtako ouoh t èouma ǹgaie ǹtako èvol ǹp̀ċingons ǹǹṡyri ǹiouda eθve je avpehtous̀nof ǹḋikaioi èvol xen poukahi	Egypt shall be a desolation, and Idumea shall be a desolate plain, because of the wrongs of the children of Juda, because they have shed righteous blood in their land.
4:20	ϯⲇⲟⲩⲙⲁⲓⲁ ⲇⲉ ⲥⲛⲁϭⲱⲣ︤ϭ︥ ϣⲁⲉⲛⲉϩ ⲁⲩⲱ ⲑⲓ︤ⲗ︦ⲏ︦ⲙ︥ ⲉϩⲉⲛϫⲱⲙ ⲛ̄ϫⲱⲙ	ⲧ ⲇⲉ ⲥ̀ⲛⲁϫⲱⲣϫ ϣⲁ ⲉ̀ⲛⲉϩ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲧ̀ϩⲓⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲁⲗⲏⲙ ⲉ̀ϩⲁⲛϫⲱⲙ ⲛ̀ϫⲱⲙ	t ḋe s̀nagōrg ṡa èneh ouoh t̀·hierousalym èhangōm ǹgōm	But Judea shall be inhabited for ever, and Jerusalem to all generations.
4:21	ⲁⲩⲱ ϯⲛⲁⲉⲓⲣⲉ ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲕⲃⲁ ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲩⲥⲛⲟϥ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲧ︤ⲙ︥ⲕⲱ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲁⲩⲱ ⲡϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ ϥⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱϩ ϩ︤ⲛ︥ⲥⲓⲱⲛ	ⲟⲩⲟϩ ϯⲛⲁⲓ̀ⲣⲓ ⲛ̀ⲡ̀ⲕⲃⲁ ⲛ̀ⲡⲟⲩⲥ̀ⲛⲟϥ ⲛ̀ⲧⲁϣⲧⲉⲙⲭⲱ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡ̀ϭⲟⲓⲥ ϥ̀ⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱϩ ϧⲉⲛ ⲥⲓⲱⲛ	ouoh tinaìri ǹp̀kva ǹpous̀nof ǹtaṡtemkō èvol ouoh p̀ċois f̀naouōh xen siōn	And I will make inquisition for their blood, and will by no means leave it unavenged: and the Lord shall dwell in Sion.

Provenance

title: Joel 4
dialect: sahidic
source: Coptic SCRIPTORIUM corpus "sahidic.ot", document 29_Joel_04
licence: CC-BY-SA 4.0
share: attribution
attribution: Joel 4 from Coptic SCRIPTORIUM (https://copticscriptorium.org), corpus sahidic.ot, document 29_Joel_04, version 6.1.0 (2025-06-30), annotations by Frank Feder, So Miyagawa, Elizabeth Platte, Caroline T. Schroeder, Amir Zeldes; source edition Crosswire, CoptOT. Licensed CC BY-SA 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/); this derivative is released under the same licence. CoptOT / Göttingen Digital Edition of the Coptic Old Testament, via Crosswire; English translation Brenton 1851 (ebible.org). Layers L1/L2 are modified: re-spelled (Cairene) / transliterated (Kemetic) by the Kemetic project, Yousef Hanna 2026.
annotation: segmentation automatic · tagging automatic · parsing automatic (SCRIPTORIUM meta.json; document version 6.1.0, 2025-06-30)
file: Bible/Old Testament/Joel/04.sahidic.scriptorium.L0.txt
title: Joel 4 — Cairene
dialect: bohairic
source: generated from 04.sahidic.scriptorium.L0.txt (Coptic SCRIPTORIUM corpus "sahidic.ot", document 29_Joel_04)
licence: CC BY-SA 4.0
share: attribution
attribution: Joel 4 from Coptic SCRIPTORIUM (https://copticscriptorium.org), corpus sahidic.ot, document 29_Joel_04, version 6.1.0 (2025-06-30), annotations by Frank Feder, So Miyagawa, Elizabeth Platte, Caroline T. Schroeder, Amir Zeldes; source edition Crosswire, CoptOT. Licensed CC BY-SA 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/); this derivative is released under the same licence. CoptOT / Göttingen Digital Edition of the Coptic Old Testament, via Crosswire; English translation Brenton 1851 (ebible.org). Layers L1/L2 are modified: re-spelled (Cairene) / transliterated (Kemetic) by the Kemetic project, Yousef Hanna 2026.
annotation: segmentation automatic · tagging automatic · parsing automatic (SCRIPTORIUM meta.json; document version 6.1.0, 2025-06-30)
generated by: tools/sahidic_to_cairene.py (route D, C3a 2026-09-24; tier b, ROUTE-2 2026-09-26) then tools/cairene.py from_witness dialect=bohairic on the intermediate (L1 = Cairene(N_B(D(N_S(L0)))), RI-038; word division church); Sahidic N stage counts: abbrev=6 aspirate_boundary_resolved=4 lexeme_L1-S-3=2 stroke_kept=115 stroke_unified=243 th_resolved=1 tokens=320
file: Bible/Old Testament/Joel/04.sahidic.scriptorium.L1.txt
title: Joel 4 — Kemetic
dialect: bohairic
source: generated from 04.sahidic.scriptorium.L1.txt
licence: CC BY-SA 4.0
share: attribution
attribution: Joel 4 from Coptic SCRIPTORIUM (https://copticscriptorium.org), corpus sahidic.ot, document 29_Joel_04, version 6.1.0 (2025-06-30), annotations by Frank Feder, So Miyagawa, Elizabeth Platte, Caroline T. Schroeder, Amir Zeldes; source edition Crosswire, CoptOT. Licensed CC BY-SA 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/); this derivative is released under the same licence. CoptOT / Göttingen Digital Edition of the Coptic Old Testament, via Crosswire; English translation Brenton 1851 (ebible.org). Layers L1/L2 are modified: re-spelled (Cairene) / transliterated (Kemetic) by the Kemetic project, Yousef Hanna 2026.
annotation: segmentation automatic · tagging automatic · parsing automatic (SCRIPTORIUM meta.json; document version 6.1.0, 2025-06-30)
generated by: tools/coptic_to_kemetic.py convert() on the L1 text (letter rules of DECISIONS.md 2026-09-08)
file: Bible/Old Testament/Joel/04.sahidic.scriptorium.L2.txt
what it is: DRAFT English. Not a published translation: `existing` rows quote an aligned translation named in `basis`; `llm` rows are a language-model best guess from the dictionary gloss and context (Yousef asked for them, 2026-09-27; to be corrected later); check the source text before relying on any of it.
lines: 21 quoted · 0 quoted with the alignment not cross-checked · 0 model drafts (marked “draft”)
quoted from: Brenton's Septuagint (1851) — aligned in Coptic SCRIPTORIUM sahidic.ot, 29_Joel_04 (21 lines)

Cite as:

Joel 4. Coptic SCRIPTORIUM corpus "sahidic.ot", document 29_Joel_04. Layers as published by the Kemetic project (Yousef Hanna), 2026: Coptic · Cairene · Kemetic, /doc/bible/old-testament/joel/04.sahidic.scriptorium/. Joel 4 from Coptic SCRIPTORIUM (https://copticscriptorium.org), corpus sahidic.ot, document 29_Joel_04, version 6.1.0 (2025-06-30), annotations by Frank Feder, So Miyagawa, Elizabeth Platte, Caroline T. Schroeder, Amir Zeldes; source edition Crosswire, CoptOT. Licensed CC BY-SA 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/); this derivative is released under the same licence. CoptOT / Göttingen Digital Edition of the Coptic Old Testament, via Crosswire; English translation Brenton 1851 (ebible.org). Layers L1/L2 are modified: re-spelled (Cairene) / transliterated (Kemetic) by the Kemetic project, Yousef Hanna 2026.

What the layers are

L0 witness
The text as its witness or edition has it, original spelling; its dialect is a description and is never standardized.

L0.5 transliteration
For Egyptian texts: the transliteration with the editors' marks turned into the symbols ° * < > _ ^ (ruled 2026-09-10). For papyri: the edition's Leiden marks as the same symbols, and the editors' readings beside the scribe's as ‹scribe→editors› (ruled PAP-3).

L1 Cairene
Standardized Greco-Bohairic spelling and grammar, generated by code from the layer above under the rulings of the project.

L2 Kemetic
The Kemetic alphabet, generated by code from L1.

English
Quoted translations where they exist, credited; otherwise model drafts, marked as drafts.