Proverbs 16 — Coptic · Cairene

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Source: Coptic SCRIPTORIUM corpus "sahidic.ot", document 20_Proverbs_16

Attribution: Proverbs 16 from Coptic SCRIPTORIUM (https://copticscriptorium.org), corpus sahidic.ot, document 20_Proverbs_16, version 6.1.0 (2025-06-30), annotations by Frank Feder, So Miyagawa, Elizabeth Platte, Caroline T. Schroeder, Amir Zeldes; source edition Crosswire, CoptOT. Licensed CC BY-SA 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/); this derivative is released under the same licence. CoptOT / Göttingen Digital Edition of the Coptic Old Testament, via Crosswire; English translation Brenton 1851 (ebible.org). Layers L1/L2 are modified: re-spelled (Cairene) / transliterated (Kemetic) by the Kemetic project, Yousef Hanna 2026.

Licence: CC-BY-SA 4.0

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0

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29 lines · a line number is a link to itself

English: quoted translations are shown as they are, with their credit in the provenance; lines marked draft are language-model drafts made for this project (to be corrected), and alignment unchecked marks a quoted verse whose placement was not cross-checked. Check the Coptic before relying on any English line.

ref	L0 witness	L1 Cairene	L2 Kemetic	English
16:2	ⲛⲉϩⲃⲏⲩⲉ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ ⲙⲡⲉⲧⲑⲃⲃⲓⲏⲩ ⲟⲩⲟⲛϩ ⲉⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲛⲁⲥⲉⲃⲏⲥ ⲇⲉ ⲛⲁⲧⲁⲕⲟ ϩⲛⲟⲩϩⲟⲟⲩ ⲉϥϩⲟⲟⲩ	ⲛ̀ϩ̀ⲃⲏⲟⲩⲓ̀ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ ⲛ̀ⲡⲉⲧⲑⲃⲃⲓⲏⲩ ⲟⲩⲟⲛϩ ⲉ̀ⲫ̀ⲛⲟⲩϯ ⲛ̀ⲁ̀ⲥⲉⲃⲏⲥ ⲇⲉ ⲛⲁⲧⲁⲕⲟ ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲉ̀ϩⲟⲟⲩ ⲉϥϩⲟⲟⲩ	ǹh̀vyouì tyrou ǹpetθvviyv ouonh èf̀nouti ǹàsebys ḋe natako xen ouèhoou efhoou	All the works of the humble man are manifest with God; but the ungodly shall perish in an evil day.
16:5	ⲟⲩⲃⲟⲧⲉ ⲛⲛⲁϩⲣⲙⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲡⲉ ϫⲁⲥⲓϩⲏⲧ ⲛⲓⲙ ⲡⲉⲧⲛⲁϯⲧⲟⲟⲧϥ ⲇⲉ ⲛⲟⲩⲁ ϩⲛⲟⲩϫⲓ ⲛϭⲟⲛⲥ ⲛϥⲛⲁⲑⲣⲃⲟⲗ ⲁⲛ	ⲟⲩⲃⲱϯ ϧⲁⲧⲉⲛ ⲫ̀ⲛⲟⲩϯ ⲡ ϭⲁⲥⲓϩⲏⲧ ⲛⲓⲃⲉⲛ ⲡⲉⲧⲛⲁϯⲧⲟⲟⲧϥ ⲇⲉ ⲛ̀ⲟⲩⲁⲓ ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩϭⲓ ⲛ̀ϫⲟⲛⲥ ⲛ̀ϥⲛⲁⲓⲑⲣⲃⲟⲗ ⲁⲛ	ouvōti xaten f̀nouti p ċasihyt niven petnatitootf ḋe ǹouai xen ouċi ǹgons ǹfnaiθrvol an	Every one that is proud in heart is unclean before God, and he that unjustly strikes hands with hand shall not be held guiltless. The beginning of a good way is to do justly; and it is more acceptable with God than to offer sacrifices. He that seeks the Lord shall find knowledge with righteousness: and they that rightly seek him shall find peace. All of the works of the Lord are done with righteousness; and the ungodly man is kept for the evil day.
16:7	ⲧⲁⲣⲭⲏ ⲛⲧⲉϩⲓⲏ ⲉⲧⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩⲥ ⲡⲉ ⲉⲓⲣⲉ ⲑⲛⲙⲙⲛⲧⲙⲉ ⲧⲇⲓⲕⲁⲓⲟⲥⲩⲛⲏ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲥⲟⲧⲡ ⲛⲁϩⲣⲙⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲉϩⲟⲩⲉⲧⲉⲑⲩⲥⲓⲁ ⲛⲛⲁⲛⲟⲙⲟⲥ	ⲧⲁⲣⲭⲏ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ ⲙⲱⲓⲧ ⲉⲧⲛⲁⲛⲉⲥ ⲡⲉ ⲓ̀ⲣⲓ ⲑⲛⲙⲙⲉⲑⲙⲏⲓ ⲧ̀ⲇⲓⲕⲁⲓⲟⲥⲩⲛⲏ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲥⲟⲧⲡ ⲛⲁϩⲣⲙⲫ̀ⲛⲟⲩϯ ⲉ̀ϩⲟⲧⲉⲧ̀ⲑⲩⲥⲓⲁ ⲛ̀ⲛⲁⲛⲟⲙⲟⲥ	tarṡy ǹte mōit etnanes pe ìri θnmmeθmyi t̀ḋikaiosiny ġar sotp nahrmf̀nouti èhotet̀θisia ǹnanomos	draft · highThe beginning of the good way is to do justice; for righteousness is acceptable before God more than the sacrifice of the lawless.
16:8	ⲡⲉⲧϣⲓⲛⲉ ⲛⲥⲁⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲛⲁϩⲉ ⲉⲩⲥⲟⲟⲩⲛ ϩⲛⲟⲩⲇⲓⲕⲁⲓⲟⲥⲩⲛⲏ ⲡⲉⲧϣⲓⲛⲉ ⲇⲉ ⲛⲥⲱϥ ϩⲛⲟⲩⲥⲟⲟⲩⲧⲛ ⲛⲁϩⲉ ⲉⲩⲉⲓⲣⲏⲛⲏ	ⲡⲉⲧϣⲓⲛⲓ ⲛ̀ⲥⲁ ⲫ̀ⲛⲟⲩϯ ⲛⲁϩⲉⲓ ⲉⲩⲥⲱⲟⲩⲛ ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲇⲓⲕⲁⲓⲟⲥⲩⲛⲏ ⲡⲉⲧϣⲓⲛⲓ ⲇⲉ ⲛ̀ⲥⲱϥ ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲥⲟⲟⲩⲧⲛ ⲛⲁϫⲓⲙⲓ ⲉ̀ⲟⲩⲉⲓⲣⲏⲛⲏ	petṡini ǹsa f̀nouti nahei evsōoun xen ouḋikaiosiny petṡini ḋe ǹsōf xen ousooutn najimi èoueiryny	draft · highHe who seeks God will find knowledge with righteousness, and those who seek him rightly will find peace.
16:9	ⲉⲣⲉⲛⲉϩⲃⲏⲩⲉ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ ⲙⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ ϩⲛⲟⲩⲇⲓⲕⲁⲓⲟⲥⲩⲛⲏ ⲉⲩϩⲁⲣⲉϩ ⲇⲉ ⲉⲡⲁⲥⲉⲃⲏⲥ ⲉⲩϩⲟⲟⲩ ⲉϥϩⲟⲟⲩ	ⲉ̀ⲣⲉⲛ̀ϩ̀ⲃⲏⲟⲩⲓ̀ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ ⲛ̀ⲫ̀ⲛⲟⲩϯ ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲇⲓⲕⲁⲓⲟⲥⲩⲛⲏ ⲉⲩⲁ̀ⲣⲉϩ ⲇⲉ ⲉ̀ⲡⲁ̀ⲥⲉⲃⲏⲥ ⲉⲩϩⲟⲟⲩ ⲉϥϩⲟⲟⲩ	èreǹh̀vyouì tyrou ǹf̀nouti xen ouḋikaiosiny evàreh ḋe èpàsebys evhoou efhoou	draft · highAll the works of God are in righteousness, and the ungodly is kept for the evil day.
16:10	ⲟⲩⲧⲟⲛⲧⲛ ⲡⲉⲧϩⲓⲛⲉⲥⲡⲟⲧⲟⲩ ⲙⲡⲣⲣⲟ ⲛⲛⲉⲧⲉϥⲧⲁⲡⲣⲟ ⲇⲉ ⲡⲗⲁⲛⲁ ϩⲛⲟⲩϩⲁⲡ	ⲟⲩⲑⲟⲛⲧⲉⲛ ⲡⲉⲧϩⲓ ⲛ̀ⲥⲡⲟⲧⲟⲩ ⲛ̀ⲡ̀ⲟⲩⲣⲟ ⲛ̀ⲛⲉⲧⲉϥⲧⲁⲡⲣⲟ ⲇⲉ ⲡ̀ⲗⲁⲛⲁ ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩϩⲁⲡ	ouθonten pet·hi ǹspotou ǹp̀ouro ǹneteftapro ḋe p̀lana xen ouhap	There is an oracle upon the lips of a king; and his mouth shall not err in judgment.
16:11	ⲟⲩⲣⲓⲕⲉ ⲙⲙⲁϣⲉ ⲧⲉ ⲧⲇⲓⲕⲁⲓⲟⲥⲩⲛⲏ ⲛⲁϩⲣⲙⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ ϣⲓ ⲇⲉ ⲛⲓⲙ ⲛⲧⲟⲟⲧϥ ⲟⲩⲁⲁⲃ ϩⲛϣⲓ ⲙⲙⲉ ⲛⲉ ⲛⲉϥϩⲃⲏⲩⲉ ⲉⲣⲉⲡϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ ⲇⲉ ⲙⲉ ⲛϩⲉⲛϣⲁϫⲉ ⲉⲩⲥⲟⲩⲧⲱⲛ	ⲟⲩⲣⲓⲕⲓ ⲛ̀ⲙⲁϣⲓ ⲧⲉ ⲧ̀ⲇⲓⲕⲁⲓⲟⲥⲩⲛⲏ ⲛⲁϩⲣⲙⲫ̀ⲛⲟⲩϯ ϣⲓ ⲇⲉ ⲛⲓⲃⲉⲛ ⲛ̀ⲧⲟⲧϥ ⲟⲩⲁⲃ ϧⲉⲛ ϣⲓ ⲛ̀ⲙⲏⲓ ⲛⲉ ⲛⲉϥϩ̀ⲃⲏⲟⲩⲓ ⲉ̀ⲣⲉ ⲡ̀ϭⲟⲓⲥ ⲇⲉ ⲙⲉⲓ ⲛ̀ϩⲁⲛⲥⲁϫⲓ ⲉⲩⲥⲟⲩⲧⲱⲛ	ouriki ǹmaṡi te t̀ḋikaiosiny nahrmf̀nouti ṡi ḋe niven ǹtotf ouab xen ṡi ǹmyi ne nefh̀vyoui ère p̀ċois ḋe mei ǹhansaji evsoutōn	The poise of the balance is righteousness with the Lord; and his works are righteous measures.
16:12	ⲧⲃⲟⲧⲉ ⲛⲟⲩⲣⲣⲟ ⲡⲉ ⲡⲉⲧⲉⲓⲣⲉ ⲛϩⲉⲛⲡⲉⲑⲟⲟⲩ ⲉϣⲁⲩⲥⲟⲃⲧⲉ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲙⲡⲉⲑⲣⲟⲛⲟⲥ ⲛⲟⲩⲣⲣⲟ ϩⲛⲟⲩⲇⲓⲕⲁⲓⲟⲥⲩⲛⲏ	ⲧ̀ⲃⲱϯ ⲛ̀ⲟⲩⲟⲩⲣⲟ ⲡⲉ ⲡⲉⲧⲓ̀ⲣⲓ ⲛ̀ϩⲁⲛⲡⲉⲧϩⲱⲟⲩ ⲉϣⲁⲩⲥⲟⲃϯ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲛ̀ⲡⲓⲑ̀ⲣⲟⲛⲟⲥ ⲛ̀ⲟⲩⲟⲩⲣⲟ ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲇⲓⲕⲁⲓⲟⲥⲩⲛⲏ	t̀vōti ǹououro pe petìri ǹhanpet·hōou eṡavsovti ġar ǹpiθ̀ronos ǹououro xen ouḋikaiosiny	An evil-doer is an abomination to a king; for the throne of rule is established by righteousness.
16:13	ⲙⲙⲟⲕⲙⲉⲕ ⲙⲙⲉ ⲥⲟⲧⲡ ⲛⲟⲩⲣⲣⲟ ⲉϥⲙⲉ ⲇⲉ ⲛϭⲓⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲛⲛⲉϩⲃⲏⲩⲉ ⲙⲙⲉ	ⲛ̀ⲙⲟⲕⲙⲉⲕ ⲛ̀ⲙⲏⲓ ⲥⲟⲧⲡ ⲛ̀ⲟⲩⲟⲩⲣⲟ ⲉϥⲙⲉⲓ ⲇⲉ ⲛ̀ϫⲉ ⲫ̀ⲛⲟⲩϯ ⲛ̀ⲛ̀ϩ̀ⲃⲏⲟⲩⲓ̀ ⲛ̀ⲙⲏⲓ	ǹmokmek ǹmyi sotp ǹououro efmei ḋe ǹje f̀nouti ǹǹh̀vyouì ǹmyi	Righteous lips are acceptable to a king; and he loves right words.
16:14	ⲟⲩϥⲁⲓϣⲓⲛⲉ ⲛⲧⲉⲡⲙⲟⲩ ⲡⲉ ⲡϭⲱⲛⲧ ⲛⲟⲩⲣⲣⲟ ϣⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲣⲱⲙⲉ ⲇⲉ ⲛⲥⲟⲫⲟⲥ ⲟϣⲙⲉϥ	ⲟⲩϥⲁⲓϣⲓⲛⲉ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ ⲫ̀ⲙⲟⲩ ⲡⲉ ⲡ̀ϫⲱⲛⲧ ⲛ̀ⲟⲩⲟⲩⲣⲟ ϣⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲣⲱⲙⲓ ⲇⲉ ⲛ̀ⲥⲟⲫⲟⲥ ⲟϣⲙⲡⲁϥ	oufaiṡine ǹte f̀mou pe p̀gōnt ǹououro ṡareourōmi ḋe ǹsofos oṡmpaf	The anger of a king is a messenger of death; but a wise man will pacify him.
16:15	ⲉⲣⲉⲛϣⲃⲏⲣ ⲙⲡⲣⲣⲟ ϩⲙⲡⲟⲩⲟⲉⲓⲛ ⲙⲡⲱⲛϩ ⲉⲣⲉⲛⲉⲧϣⲏⲡ ⲇⲉ ⲛⲁϩⲣⲁϥ ⲟ ⲛⲑⲉ ⲛⲟⲩⲕⲗⲟⲟⲗⲉ ⲛϩⲁⲏ ⲟⲩⲱⲛϩ ⲡⲉ ⲡϩⲟ ⲙⲡⲣⲣⲟ ⲉⲧⲣⲟⲟⲩⲧ ϣⲁϥϯϩⲏⲩ ⲇⲉ ⲛⲛⲉⲧϥⲛⲁⲣⲁϣⲉ ⲛⲙⲙⲁⲩ ⲛⲑⲉ ⲛⲟⲩⲕⲗⲟⲟⲗⲉ ⲛϩⲁⲏ	ⲉ̀ⲣⲉⲛ̀ϣ̀ⲫⲏⲣ ⲛ̀ⲡ̀ⲟⲩⲣⲟ ϧⲉⲛ ⲫ̀ⲟⲩⲱⲓⲛⲓ ⲛ̀ⲡ̀ⲱⲛϧ ⲉ̀ⲣⲉⲛⲉⲧϣⲏⲡ ⲇⲉ ⲛⲁϩⲣⲁϥ ⲟⲓ ⲛ̀ⲫ̀ⲣⲏϯ ⲛ̀ⲟⲩⲕⲗⲟⲟⲗⲉ ⲛ̀ϩⲁⲏ ⲟⲩⲱⲛϧ ⲡⲉ ⲡ̀ϩⲟ ⲛ̀ⲡ̀ⲟⲩⲣⲟ ⲉⲧⲣⲟⲟⲩⲧ ϣⲁϥϯϩⲏⲩ ⲇⲉ ⲛ̀ⲛⲉⲧϥⲛⲁⲣⲁϣⲓ ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲟⲩ ⲛ̀ⲫ̀ⲣⲏϯ ⲛ̀ⲟⲩⲕⲗⲟⲟⲗⲉ ⲛ̀ϩⲁⲏ	èreǹṡ̀fyr ǹp̀ouro xen f̀ouōini ǹp̀ōnx èrenetṡyp ḋe nahraf oi ǹf̀ryti ǹoukloole ǹhay ouōnx pe p̀ho ǹp̀ouro etroout ṡaftihyv ḋe ǹnetfnaraṡi nemaou ǹf̀ryti ǹoukloole ǹhay	The son of a king is in the light of life; and they that are in favour with him are as a cloud of latter rain.
16:16	ⲙⲙⲁⲛϣⲱⲡⲉ ⲑⲛⲧⲥⲟⲫⲓⲁ ⲥⲟⲧⲡ ⲉⲡⲛⲟⲩⲃ ⲁⲩⲱ ⲙⲙⲁⲛϣⲱⲡⲉ ⲛⲧⲙⲛⲧⲣⲙⲛϩⲏⲧ ⲉϩⲟⲩⲉⲡϩⲁⲧ ⲉⲧⲥⲟⲧⲡ	ⲛ̀ⲙⲁⲛϣⲱⲡⲉ ⲧⲉⲛⲧ̀ⲥⲟⲫⲓⲁ ⲥⲟⲧⲡ ⲉ̀ⲡ̀ⲛⲟⲩⲃ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛ̀ⲙⲁⲛϣⲱⲡⲉ ⲛ̀ⲧ̀ⲙ̀ⲛⲧⲣⲙⲛϩⲏⲧ ⲉ̀ϩⲟⲧⲉⲡ̀ϩⲁⲧ ⲉⲧⲥⲟⲧⲡ	ǹmanṡōpe tent̀sofia sotp èp̀noub ouoh ǹmanṡōpe ǹt̀m̀ntrmnhyt èhotep̀hat etsotp	The brood of wisdom is more to be chosen than gold, and the brood of prudence more to be chosen than silver.
16:17	ⲧⲉϩⲓⲏ ⲙⲡⲱⲛϩ ⲡⲉ ⲣⲁⲕⲧⲕ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲙⲡⲡⲉⲑⲟⲟⲩ ⲟⲩⲛⲟϭ ⲇⲉ ⲛⲁϩⲉ ⲛⲉ ⲛⲉϩⲓⲟⲟⲩⲉ ⲛⲧⲇⲓⲕⲁⲓⲟⲥⲩⲛⲏ ⲡⲉⲛⲧⲁϥⲥⲃⲱ ⲉⲧⲉⲥⲃⲱ ϥⲛⲁϣⲱⲡⲉ ϩⲛϩⲉⲛⲁⲅⲁⲑⲏ ⲟⲩⲥⲁⲃⲉ ⲇⲉ ⲛϩⲟⲩⲟ ⲡⲉ ⲡⲉⲧϩⲁⲣⲉϩ ⲉϩⲉⲛϫⲡⲓⲟ ⲉⲣⲉⲡⲉⲧϩⲁⲣⲉϩ ⲛⲛⲉϥϩⲓⲟⲟⲩⲉ ϩⲁⲣⲉϩ ⲉⲧⲉϥⲯⲩⲭⲏ ⲡⲉⲧⲙⲉ ⲇⲉ ⲙⲡⲱⲛϩ ϥⲛⲁϯⲥⲱ ⲉⲣⲱϥ	ⲧⲉⲙⲱⲓⲧ ⲛ̀ⲡ̀ⲱⲛϧ ⲡ ⲣⲁⲕⲧⲕ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ ⲛ̀ⲡ̀ⲡⲉⲧϩⲱⲟⲩ ⲟⲩⲛⲓϣϯ ⲇⲉ ⲛⲁϩⲉⲓ ⲛⲉ ⲛ̀ⲙⲱⲓⲧ ⲛ̀ⲧ̀ⲇⲓⲕⲁⲓⲟⲥⲩⲛⲏ ⲡⲉⲧⲁϥⲥⲃⲱ ⲉ̀ⲧ̀ⲥ̀ⲃⲱ ϥ̀ⲛⲁϣⲱⲡⲓ ϧⲉⲛ ϩⲉⲛⲁⲅⲁⲑⲏ ⲟⲩⲥⲁⲃⲉ ⲇⲉ ⲛ̀ϩⲟⲩⲟ ⲡⲉ ⲡⲉⲧⲁ̀ⲣⲉϩ ⲉ̀ϩⲁⲛϫⲡⲓⲟ ⲉ̀ⲣⲉ ⲡⲉⲧⲁ̀ⲣⲉϩ ⲛ̀ⲛⲉϥⲙⲱⲓⲧ ⲁ̀ⲣⲉϩ ⲉ̀ⲧⲉϥⲯⲩⲭⲏ ⲡⲉⲧⲙⲉⲓ ⲇⲉ ⲛ̀ⲡ̀ⲱⲛϧ ϥ̀ⲛⲁϯⲥⲱ ⲉ̀ⲣⲱϥ	temōit ǹp̀ōnx p raktk èvol ǹp̀pet·hōou ouniṡti ḋe nahei ne ǹmōit ǹt̀ḋikaiosiny petafsvō èt̀s̀vō f̀naṡōpi xen henaġaθy ousave ḋe ǹhouo pe petàreh èhangpio ère petàreh ǹnefmōit àreh ètefpsiṡy petmei ḋe ǹp̀ōnx f̀natisō èrōf	The paths of life turn aside from evil; and the ways of righteousness are length of life. He that receives instruction shall be in prosperity; and he that regards reproofs shall be made wise. He that keeps his ways, preserves his own soul; and he that loves his life will spare his mouth.
16:18	ⲉⲣⲉⲡⲥⲱϣ ⲙⲟⲟϣⲉ ϩⲁⲑⲏ ⲙⲡⲟⲩⲱϣϥ ϩⲉⲛⲙⲉⲉⲩⲉ ⲇⲉ ⲉⲩϩⲟⲟⲩ ϩⲁⲑⲏ ⲙⲡϩⲉ	ⲉ̀ⲣⲉ ⲡ̀ⲥⲱϣ ⲙⲟϣⲓ ϧⲁⲧ̀ϩⲏ ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲟⲩⲱϣϥ ϩⲁⲛⲙⲉⲩⲓ ⲇⲉ ⲉⲩϩⲟⲟⲩ ϧⲁⲧ̀ϩⲏ ⲛ̀ⲫ̀ⲣⲏϯ	ère p̀·sōṡ moṡi xat̀·hy m̀peouōṡf hanmevi ḋe evhoou xat̀·hy ǹf̀ryti	Pride goes before destruction, and folly before a fall.
16:19	ⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩⲟⲩⲣⲱⲙⲉ ⲉⲙⲉϥϭⲱⲛⲧ ϩⲛⲟⲩⲇⲓⲕⲁⲓⲟⲥⲩⲛⲏ ⲙⲛⲟⲩⲑⲃⲃⲓⲟ ⲉϩⲟⲩⲉⲡⲉⲧⲛⲁⲡⲱϣ ⲛϩⲉⲛϣⲱⲗ ⲙⲛϩⲉⲛⲣⲉϥⲥⲱϣ	ⲛⲁⲛⲉⲟⲩⲣⲱⲙⲓ ⲉⲙⲡⲁϥϫⲱⲛⲧ ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲇⲓⲕⲁⲓⲟⲥⲩⲛⲏ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲟⲩⲑⲃⲃⲓⲟ ⲉ̀ϩⲟⲧⲉⲡⲉⲧⲛⲁⲫⲱϣ ⲛ̀ϩⲁⲛϣⲱⲗ ⲛⲉⲙ ϩⲁⲛⲣⲉϥⲥⲱϣ	naneourōmi empafgōnt xen ouḋikaiosiny nem ouθvvio èhotepetnafōṡ ǹhanṡōl nem hanrefsōṡ	Better is a meek-spirited man with lowliness, than one who divides spoils with the proud.
16:20	ⲟⲩⲣⲉϥϭⲛⲁⲅⲁⲑⲟⲛ ⲡⲉ ⲡⲣⲙⲛϩⲏⲧ ϩⲛⲛⲉϥϩⲃⲏⲩⲉ ⲡⲉⲧⲛⲁϩⲧⲉ ⲇⲉ ⲉⲡϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ ⲛⲁⲣⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ	ⲟⲩⲣⲉϥϭⲛⲁ̀ⲅⲁⲑⲟⲛ ⲡⲉ ⲡ̀ⲣⲙⲛϩⲏⲧ ϧⲉⲛ ⲛⲉϥϩ̀ⲃⲏⲟⲩⲓ ⲡⲉⲧⲛⲁϩϯ ⲇⲉ ⲉ̀ⲡ̀ϭⲟⲓⲥ ⲛⲁⲉⲣⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ	ourefċnàġaθon pe p̀rmnhyt xen nefh̀vyoui petnahti ḋe èp̀ċois naermakarios	He who is skillful in business finds good: but he that trusts in God is most blessed.
16:21	ϣⲁⲩⲙⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲉⲛⲥⲟⲫⲟⲥ ⲙⲛⲛⲥⲁⲃⲉⲉⲩ ϫⲉⲛⲉⲧⲥⲟϣϥ ϣⲁⲩⲥⲱⲧⲙ ⲇⲉ ⲛϩⲟⲩⲟ ⲉⲛⲉⲧⲛⲟⲧⲙ ϩⲙⲡⲉⲩϣⲁϫⲉ	ϣⲁ ⲩⲙⲟⲩϯ ⲉ̀ⲛ̀ⲥⲟⲫⲟⲥ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲛ̀ⲥⲁⲃⲉⲩ ϫⲉ ⲛⲉⲧⲥⲟϣϥ ϣⲁⲩⲥⲱⲧⲉⲙ ⲇⲉ ⲛ̀ϩⲟⲩⲟ ⲉ̀ⲛⲉⲧⲛⲟⲧⲙ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲟⲩⲥⲁϫⲓ	ṡa ymouti èǹsofos nem ǹsavev je netsoṡf ṡavsōtem ḋe ǹhouo ènetnotm xen pousaji	Men call the wise and understanding evil: but they that are pleasing in speech shall hear more.
16:22	ⲟⲩⲡⲏⲅⲏ ⲛⲱⲛϩ ⲡⲉ ⲡⲙⲉⲉⲩⲉ ⲉⲧⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϥ ⲛⲛⲉⲛⲧⲁⲩϫⲡⲟϥ ⲛⲁⲩ ⲧⲉⲥⲃⲱ ⲇⲉ ⲛⲛⲁⲑⲏⲧ ϩⲟⲟⲩ	ⲟⲩ ⲡⲏⲅⲏ ⲛ̀ⲱⲛϧ ⲡⲉ ⲫ̀ⲙⲉⲩⲓ ⲉⲧⲛⲁⲛⲉϥ ⲛ̀ⲛⲉⲧⲁⲩϫⲫⲟϥ ⲛⲱⲟⲩ ⲧ̀ⲥ̀ⲃⲱ ⲇⲉ ⲛ̀ⲛⲁⲧϩⲏⲧ ϩⲟⲟⲩ	ou pygy ǹōnx pe f̀mevi etnanef ǹnetavgfof nōou t̀s̀vō ḋe ǹnat·hyt hoou	Understanding is a fountain of life to its possessors; but the instruction of fools is evil.
16:23	ϣⲁⲣⲉⲡϩⲏⲧ ⲙⲡⲥⲁⲃⲉ ⲛⲟⲓ ⲛⲛⲉⲧⲛⲏⲩ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲛⲣⲱϥ ϥⲛⲁⲫⲟⲣⲓ ⲇⲉ ⲛⲟⲩⲥⲟⲟⲩⲛ ϩⲓⲛⲉϥⲥⲡⲟⲧⲟⲩ	ϣⲁⲣⲉⲡ̀ϩⲏⲧ ⲛ̀ⲡ̀ⲥⲁⲃⲉ ⲉⲣⲛⲟⲓⲛ ⲛ̀ⲛⲉⲧⲛⲏⲟⲩ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ ϧⲉⲛ ⲣⲱϥ ϥ̀ⲛⲁⲉⲣⲫⲟⲣⲓⲛ ⲇⲉ ⲛ̀ⲟⲩⲥⲱⲟⲩⲛ ϩⲓ ⲛⲉϥⲥⲡⲟⲧⲟⲩ	ṡarep̀hyt ǹp̀·save ernoin ǹnetnyou èvol xen rōf f̀naerforin ḋe ǹousōoun hi nefspotou	The heart of the wise will discern the things which proceed from his own mouth; and on his lips he will wear knowledge.
16:24	ϩⲉⲛⲙⲟⲩⲗϩ ⲛⲉⲃⲓⲱ ⲛⲉ ⲛϣⲁϫⲉ ⲛⲧⲥⲟⲫⲓⲁ ⲡⲉϩⲗⲟϭ ⲇⲉ ⲙⲡⲉⲩⲥⲱⲧⲙ ⲟⲩⲧⲁⲗϭⲟ ⲡⲉ ⲙⲯⲩⲭⲏ	ϩⲁⲛⲙⲟⲩⲗϩ ⲛ̀ⲉ̀ⲃⲓⲱ ⲛⲉ ⲛ̀ⲥⲁϫⲓ ⲛ̀ⲧ̀ⲥⲟⲫⲓⲁ ⲡ̀ϩ̀ⲗⲟϫ ⲇⲉ ⲛ̀ⲡⲟⲩⲥⲱⲧⲉⲙ ⲟⲩⲧⲁⲗϭⲟ ⲡⲉ ⲙ̀ⲯⲩⲭⲏ	hanmoulh ǹèviō ne ǹsaji ǹt̀sofia p̀h̀log ḋe ǹpousōtem outalċo pe m̀psiṡy	Good words are honeycombs, and the sweetness thereof is a healing of the soul.
16:25	ⲟⲩⲛⲟⲩϩⲓⲏ ⲉⲣⲉⲡⲣⲱⲙⲉ ⲙⲉⲉⲩⲉ ⲉⲣⲟⲥ ϫⲉⲥⲥⲟⲩⲧⲱⲛ ⲉⲣⲉⲧⲉⲥϩⲁⲏ ⲇⲉ ⲛⲏⲩ ⲉⲡϣⲓⲕ ⲑⲛⲁⲙⲑⲛⲧⲉ	ⲟⲩⲟⲛⲟⲩⲙⲱⲓⲧ ⲉ̀ⲣⲉ ⲡ̀ⲣⲱⲙⲓ ⲙⲉⲩⲓ ⲉ̀ⲣⲟⲥ ϫⲉ ⲥ̀ⲥⲟⲩⲧⲱⲛ ⲉ̀ⲣⲉⲧⲉⲥϩⲁⲏ ⲇⲉ ⲛⲏⲟⲩ ⲉ̀ⲡ̀ϣⲓⲕ ⲑⲛⲁⲙⲑⲛⲧⲉ	ouonoumōit ère p̀rōmi mevi èros je s̀soutōn èretes·hay ḋe nyou èp̀ṡik θnamθnte	There are ways that seem to be right to a man, but the end of them looks to the depth of hell.
16:26	ϣⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲣⲱⲙⲉ ⲛϫⲱⲱⲣⲉ ϣⲡϩⲓⲥⲉ ϩⲛϩⲉⲛϩⲓⲥⲉ ⲁⲩⲱ ϣⲁϥϫⲓ ⲛϫⲛⲁϩ ϩⲙⲡⲉϥⲧⲁⲕⲟ ⲡⲉⲧϭⲟⲟⲙⲉ ⲇⲉ ⲛⲧⲟϥ ⲉⲓⲛⲉ ⲙⲡⲉϥⲧⲁⲕⲟ ϩⲛⲧⲉϥⲧⲁⲡⲣⲟ	ϣⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲣⲱⲙⲓ ⲛ̀ϫⲱⲣ ϭⲓϧⲓⲥⲓ ϧⲉⲛ ϩⲁⲛϧⲓⲥⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ϣⲁϥϭⲓ ⲛ̀ϫⲛⲁϩ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲉϥⲧⲁⲕⲟ ⲡⲉⲧϭⲟⲟⲙⲉ ⲇⲉ ⲛ̀ⲑⲟϥ ⲓ̀ⲛⲓ ⲛ̀ⲡⲉϥⲧⲁⲕⲟ ϧⲉⲛ ⲧⲉϥⲧⲁⲡⲣⲟ	ṡareourōmi ǹgōr ċixisi xen hanxisi ouoh ṡafċi ǹgnah xen peftako petċoome ḋe ǹθof ìni ǹpeftako xen teftapro	A man who labours, labours for himself, and drives from him his own ruin.
16:27	ⲉⲣⲉⲡⲣⲱⲙⲉ ⲛⲁⲑⲏⲧ ϣⲓⲕⲉ ⲛⲁϥ ⲛϩⲉⲛⲡⲉⲑⲟⲟⲩ ⲉϥⲥⲟⲩⲱϩ ⲇⲉ ⲉϩⲟⲩⲛ ⲛⲟⲩⲕⲱϩⲧ ϩⲓⲛⲉϥⲥⲡⲟⲧⲟⲩ	ⲉ̀ⲣⲉ ⲡ̀ⲣⲱⲙⲓ ⲛ̀ⲁⲧϩⲏⲧ ϣⲓⲕⲉ ⲛⲁϥ ⲛ̀ϩⲁⲛⲡⲉⲧϩⲱⲟⲩ ⲉϥⲥⲟⲩⲱϩ ⲇⲉ ⲉ̀ϧⲟⲩⲛ ⲛ̀ⲟⲩⲭ̀ⲣⲱⲙ ϩⲓ ⲛⲉϥⲥⲡⲟⲧⲟⲩ	ère p̀rōmi ǹat·hyt ṡike naf ǹhanpet·hōou efsouōh ḋe èxoun ǹouk̀rōm hi nefspotou	But the perverse bears destruction upon his own mouth: a foolish man digs up evil for himself, and treasures fire on his own lips.
16:28	ϣⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲣⲱⲙⲉ ⲉϥϭⲟⲟⲙⲉ ϫⲟⲟⲩ ⲛⲟⲩϯⲧⲱⲛ ⲁⲩⲱ ϣⲁϥⲧⲙϩⲟ ⲑⲛⲟⲩϣⲁϩ ⲛⲕⲣⲟϥ ⲛⲛⲉⲑⲟⲟⲩ ⲁⲩⲱ ϣⲁϥⲡⲱⲣϫ ⲛϩⲉⲛϣⲃⲏⲣ	ϣⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲣⲱⲙⲓ ⲉϥϭⲟⲟⲙⲉ ϫⲟⲟⲩ ⲛ̀ⲟⲩϯⲧⲱⲛ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ϣⲁϥϣⲧⲉⲙϩⲟ ⲑⲛⲟⲩϣⲁϩ ⲛ̀ⲭ̀ⲣⲟϥ ⲛ̀ⲛⲉⲧϩⲟⲟⲩ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ϣⲁϥⲫⲱⲣϫ ⲛ̀ϩⲁⲛϣ̀ⲫⲏⲣ	ṡareourōmi efċoome goou ǹoutitōn ouoh ṡafṡtemho θnouṡah ǹk̀rof ǹnet·hoou ouoh ṡaffōrg ǹhanṡ̀fyr	A perverse man spreads mischief, and will kindle a torch of deceit with mischiefs; and he separates friends.
16:29	ϣⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲣⲱⲙⲉ ⲙⲡⲁⲣⲁⲛⲟⲙⲟⲥ ⲣϩⲁⲗ ⲛⲛⲉϥϣⲃⲉⲉⲣ ⲁⲩⲱ ϣⲁϥϫⲓⲧⲟⲩ ⲉϩⲉⲛϩⲓⲟⲟⲩⲉ ⲛⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩⲟⲩ ⲁⲛ	ϣⲁⲣⲉⲟⲩⲣⲱⲙⲓ ⲛ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲁⲛⲟⲙⲟⲥ ⲣϩⲁⲗ ⲛ̀ⲛⲉϥϣ̀ⲫⲏⲣⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ϣⲁϥϭⲓⲧⲟⲩ ⲉ̀ϩⲁⲛⲙⲱⲓⲧ ⲛ̀ⲛⲁⲛⲉⲟⲩ ⲁⲛ	ṡareourōmi ǹparanomos rhal ǹnefṡ̀fyri ouoh ṡafċitou èhanmōit ǹnaneou an	A transgressor tries to ensnare friends, and leads them in ways that are not good.
16:30	ⲉⲣⲉⲡⲉⲧⲧⲁϫⲣⲟ ⲛⲛⲉϥⲃⲁⲗ ⲙⲉⲉⲩⲉ ⲉϩⲉⲛⲕⲣⲟϥ ⲁⲩⲱ ⲟⲛ ϣⲁϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ ⲛⲛⲉϥⲥⲡⲟⲧⲟⲩ ⲡⲁⲓ ϭⲉ ⲟⲩϩⲣⲱ ⲛⲕⲁⲕⲓⲁ ⲡⲉ	ⲉ̀ⲣⲉⲡⲉⲧⲧⲁϫⲣⲟ ⲛ̀ⲛⲉϥⲃⲁⲗ ⲙⲉⲩⲓ ⲉ̀ϩⲁⲛⲭ̀ⲣⲟϥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲟⲛ ϣⲁϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ ⲛ̀ⲛⲉϥⲥⲡⲟⲧⲟⲩ ⲫⲁⲓ ⲟⲩⲛ ⲟⲩϩ̀ⲣⲱ ⲛ̀ⲕⲁⲕⲓⲁ ⲡⲉ	èrepettagro ǹnefval mevi èhank̀rof ouoh on ṡafouōm ǹnefspotou fai oun ouh̀rō ǹkakia pe	And the man that fixes his eyes devises perverse things, and marks out with his lips all evil: he is a furnace of wickedness.
16:31	ⲟⲩⲕⲗⲟⲙ ⲛⲧⲣⲩⲫⲏ ⲧⲉ ⲧⲙⲛⲧϩⲗⲗⲟ ⲉⲧⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩⲥ ϣⲁⲩϩⲉ ⲇⲉ ⲉⲣⲟϥ ϩⲛⲛⲉϩⲓⲟⲟⲩⲉ ⲛⲧⲇⲓⲕⲁⲓⲟⲥⲛⲏ	ⲟⲩ ⲭⲗⲟⲙ ⲛ̀ⲧⲣⲩⲫⲏ ⲧⲉ ⲧ̀ⲙⲉⲧϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ ⲉⲧⲛⲁⲛⲉⲥ ϣⲁⲩϩⲉⲓ ⲇⲉ ⲉ̀ⲣⲟϥ ϧⲉⲛ ⲛ̀ⲙⲱⲓⲧ ⲛ̀ⲧⲇⲓⲕⲁⲓⲟⲥⲛⲏ	ou klom ǹtrify te t̀metxello etnanes ṡavhei ḋe èrof xen ǹmōit ǹtdikaiosny	Old age is a crown of honour, but it is found in the ways of righteousness.
16:32	ⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩⲟⲩⲣⲱⲙⲉ ⲛϩⲁⲣϣϩⲏⲧ ⲉⲩϫⲱⲱⲣⲉ ⲁⲩⲱ ⲡⲉⲧⲁⲙⲁϩⲧⲉ ⲛⲧⲉϥⲟⲣⲅⲏ ⲉϩⲟⲩⲉⲡⲉⲧⲛⲁϫⲓ ⲛⲟⲩⲡⲟⲗⲓⲥ	ⲛⲁⲛⲉⲟⲩⲣⲱⲙⲓ ⲛ̀ϩⲁⲣϣϩⲏⲧ ⲉⲩϫⲱⲣ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲉⲧⲁⲙⲁϩⲧⲉ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉϥⲟⲣⲅⲏ ⲉ̀ϩⲟⲧⲉⲡⲉⲧⲛⲁϭⲓ ⲛ̀ⲟⲩⲡⲟⲗⲓⲥ	naneourōmi ǹharṡhyt evgōr ouoh petamahte ǹteforgy èhotepetnaċi ǹoupolis	A man slow to anger is better than a strong man; and he that governs his temper better than he that takes a city.
16:33	ⲥⲉⲛⲁⲧⲟⲟⲃⲟⲩ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ ⲉⲕⲟⲩⲛⲧⲟⲩ ⲛⲛⲣⲉϥϫⲓⲛϭⲟⲛⲥ ⲉⲩⲛⲁϯ ⲇⲉ ⲛⲟⲩⲟⲛ ⲛⲓⲙ ⲛⲙⲙⲛⲧⲙⲉ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲓⲧⲙⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ	ⲥⲉⲛⲁⲧⲟⲟⲃⲟⲩ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ ⲉ̀ⲕⲟⲩⲛⲧⲟⲩ ⲛ̀ⲛ̀ⲣⲉϥϭⲓⲛϫⲟⲛⲥ ⲉⲩⲛⲁϯ ⲇⲉ ⲛ̀ⲟⲩⲟⲛ ⲛⲓⲃⲉⲛ ⲛ̀ⲛ̀ⲙⲉⲑⲙⲏⲓ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲓⲧⲉⲛ ⲫ̀ⲛⲟⲩϯ	senatoovou tyrou èkountou ǹǹrefċingons evnati ḋe ǹouon niven ǹǹmeθmyi èvol hiten f̀nouti	All evils come upon the ungodly into their bosoms; but all righteous things come of the Lord.

Provenance

title: Proverbs 16
dialect: sahidic
source: Coptic SCRIPTORIUM corpus "sahidic.ot", document 20_Proverbs_16
licence: CC-BY-SA 4.0
share: attribution
attribution: Proverbs 16 from Coptic SCRIPTORIUM (https://copticscriptorium.org), corpus sahidic.ot, document 20_Proverbs_16, version 6.1.0 (2025-06-30), annotations by Frank Feder, So Miyagawa, Elizabeth Platte, Caroline T. Schroeder, Amir Zeldes; source edition Crosswire, CoptOT. Licensed CC BY-SA 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/); this derivative is released under the same licence. CoptOT / Göttingen Digital Edition of the Coptic Old Testament, via Crosswire; English translation Brenton 1851 (ebible.org). Layers L1/L2 are modified: re-spelled (Cairene) / transliterated (Kemetic) by the Kemetic project, Yousef Hanna 2026.
annotation: segmentation automatic · tagging automatic · parsing automatic (SCRIPTORIUM meta.json; document version 6.1.0, 2025-06-30)
file: Bible/Old Testament/Proverbs/16.sahidic.scriptorium.L0.txt
title: Proverbs 16 — Cairene
dialect: bohairic
source: generated from 16.sahidic.scriptorium.L0.txt (Coptic SCRIPTORIUM corpus "sahidic.ot", document 20_Proverbs_16)
licence: CC BY-SA 4.0
share: attribution
attribution: Proverbs 16 from Coptic SCRIPTORIUM (https://copticscriptorium.org), corpus sahidic.ot, document 20_Proverbs_16, version 6.1.0 (2025-06-30), annotations by Frank Feder, So Miyagawa, Elizabeth Platte, Caroline T. Schroeder, Amir Zeldes; source edition Crosswire, CoptOT. Licensed CC BY-SA 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/); this derivative is released under the same licence. CoptOT / Göttingen Digital Edition of the Coptic Old Testament, via Crosswire; English translation Brenton 1851 (ebible.org). Layers L1/L2 are modified: re-spelled (Cairene) / transliterated (Kemetic) by the Kemetic project, Yousef Hanna 2026.
annotation: segmentation automatic · tagging automatic · parsing automatic (SCRIPTORIUM meta.json; document version 6.1.0, 2025-06-30)
generated by: tools/sahidic_to_cairene.py (route D, C3a 2026-09-24; tier b, ROUTE-2 2026-09-26) then tools/cairene.py from_witness dialect=bohairic on the intermediate (L1 = Cairene(N_B(D(N_S(L0)))), RI-038; word division church); Sahidic N stage counts: lexeme_L1-S-3=1 th_resolved=10 tokens=333
file: Bible/Old Testament/Proverbs/16.sahidic.scriptorium.L1.txt
title: Proverbs 16 — Kemetic
dialect: bohairic
source: generated from 16.sahidic.scriptorium.L1.txt
licence: CC BY-SA 4.0
share: attribution
attribution: Proverbs 16 from Coptic SCRIPTORIUM (https://copticscriptorium.org), corpus sahidic.ot, document 20_Proverbs_16, version 6.1.0 (2025-06-30), annotations by Frank Feder, So Miyagawa, Elizabeth Platte, Caroline T. Schroeder, Amir Zeldes; source edition Crosswire, CoptOT. Licensed CC BY-SA 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/); this derivative is released under the same licence. CoptOT / Göttingen Digital Edition of the Coptic Old Testament, via Crosswire; English translation Brenton 1851 (ebible.org). Layers L1/L2 are modified: re-spelled (Cairene) / transliterated (Kemetic) by the Kemetic project, Yousef Hanna 2026.
annotation: segmentation automatic · tagging automatic · parsing automatic (SCRIPTORIUM meta.json; document version 6.1.0, 2025-06-30)
generated by: tools/coptic_to_kemetic.py convert() on the L1 text (letter rules of DECISIONS.md 2026-09-08)
file: Bible/Old Testament/Proverbs/16.sahidic.scriptorium.L2.txt
what it is: DRAFT English. Not a published translation: `existing` rows quote an aligned translation named in `basis`; `llm` rows are a language-model best guess from the dictionary gloss and context (Yousef asked for them, 2026-09-27; to be corrected later); check the source text before relying on any of it.
lines: 26 quoted · 0 quoted with the alignment not cross-checked · 3 model drafts (marked “draft”)
quoted from: Brenton's Septuagint (1851) — aligned in Coptic SCRIPTORIUM sahidic.ot, 20_Proverbs_16 (26 lines)

Cite as:

Proverbs 16. Coptic SCRIPTORIUM corpus "sahidic.ot", document 20_Proverbs_16. Layers as published by the Kemetic project (Yousef Hanna), 2026: Coptic · Cairene · Kemetic, /doc/bible/old-testament/proverbs/16.sahidic.scriptorium/. Proverbs 16 from Coptic SCRIPTORIUM (https://copticscriptorium.org), corpus sahidic.ot, document 20_Proverbs_16, version 6.1.0 (2025-06-30), annotations by Frank Feder, So Miyagawa, Elizabeth Platte, Caroline T. Schroeder, Amir Zeldes; source edition Crosswire, CoptOT. Licensed CC BY-SA 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/); this derivative is released under the same licence. CoptOT / Göttingen Digital Edition of the Coptic Old Testament, via Crosswire; English translation Brenton 1851 (ebible.org). Layers L1/L2 are modified: re-spelled (Cairene) / transliterated (Kemetic) by the Kemetic project, Yousef Hanna 2026.

What the layers are

L0 witness
The text as its witness or edition has it, original spelling; its dialect is a description and is never standardized.

L0.5 transliteration
For Egyptian texts: the transliteration with the editors' marks turned into the symbols ° * < > _ ^ (ruled 2026-09-10). For papyri: the edition's Leiden marks as the same symbols, and the editors' readings beside the scribe's as ‹scribe→editors› (ruled PAP-3).

L1 Cairene
Standardized Greco-Bohairic spelling and grammar, generated by code from the layer above under the rulings of the project.

L2 Kemetic
The Kemetic alphabet, generated by code from L1.

English
Quoted translations where they exist, credited; otherwise model drafts, marked as drafts.