Source and licence
share: publicbohairicSource: http://tasbeha.org/hymn_library/view/1402 — Fasts > Nativity (Kiahk, The Mary Month) > Liturgy (community-edited lyrics library; no licence stated; fetched 2026-09-08; Nov 25, 2006 02:09:58 AM by minatasgeel)
Attribution: none required by the licence (public domain); please credit the source edition named above.
Licence: public domain — tasbeha.org's Coptic hymn texts are copies of the traditional Coptic texts and are covered by CHB-1 (ruling CHB-5, Yousef 2026-10-10: "Yes, the Coptic text is covered"); source tasbeha.org hymn library (community-typed copies of the traditional Coptic hymn texts; 1,257 hymns with Coptic, fetched 2026-09-08); the site's own English translation (the .en.txt beside each hymn, internal-unstated) and its arrangement are not served here — this document carries the Coptic column only; the site states no licence (internal-unstated until CHB-5; LICENCES.md §5 Q-1, §12.6)
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0
The text
15 lines · a line number is a link to itself| ref | L0 witness | L1 Cairene | L2 Kemetic |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ⲁϥϫⲟⲩϣⲧ ⲛ̀ϫⲉ Ⲫϯ ⲡⲓⲛⲁⲏⲧ: ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲃⲁⲗ ⲉϥⲟⲓ ⲛ̀ⲛⲁⲏⲧ: ⲛⲉⲙ ϩⲁⲛⲛⲁⲓ ⲛⲉⲙ ϩⲁⲛⲙⲉⲧϣⲉⲛϩⲏⲧ: ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ ϧⲉⲛ ⲧⲉϥⲫⲉ ⲉ̀ⲡⲉⲥⲏⲧ. | Ⲁϥϫⲟⲩϣⲧ ⲛ̀ϫⲉ Ⲫϯ ⲡⲓⲛⲁⲏⲧ: ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲃⲁⲗ ⲉϥⲟⲓ ⲛ̀ⲛⲁⲏⲧ: ⲛⲉⲙ ϩⲁⲛⲛⲁⲓ ⲛⲉⲙ ϩⲁⲛⲙⲉⲧϣⲉⲛϩⲏⲧ: ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ ϧⲉⲛ ⲧⲉϥⲫⲉ ⲉ̀ⲡⲉⲥⲏⲧ. | Afgouṡt ǹje Fti pinayt: xen ouval efoi ǹnayt: nem hannai nem hanmetṡenhyt: èvol xen teffe èpesyt. |
| 2 | Ⲁϥⲧⲟⲩϫⲟⲛ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗϩⲁ ϯⲥⲟⲣⲙⲉⲥ: ⲛⲉⲙ ⲡⲓⲭⲁⲕⲓ ⲉⲧⲟⲓ ⲛ̀ⲭⲉⲙⲥ: ϧⲉⲛ ⲡ̀ϫⲓⲛϭⲓⲥⲁⲣⲝ ⲙ̀ⲡⲉϥⲖⲟⲅⲟⲥ: Ⲡⲉϥϣⲏⲣⲓ ⲙ̀ⲙⲟⲛⲟⲅⲉⲛⲏⲥ: ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ ϧⲉⲛ ⲑⲏⲉ̀ⲑⲟⲩⲁⲃ ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲑⲉⲛⲟⲥ Ⲙⲁⲣⲓⲁ. | Ⲁϥⲧⲟⲩϫⲟⲛ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗϩⲁ ϯⲥⲟⲣⲙⲉⲥ: ⲛⲉⲙ ⲡⲓⲭⲁⲕⲓ ⲉⲧⲟⲓ ⲛ̀ⲭⲉⲙⲥ: ϧⲉⲛ ⲡ̀ϫⲓⲛϭⲓⲥⲁⲣⲝ ⲛ̀ⲡⲉϥⲖⲟⲅⲟⲥ: Ⲡⲉϥϣⲏⲣⲓ ⲛ̀ⲙⲟⲛⲟⲅⲉⲛⲏⲥ: ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ ϧⲉⲛ ⲑⲏⲉ̀ⲑⲟⲩⲁⲃ ⲛ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲑⲉⲛⲟⲥ Ⲙⲁⲣⲓⲁ. | Aftougon èbolha tisormes: nem pikaki etoi ǹṡems: xen p̀jinċisarks ǹpefLoġos: Pefṡyri ǹmonogenys: èvol xen θyèθouab ǹparθenos Maria. |
| 3 | Ⲇⲟⲝⲁ Ⲡⲁⲧⲣⲓ ⲕⲉ Ⲩ̀ⲓⲱ̀ ⲕⲉ ⲁ̀ⲅⲓⲱ̀ Ⲡⲛ̅ⲁ̅ⲧⲓ. | Ⲇⲟⲝⲁ Ⲡⲁⲧⲣⲓ ⲕⲉ Ⲩ̀ⲓⲱ̀ ⲕⲉ ⲁ̀ⲅⲓⲱ̀ Ⲡ̀ⲛⲉⲩⲙⲁⲧⲓ. | Ḋoksa Patri ke Ỳiṑ ke àgiṑ P̀nevmati. |
| 4 | Ⲁϥⲟⲩⲱⲣⲡ ⲙ̀ⲡⲓⲁ̀ⲥⲱⲙⲁⲧⲟⲥ: Ⲅⲁⲃⲣⲓⲏⲗ ⲡⲓⲁ̀ⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ: ϩⲁ ⲟⲩⲁ̀ⲗⲟⲩ ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲑⲉⲛⲟⲥ: ϧⲉⲛ ⲡ̀ⲏⲓ ⲛ̀Ⲇⲁⲩⲓⲇ ⲡⲉ ⲡⲉⲥⲅⲉⲛⲟⲥ. | Ⲁϥⲟⲩⲱⲣⲡ ⲛ̀ⲡⲓⲁ̀ⲥⲱⲙⲁⲧⲟⲥ: Ⲅⲁⲃⲣⲓⲏⲗ ⲡⲓⲁ̀ⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ: ϩⲁ ⲟⲩⲁ̀ⲗⲟⲩ ⲛ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲑⲉⲛⲟⲥ: ϧⲉⲛ ⲡ̀ⲏⲓ ⲛ̀Ⲇⲁⲩⲓⲇ ⲡⲉ ⲡⲉⲥⲅⲉⲛⲟⲥ. | Afouōrp ǹpiàsōmatos: Ġabriyl piàngelos: ha ouàlou ǹparθenos: xen p̀yi ǹDavid pe pesgenos. |
| 5 | Ⲑⲏⲉ̀ⲧⲉ ⲙ̀ⲙⲁⲩ ⲁⲩⲱⲡ ⲛ̀ⲥⲱⲥ: ⲉ̀Ⲗⲱⲥⲏⲫ ⲡⲓⲇⲓⲕⲉⲟⲥ: ⲉ̀ⲧⲁϥϣⲉ ⲉ̀ϧⲟⲩⲛ ϣⲁⲣⲟⲥ: ⲁϥⲉⲣⲭⲉⲣⲉⲧⲓⲍⲓⲛ ⲙ̀ⲙⲟⲥ: ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲓⲣⲏϯ ⲉϥϫⲱ ⲙ̀ⲙⲟⲥ. | Ⲑⲏⲉ̀ⲧⲉ ⲙ̀ⲙⲁⲩ ⲁⲩⲱⲡ ⲛ̀ⲥⲱⲥ: ⲉ̀Ⲗⲱⲥⲏⲫ ⲡⲓⲇⲓⲕⲉⲟⲥ: ⲉ̀ⲧⲁϥϣⲉ ⲉ̀ϧⲟⲩⲛ ϣⲁⲣⲟⲥ: ⲁϥⲉⲣⲭⲉⲣⲉⲧⲓⲍⲓⲛ ⲙ̀ⲙⲟⲥ: ⲛ̀ⲡⲁⲓⲣⲏϯ ⲉϥϫⲱ ⲙ̀ⲙⲟⲥ. | Ɵyète m̀mav avōp ǹsōs: èLōsyf piḋikeos: ètafṡe èxoun ṡaros: aferṡeretizin m̀mos: ǹpairyti efgō m̀mos. |
| 6 | Ⲕⲉ ⲛⲩⲛ ⲕⲉ ⲁ̀ⲓ̀ ⲕⲉ ⲓⲥ ⲧⲟⲩⲥ ⲉ̀ⲱ̀ⲛⲁⲥ ⲧⲱⲛ ⲉ̀ⲱ̀ⲛⲱⲛ ⲁ̀ⲙⲏⲛ. | Ⲕⲉ ⲛⲩⲛ ⲕⲉ ⲁ̀ⲓ̀ ⲕⲉ ⲓⲥ ⲧⲟⲩⲥ ⲉ̀ⲱ̀ⲛⲁⲥ ⲧⲱⲛ ⲉ̀ⲱ̀ⲛⲱⲛ ⲁ̀ⲙⲏⲛ. | Ke nin ke àì ke is tous èṑnas tōn èṑnōn àmyn. |
| 7 | Ϫⲉ ⲭⲉⲣⲉ ⲕⲉ ⲭⲁⲣⲓⲧⲟⲩⲙⲉⲛⲏ: ⲟ Ⲕⲩⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲙⲉⲧⲁ ⲥⲟⲩ2 ⲧ̀ⲥ̀ⲙⲁⲣⲱⲟⲩⲧ ϧⲉⲛ ⲛⲓϩⲓⲟⲙⲓ: ⲱ̀ ⲑⲏⲉⲧⲥⲱⲧⲡ ϧⲉⲛ ⲛⲓⲣⲱⲙⲓ. | Ϫⲉ ⲭⲉⲣⲉ ⲕⲉ ⲭⲁⲣⲓⲧⲟⲩⲙⲉⲛⲏ: ⲟ̀ Ⲕⲩⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲙⲉⲧⲁ ⲥⲟⲩ2 ⲧ̀ⲥ̀ⲙⲁⲣⲱⲟⲩⲧ ϧⲉⲛ ⲛⲓϩⲓⲟⲙⲓ: ⲱ̀ ⲑⲏⲉⲧⲥⲱⲧⲡ ϧⲉⲛ ⲛⲓⲣⲱⲙⲓ. | Je ṡere ke karitoumeny: ò Kirios meta sou2 t̀s̀marōout xen nihiomi: ṑ θyetsōtp xen nirōmi. |
| 8 | Ⲭⲁ ⲙⲁϣϫ ⲉ̀ⲣⲟⲓ ⲛ̀ⲛⲁⲥⲁϫⲓ: ϩⲏⲡⲡⲉ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲧⲉⲣⲁⲉ̀ⲣⲃⲟⲕⲓ: ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲙⲓⲥⲓ ⲛ̀ⲟⲩϣⲏⲣⲓ: ⲫⲁⲓ ⲉⲩⲉⲙⲟⲩϯ ⲉ̀ⲣⲟϥ: ϫⲉ Ⲡϣⲏⲣⲓ ⲙ̀Ⲫⲏⲉⲧϭⲟⲥⲓ. | Ⲭⲁ ⲙⲁϣϫ ⲉ̀ⲣⲟⲓ ⲛ̀ⲛⲁⲥⲁϫⲓ: ϩⲏⲡⲡⲉ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲧⲉⲣⲁⲉ̀ⲣⲃⲟⲕⲓ: ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲙⲓⲥⲓ ⲛ̀ⲟⲩϣⲏⲣⲓ: ⲫⲁⲓ ⲉⲩⲉⲙⲟⲩϯ ⲉ̀ⲣⲟϥ: ϫⲉ Ⲡ̀ϣⲏⲣⲓ ⲛ̀Ⲫⲏⲉⲧϭⲟⲥⲓ. | Ka maṡg èroi ǹnasaji: hyppe ġar teraèrvoki: ouoh ǹtemisi ǹouṡyri: fai evemouti èrof: je P̀ṡyri ǹFyetċosi. |
| 9 | Ⲕⲉ ⲛⲩⲛ ⲕⲉ ⲁ̀ⲓ̀ ⲕⲉ ⲓⲥ ⲧⲟⲩⲥ ⲉ̀ⲱ̀ⲛⲁⲥ ⲧⲱⲛ ⲉ̀ⲱ̀ⲛⲱⲛ ⲁ̀ⲙⲏⲛ. | Ⲕⲉ ⲛⲩⲛ ⲕⲉ ⲁ̀ⲓ̀ ⲕⲉ ⲓⲥ ⲧⲟⲩⲥ ⲉ̀ⲱ̀ⲛⲁⲥ ⲧⲱⲛ ⲉ̀ⲱ̀ⲛⲱⲛ ⲁ̀ⲙⲏⲛ. | Ke nin ke àì ke is tous èṑnas tōn èṑnōn àmyn. |
| 10 | Ⲡⲉϫⲉ ϯⲥⲁⲃⲉ ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲑⲉⲛⲟⲥ: Ⲙⲁⲣⲓⲁ ϯⲑⲉⲟⲧⲟⲕⲟⲥ: ϫⲉ ⲡⲱⲥ ⲫⲁⲓ ⲛⲁϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲙ̀ⲙⲟⲓ: ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲟⲩⲟⲛ ⲣⲱⲙⲓ ϭⲟϩ ⲉ̀ⲣⲟⲓ. | Ⲡⲉϫⲉ ϯⲥⲁⲃⲉ ⲛ̀ⲡⲁⲣⲑⲉⲛⲟⲥ: Ⲙⲁⲣⲓⲁ ϯⲑⲉⲟⲧⲟⲕⲟⲥ: ϫⲉ ⲡⲱⲥ ⲫⲁⲓ ⲛⲁϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲙ̀ⲙⲟⲓ: ⲛ̀ⲡⲉⲟⲩⲟⲛ ⲣⲱⲙⲓ ϭⲟϩ ⲉ̀ⲣⲟⲓ. | Peje tisave ǹparθenos: Maria tiθeotokos: je pōs fai naṡōpi m̀moi: ǹpeouon rōmi ċoh èroi. |
| 11 | Ⲛ̀ⲛⲉ ⲟⲩⲡⲁⲣⲑⲉⲛⲟⲥ ⲉⲥⲉⲣⲃⲟⲕⲓ: ⲙ̀ⲡ̀ⲧⲏⲣϥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲙⲓⲥⲓ: ⲟⲩⲠ̀ⲛⲉⲩⲙⲁ ⲉϥⲟⲩⲁⲃ ϥ̀ⲛⲏⲟⲩ ⲉ̀ϩ̀ⲣⲏⲓ ⲉ̀ϫⲱ: ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲟⲩϫⲟⲙ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ ⲫⲏⲉⲧϭⲟⲥⲓ ⲉⲑⲛⲁ ⲉⲣϧⲏⲓⲃⲓ ⲉ̀ⲣⲟⲓ. | Ⲛ̀ⲛⲉ ⲟⲩⲡⲁⲣⲑⲉⲛⲟⲥ ⲉⲥⲉⲣⲃⲟⲕⲓ: ⲛ̀ⲡ̀ⲧⲏⲣϥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲙⲓⲥⲓ: ⲟⲩⲠ̀ⲛⲉⲩⲙⲁ ⲉϥⲟⲩⲁⲃ ϥ̀ⲛⲏⲟⲩ ⲉ̀ϩ̀ⲣⲏⲓ ⲉ̀ϫⲱ: ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲟⲩϫⲟⲙ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ ⲫⲏⲉⲧϭⲟⲥⲓ ⲉⲑⲛⲁ ⲉⲣϧⲏⲓⲃⲓ ⲉ̀ⲣⲟⲓ. | Ǹne ouparθenos eservoki: ǹp̀tyrf ouoh ǹtemisi: ouP̀nevma efouab f̀nyou èh̀ryi ègō: ouoh ougom ǹte fyetċosi eθna erxyivi èroi. |
| 12 | Ⲧⲉⲛⲱϣ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ ⲉⲛϫⲱ ⲙ̀ⲙⲟⲥ: ϫⲉ ⲱ̀ Ⲡⲉⲛⲟ̅ⲥ̅ Ⲓⲏ̅ⲥ̅ Ⲡⲭ̅ⲥ̅. | Ⲧⲉⲛⲱϣ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ ⲉⲛϫⲱ ⲙ̀ⲙⲟⲥ: ϫⲉ ⲱ̀ Ⲡⲉⲛϭⲟⲓⲥ Ⲓⲏⲥⲟⲩⲥ Ⲡⲓⲭ̀ⲣⲓⲥⲧⲟⲥ. | Tenōṡ èvol engō m̀mos: je ṑ Penċois Iysous Pix̀ristos. |
| 13 | Ⲡⲓⲙⲓⲥⲓ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗϧⲉⲛ Ⲫ̀ⲓⲱⲧ ϧⲁϫⲱⲟⲩ ⲛ̀ⲛⲓⲉ̀ⲱⲛ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ. | Ⲡⲓⲙⲓⲥⲓ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ ϧⲉⲛ Ⲫ̀ⲓⲱⲧ ϧⲁϫⲱⲟⲩ ⲛ̀ⲛⲓⲉ̀ⲱⲛ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ. | Pimisi èvol xen F̀iōt xagōou ǹnièōn tyrou. |
| 14 | Ⲥ̀ⲱϯ ⲙ̀ⲙⲟⲛ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲁⲓ ⲛⲁⲛ. Ⲕⲩⲣⲓⲉ̀ ⲉ̀ⲗⲉⲏ̀ⲥⲟⲛ ⲕⲩⲣⲓⲉ̀ ⲉ̀ⲗⲉⲏ̀ⲥⲟⲛ ⲕⲩⲣⲓⲉ̀ ⲉ̀ⲗⲉⲏ̀ⲥⲟⲛ ⲕⲩⲣⲓⲉ ⲉⲩⲗⲟⲅⲏⲥⲟⲛ ⲁ̀ⲙⲏⲛ: ⲥ̀ⲙⲟⲩ ⲉ̀ⲣⲟⲓ: ⲥ̀ⲙⲟⲩ ⲉ̀ⲣⲟⲓ: ⲓⲥ ϯⲙⲉⲧⲁⲛⲟⲓⲁ̀: ⲭⲱ ⲛⲏⲓ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ ϫⲱ ⲙ̀ⲡⲓⲥ̀ⲙⲟⲩ. | Ⲥ̀ⲱϯ ⲙ̀ⲙⲟⲛ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲁⲓ ⲛⲁⲛ. Ⲕⲩⲣⲓⲉ̀ ⲉ̀ⲗⲉⲏ̀ⲥⲟⲛ ⲕⲩⲣⲓⲉ̀ ⲉ̀ⲗⲉⲏ̀ⲥⲟⲛ ⲕⲩⲣⲓⲉ̀ ⲉ̀ⲗⲉⲏ̀ⲥⲟⲛ ⲕⲩⲣⲓⲉ ⲉⲩⲗⲟⲅⲏⲥⲟⲛ ⲁ̀ⲙⲏⲛ: ⲥ̀ⲙⲟⲩ ⲉ̀ⲣⲟⲓ: ⲥ̀ⲙⲟⲩ ⲉ̀ⲣⲟⲓ: ⲓⲥ ϯⲙⲉⲧⲁⲛⲟⲓⲁ̀: ⲭⲱ ⲛⲏⲓ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ ϫⲱ ⲙ̀ⲡⲓⲥ̀ⲙⲟⲩ. | S̀ōti m̀mon ouoh nai nan. Kiriè èleỳson kiriè èleỳson kiriè èleỳson kirie evlogyson àmyn: s̀mou èroi: s̀mou èroi: is timetanoià: kō nyi èvol gō m̀pis̀mou. |
| 15 | · | · | · |
Provenance
- title
- Conclusion Canon
- dialect
- bohairic
- source
- http://tasbeha.org/hymn_library/view/1402 — Fasts > Nativity (Kiahk, The Mary Month) > Liturgy (community-edited lyrics library; no licence stated; fetched 2026-09-08; Nov 25, 2006 02:09:58 AM by minatasgeel)
- licence
- public domain — tasbeha.org's Coptic hymn texts are copies of the traditional Coptic texts and are covered by CHB-1 (ruling CHB-5, Yousef 2026-10-10: "Yes, the Coptic text is covered"); source tasbeha.org hymn library (community-typed copies of the traditional Coptic hymn texts; 1,257 hymns with Coptic, fetched 2026-09-08); the site's own English translation (the .en.txt beside each hymn, internal-unstated) and its arrangement are not served here — this document carries the Coptic column only; the site states no licence (internal-unstated until CHB-5; LICENCES.md §5 Q-1, §12.6)
- share
- public
- file
- Liturgy/Hymns (tasbeha)/Fasts/1402 Conclusion Canon.bohairic.tasbeha.L0.txt
- title
- Conclusion Canon — Cairene
- dialect
- bohairic
- source
- generated from 1402 Conclusion Canon.bohairic.tasbeha.L0.txt (http://tasbeha.org/hymn_library/view/1402 — Fasts > Nativity (Kiahk, The Mary Month) > Liturgy (community-edited lyrics )
- licence
- CC BY-SA 4.0
- share
- public
- generated by
- tools/cairene.py from_witness on the L0 text (L1 = Cairene(N(L0)), RI-038 2026-09-16; RI-029 2026-09-11; DECISIONS.md 2026-09-09: punctuation O-6, jinkim O-3; segmentation-aware jinkim + spelling verdicts from the PREDICTED segmentation, cairene.py rule 9 (C5c, RULED 2026-09-10); 2026-09-09 evening rulings: word division church, "until" base ϣⲁⲧⲉ-, nomina sacra ⲓ̅ⲥ̅/ⲡⲉⲭ︦ⲥ︦/Ⲑⲥ̅/Ⲩⲥ̅ expanded; numerals and abbreviations resolved by the normalization stage)
- file
- Liturgy/Hymns (tasbeha)/Fasts/1402 Conclusion Canon.bohairic.tasbeha.L1.txt
- title
- Conclusion Canon — Kemetic
- dialect
- bohairic
- source
- generated from 1402 Conclusion Canon.bohairic.tasbeha.L1.txt
- licence
- CC BY-SA 4.0
- share
- public
- generated by
- tools/coptic_to_kemetic.py convert() on the L1 text (letter rules of DECISIONS.md 2026-09-08)
- file
- Liturgy/Hymns (tasbeha)/Fasts/1402 Conclusion Canon.bohairic.tasbeha.L2.txt
L0 witness
L1 Cairene
L2 Kemetic
Cite as:
Conclusion Canon. http://tasbeha.org/hymn_library/view/1402 — Fasts > Nativity (Kiahk, The Mary Month) > Liturgy (community-edited lyrics library; no licence stated; fetched 2026-09-08; Nov 25, 2006 02:09:58 AM by minatasgeel). Layers as published by the Kemetic project (Yousef Hanna), 2026: Coptic · Cairene · Kemetic, /doc/liturgy/hymns-tasbeha/fasts/1402-conclusion-canon.bohairic.tasbeha/.
What the layers are
The text as its witness or edition has it, original spelling; its dialect is a description and is never standardized.
For Egyptian texts: the transliteration with the editors' marks turned into the symbols ° * < > _ ^ (ruled 2026-09-10). For papyri: the edition's Leiden marks as the same symbols, and the editors' readings beside the scribe's as ‹scribe→editors› (ruled PAP-3).
Standardized Greco-Bohairic spelling and grammar, generated by code from the layer above under the rulings of the project.
The Kemetic alphabet, generated by code from L1.
Quoted translations where they exist, credited; otherwise model drafts, marked as drafts.