Source and licence
share: attributionmixedSource: Kyprianos text 150 (Curse (magical applied, separation)), edited text from corpus/incoming/kyprianos-coptic-magic/Kyprianos_Texts_exports_24.07.2026.csv (CSV export of 24 July 2026, staged 2026-09-10 by worker W-B1); manuscript(s) Louvre E 14.250 Louvre E.14.250 · Ro ll. 1-36 -Vo ll. 1-13; copy dated 901 – 1000 CE
Attribution: Kyprianos: Database of Ancient Ritual Texts and Objects, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg (https://www.coptic-magic.phil.uni-wuerzburg.de), CSV export of 24 July 2026, accessed 2026-09-10. Licensed ODbL 1.0 (http://opendatacommons.org/licenses/odbl/1.0/); contents DbCL 1.0. Changes: the edited Coptic of one record extracted to one file, apparatus and translation kept out of the text, by the Kemetic project, Yousef Hanna 2026.
Licence: attribution — Open Database License (ODbL) 1.0 for the database + Database Contents License (DbCL) 1.0 for the contents, quoted verbatim from the Kyprianos help page (coptic-magic.phil.uni-wuerzburg.de, fetched 2026-09-10): "The Kyprianos Database is made available under the Open Database License … Any rights in individual contents of the database are licensed under the Database Contents License". ODbL is ATTRIBUTION + SHARE-ALIKE + KEEP-OPEN: an adapted database we publish must itself be offered under ODbL, and if we run a public service on it we must offer the adapted database too. Not a Creative Commons licence, which is why the class is declared by the string's own prefix
The text
76 lines · a line number is a link to itselfEnglish: quoted translations are shown as they are, with their credit in the provenance; lines marked draft are language-model drafts made for this project (to be corrected), and alignment unchecked marks a quoted verse whose placement was not cross-checked. Check the Coptic before relying on any English line.
| ref | L0 witness | English |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Recto | |
| 2 | 1. ⲧ̅ⲁ̅ⲣ̅ⲧ̅ⲁ̅ⲣ̅ⲓ̅̈ⲥ̅ⲁ̅ⲣ̅ⲱ̅ | |
| 3 | 2. ⲡ̅ⲑ̅ⲁ̅ⲁ̅ⲥ̅ⲧ̅ⲁ̅ⲃ̅ⲓ̅̈ⲁ̅ⲥ̅ | draft · mediumTartarisaro |
| 4 | 3. ⲑ̅ⲁ̅ⲑ̅ⲁ̅ⲉ̅ⲓ̅̈ⲃ̅ⲏ̅ⲑ̅ⲁ̅ⲑ̅ⲁ | draft · mediumPthaastabias |
| 5 | 4. ⲗ̅ⲁ̅ϩ̅ⲕ̅ⲓ̈̅ⲙ̅ⲁ̅ⲓ̈̅ⲁ̅ⲕ̅ⲁ̅ϩ̅ⲁ̅ | draft · mediumThathaeibethatha |
| 6 | 5. ⲁⲗ̅ⲁ̅ϩ̅ⲁ̅ ⲗ̅ⲓ̈̅ⲧ̅ⲗ̅ⲓ̈̅ⲧ̅ ϯ ⲛⲟⲩ- | draft · mediumLahkimaiakaha |
| 7 | 6. ⲙⲁ̅ⲥ̅ⲧ̅ⲉ̅ ⲙ̅ⲛ̅ ⲟⲩⲡⲱⲣϫ ⲛⲁ- | draft · mediumAlaha, Litlit: give a |
| 8 | 7. ⲣⲁⲕⲟⲩⲓ̈ ‧ 𝍭= ⲉ̅ⲓ̈̅ⲥ̣̅ϯ̅ⲃ̅ⲓ̈̅ⲁ̅ ⲧ̅ⲟ̅ⲉ̅ⲩ̅ | draft · highhatred and a separation, Na- |
| 9 | 8. ⲣ̅ⲏ̅ⲭ̅ⲟ̅ⲣ̅ⲓ̈̅ⲭ̅ⲟ̅ⲣ̅ ⲟⲙⲁⲣ ϯ ⲛⲟⲩⲙⲁⲥⲧⲉ | draft · low-rakoui. (sign) Eistibia, Toeu, |
| 10 | 9. ⲙⲛ ⲟⲩⲡⲟⲣϫ ⲛ̇ⲥⲓ̈ⲡⲁ ⲡϣⲉ ⲛⲥⲓ̈ϩⲏⲩ | draft · mediumRechorichor, Omar: give a hatred |
| 11 | 10. ⲉϩⲟⲩⲛ ⲁⲟⲩⲁⲣⲧⲉⲓ̈ϩⲗⲁ ⲧϣⲉ ⲛϭⲁⲩ- | draft · highand a separation of Sipa son of Siheu |
| 12 | 11. ϩⲁⲣⲉ ⲙⲛ ϭⲁⲩϩⲁ̣[ⲣⲉ] ‧ ⲛⲛⲉⲟⲩⲁ ϩⲓ̈ⲟⲟⲩ ⲉϣ- | draft · hightoward Ouarteihla daughter of Cahau- |
| 13 | 12. ⲛⲁⲩ ⲉⲡϩⲟ ⲛ̇ⲛⲟⲩ̣[ⲁ ϩ]ⲓ̣̈ ⲛⲉⲩⲉⲣⲏⲩ ⲁⲓ̈ⲟ ⲁⲓ̈ⲟ | draft · high-re and Cahau[re]; let not one of them be able |
| 14 | ______________________________ | draft · highto see the face of the other. Aio, aio. |
| 15 | [tableau 1 | |
| 16 | Inside body of left figure: | |
| 17 | ⲛ̅ⲁ̅ⲣ̅ⲁ̅- | |
| 18 | ⲕ̅ⲟ̅ⲩ̅ⲓ̅ | draft · mediumNara- |
| 19 | Inside body of right figure: | |
| 20 | ⲕⲟⲩ- | |
| 21 | ⲛⲓ̈ | draft · mediumKou- |
| 22 | Kharaktēres left of figures: | |
| 23 | ++ΙΓ | |
| 24 | ΓΓΗ | |
| 25 | ΗΛΣΙ . | |
| 26 | ΠΒ . . . | |
| 27 | Further complex and/or illegible kharaktēres below and to the right] | |
| 28 | ___________________________________________ | |
| 29 | 13. ⲁⲛⲟⲕ̣ ⲡ̣ⲉ̣[ⲕⲁⲣⲧⲟⲗⲁⲛ ⲡⲉⲧⲡⲟ]ⲣϫ ⲛⲟⲩϣⲃⲏⲣ ⲁⲛⲛⲉϣⲃⲏ̣[ⲣ] | |
| 30 | 14. ⲁⲛ[ⲟⲕ ⲡⲉⲧⲡⲟⲣϫ . . . . ⲛⲑ]ⲁⲗⲁⲥⲥⲁ ⲁⲛⲟⲕ ⲡⲉⲧⲡⲟⲣ̅ϫ̅ | draft · mediumI am [Kartolan, the one who se]parates a friend from his friend; |
| 31 | 15. ⲛ̅ⲥ[ⲓ̈ⲡⲁ ⲡϣⲉ ⲛⲥⲓ̈ϩⲏⲩ ⲁⲟⲩⲁⲣⲧ]ⲉⲓ̈ϩⲗⲁ ⲧϣⲉ ⲛϭⲁⲩϩⲁⲣⲉ | draft · lowI [am the one who separates … the] sea; I am the one who separates |
| 32 | 16. ϫⲉⲕ̣ⲁ̣ⲥ̣ [ϩⲛ ⲧⲉⲩⲛⲟⲩ ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱϩ] ⲛ̇ⲛⲉⲕⲍ̅ⲱ̅ϯ̅ⲟⲛ ⲙⲛ ⲛⲉⲕⲫ̣̅ⲩ̅- | draft · mediumSi[pa son of Siheu from Ouart]eihla daughter of Cahaure, |
| 33 | 17. ⲗⲁⲕⲧⲏⲣ̣[ⲓⲟⲛ] ⲙ̣[ⲛ ⲛ]ⲉ̣ⲕⲣⲁⲛ̣ [ⲉⲡ]ⲣⲟ ⲙⲡⲉⲓ̈ⲧⲁⲫⲟⲥ ⲛⲛⲉⲓ̈ϩⲉⲗ- | draft · mediumso that [in the hour when they will place] your figures and your phy- |
| 34 | 18. ⲗⲏⲛ ⲛⲁ̣[ⲓ ⲉ]ⲧⲙⲟⲟⲩⲧ : ⲛ̇ⲉ[ⲥⲓ̈]ⲡ̣ⲁ ⲡϣⲉ ⲛⲥⲓ̈ϩⲏⲩ ⲡⲁⲣⲁⲅⲉ | draft · medium-lacteries and your names [at the] door of this tomb of these Hel- |
| 35 | 19. ⲙⲡⲣⲟ ⲙⲡⲏ̣[ⲓ ⲛ̅]ⲟⲩⲁⲣⲧⲉⲓ̈ϩ[ⲗⲁ ⲧ]ϣⲉ ⲛ̣ϭⲁⲩϩⲁⲣⲉ ϣⲁ ⲉⲛⲉϩ | draft · medium-lenes who are dead, (when) Sipa son of Siheu passes |
| 36 | 20. ⲛⲛⲉϥϣ ⲉ[ ca. 11 ? ] ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲉⲕⲁϯ ⲛⲁϥ ⲛ̣ⲟⲩⲙⲁⲥ- | draft · mediumthe door of the house of Ouarteihla daughter of Cahaure, for ever, |
| 37 | 21. [ⲧ]ⲉ ⲙⲛ ⲟ̣ⲩⲡ̣[ⲟⲣϫ ⲙⲛ ⲟⲩϯⲧⲟⲛ] ⲙⲛ ⲟⲩⲁϣⲁⲗ [ⲛ]ⲥ̣ⲓ̈ⲡⲁ ⲡϣⲉ ⲛ- | draft · lowlet him not be able to […] out; give him a hatred |
| 38 | 22. [ⲥⲓ̈]ϩⲏ̣[ⲩ ⲉϩⲟⲩⲛ ⲁⲟⲩⲁⲣⲧⲉⲓ̈ϩ]ⲗⲁ ⲧϣⲉ ⲛ[ϭⲁⲩϩⲁ]ⲣⲉϩ | draft · mediumand a separation [and a strife] and a shouting of Sipa son of |
| 39 | 23. [ⲛⲛⲉⲟⲩⲁ ϩⲓⲟⲟⲩ ⲉϣⲛⲁⲩ ⲉⲡϩⲟ ⲛ̇ⲛ]ⲟⲩⲁ ϩⲓ̈ ⲛⲉⲩ[ⲉⲣⲏⲩ] ϣⲁ ⲉⲛⲉϩ | draft · mediumSiheu [toward Ouarteih]la daughter of [Cahau]re; |
| 40 | 24. ⲁⲓ̈ⲟ ⲁ[ⲓ̈]ⲟ ϯ [ⲛⲟⲩⲙⲁⲥⲧⲉ ⲙ̅ⲛ̅ ⲟⲩⲡⲟⲣϫ ⲛⲥ]ⲓ̈ⲡⲁ ⲡϣⲉ ⲛⲥ̣ⲓ̣̈[ϩⲏⲩ] ⲉϩⲟⲩⲛ | draft · medium[let not one of them be able to see the face of] the other for ever. |
| 41 | 25. [ⲁ]ⲟⲩⲁⲣⲧⲉⲓ̣̈[ϩⲗⲁ ⲧϣⲉ ⲛϭⲁⲩϩⲁⲣⲉ ⲙⲛ ϭⲁⲩ]ϩⲁⲣⲉ | draft · mediumAio, aio; give [hatred and separation of] Sipa son of Si[heu] toward |
| 42 | [tableau 2 | |
| 43 | Inside body of central figure: | |
| 44 | ⲱⲱ̣ . | |
| 45 | ⲱⲱ . | draft · mediumoo |
| 46 | ⲱϣϣ | draft · mediumoo |
| 47 | ⲱⲱ] | draft · lowoshsh |
| 48 | ______________________________________ | draft · mediumoo |
| 49 | 26. ⲁⲛⲟⲕ ⲡⲉⲕⲁⲣⲧⲁⲗⲟⲛ ⲡⲉⲧⲡⲟⲣϫ ⲛⲟⲩⲥⲟⲛ ⲉⲡⲉϥⲥⲟⲛ | |
| 50 | 27. ⲁⲛⲟⲕ ⲡⲉⲧⲡⲟⲣϫ ⲛ̣ⲟⲩϣⲉⲗⲗⲏⲧ ⲉⲡⲉⲥϩⲁⲓ̈ ⲁⲛⲟⲕ ⲡⲉ- | draft · highI am Kartalon, the one who separates a brother from his brother; |
| 51 | 28. ⲕⲁⲣⲧⲁⲗⲟⲛ ⲡⲉⲛ̣[ⲧⲁ]ϥⲡⲟⲣϫ ⲙⲫⲁⲣⲁϩⲟ ⲉⲡⲉϥϩⲉⲑⲛⲟⲥ | draft · highI am the one who separates a bride from her husband; I am |
| 52 | 29. ⲉⲧⲃⲉ ⲡⲁϣⲁⲓ̈ ⲛ̣[ⲛⲉ]ϥϭⲟⲙ̣ ⲁⲛⲟⲕ ⲡⲉⲛⲧ̣ⲁ̣ϥ̣ⲧⲟⲩⲛⲟⲩⲥ ⲓ̈ⲟⲩⲧⲁⲥ ⲉϩⲣⲁⲓ̈ ⲉϫⲛ ⲉⲓ- | draft · highKartalon, who separated Pharaoh from his nation |
| 53 | 30. ⲓ̅ⲥ̅ ϣⲁⲛ̣ⲧⲟⲩⲥⲧⲁⲩⲣⲟ[ⲩ ⲙ]ⲙ̣ⲟϥ ϩⲓ̈ϫⲙ ⲡϣⲉ ⲙⲡⲉⲥⲧⲁⲩ⳨ⲱ̣̅ⲥ̅ ‧ ⲁⲛⲟⲕ ⲡⲉⲛ- | draft · mediumbecause of the multitude of his forces; I am the one who raised Judas up against |
| 54 | 31. ⲧⲁϥϩⲱⲗ ⲉϩⲣⲁⲓ̈ ⲉⲧ̣[ⲡ]ⲉ̣ ⲁϥⲱϣ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ϫⲉⲗ̅ⲟ̅ⲓ̈̅ ⲉ̅ⲓ̈̅ · ⲏ̅ⲗ̅ⲉ̅ⲙ̅ⲁ̅ⲥ̅ ⲁⲛⲟⲕ | draft · highJesus until they crucified him upon the wood of the cross; I am the one |
| 55 | 32. ⲟⲩⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ ϩⲟⲟⲧ ‧ ⲁ̣[ⲛⲟⲕ] ϩⲉ ϯⲥⲟⲡⲥ ⲁⲩⲱ ϯⲡⲁⲣⲁⲕⲁⲗⲉⲓ̈ ⲙⲙ̣ⲟⲕ ⲙⲡⲟⲟ̣ⲩ̣ | draft · mediumwho flew up to heaven (and) cried out: 'Eloi, Ei, Elemas'; I am |
| 56 | 33. ⲁⲡⲟⲗⲗⲉ ϫⲉⲕⲁⲥ ϩ[ⲛ ⲧⲉ]ⲩⲛⲟⲩ ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲛⲁⲟⲩⲱϩ ⲙⲙⲟⲕ ϩⲁ ⲧⲁⲡⲉ ⲙ̣ . [ . . ] . | draft · lowa male god (?). I too pray and beseech you today, |
| 57 | 34. ⲉⲓⲛⲉ ⲛⲟⲩⲙⲁⲥⲧⲉ [ⲙ]ⲛ̣ ⲟⲩⲡ̣ⲟⲣϫ ⲛⲥⲓ̈ⲡⲁ ⲡϣⲉ ⲛⲥⲓ̈ϩⲏⲩ ⲛ̣[ⲉϥⲡⲁ]ⲣ̣ⲁⲅⲉ̣ | draft · mediumApolle, so that in the hour when they will place you upon the head of […] |
| 58 | 35. ⲉϩⲟⲩⲛ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲓ̈ⲣ[ⲛ ⲡⲣⲟ] ⲛⲛⲟⲩⲁⲣⲧ- | draft · mediumyou bring a hatred and a separation of Sipa son of Siheu when he passes |
| 59 | 36. ⲉⲓ̈ϩⲗⲁ ⲧϣⲉ ⲛ̣ϭ[ⲁⲩϩⲁⲣ]ⲉ̣ | draft · mediumin, from the [door] of Ouart- |
| 60 | ⨳—————— | draft · medium-eihla daughter of Cahaure. |
| 61 | Verso | |
| 62 | [Tableau 3] | |
| 63 | Inside body of figure: | |
| 64 | 1. ⲥⲓ̈ⲡⲁ | |
| 65 | 2. ⲡϣⲉ ⲛ- | draft · highSipa |
| 66 | 3. ⲥⲓ̈ϩ̣[ⲏⲩ ϯ] ⲛⲟⲩⲙⲁⲥ- | draft · highson of |
| 67 | 4. ⲧⲉ ⲛ̣[ⲁϥ] ⲉ̣ϩⲟⲩⲛ | draft · mediumSiheu: [give] a hat- |
| 68 | 5. ⲁⲟⲩ[ⲁⲣⲧ]ⲉⲓ̈ϩⲗⲁ | draft · medium-red [to him] toward |
| 69 | 6. ϫⲉⲕⲁⲥ ⲉ[ⲧⲉ]ⲧⲛⲛⲁϯ ⲛⲟⲩⲙⲁⲥ ⲙⲛ ⲟⲩⲡⲟⲣϫ ⲙⲛ ⲟⲩⲁϣⲁⲗ ⲙⲛ ⲟⲩ- | |
| 70 | 7. ϯⲧⲟⲛ ⲉⲧⲙ[ⲏ]ⲧⲏ ⲛⲥⲓ̈ⲡⲁ ⲡϣⲉ ⲛⲥⲓ̈ϩⲏⲩ ⲉϩⲟⲩⲛ ⲁⲟⲩⲁ̣ⲣⲧⲉⲓ̈ϩⲗⲁ | draft · mediumThat you give a hatred and a separation and a shouting and a |
| 71 | 8. ⲧϣⲉ ⲛϭⲁⲩϩⲁⲣⲉ ⲛⲛⲉⲟⲩⲁ ϩⲓ̈ⲟⲟⲩ ϣ ⲛⲁⲩ ⲉⲡϩ̣ⲟ̣ ⲛⲟⲩⲁ ϩⲓ ⲛⲉⲩ- | draft · mediumstrife between Sipa son of Siheu toward Ouarteihla |
| 72 | 9. ⲉⲣⲏⲩ ϣⲁⲉⲛⲉϩ ϩⲓ̈ⲧⲛ̅ ⲧϭⲟⲙ ⲛⲛⲉⲓ̈ⲣⲁⲛ ⲉⲧⲉ̣ⲛⲁⲓ̈ ⲛⲉ ⲑ̅ⲕ̅ⲟ̅ⲩ̅ | draft · highdaughter of Cahaure; let not one of them be able to see the face of the other |
| 73 | 10. ⲗ̅ⲟ̅ⲣ̅ⲟ̅ⲗ̅ⲗ̅ⲉ̅ ⲙ̅ⲟ̅̅ⲣ̅ⲁ̅ⲩ̅ ⲡ̅ⲓ̅ⲑ̅ⲟ̅ⲥ̅ ⲥ̅ⲁ̅ⲭ̅ⲁ̅ⲟ̅ⲩ̅ⲥ̅ ⲥ̅ⲑ̅.̅[ . .]ⲏ̅ⲙ̅ ⲥ̅ⲉ̅ⲛ̅ⲛ̅ⲉ̅ⲥ̅ | draft · mediumfor ever, by the power of these names, which are these: Thkou- |
| 74 | 11. ⲛⲟⲕⲟⲕⲛⲓ̈ⲁ ϯ ⲛⲟⲩⲙⲁⲥⲧⲉ ⲙⲛ ⲟⲩⲡⲟⲣϫ ⲛ[ⲥ]ⲓ̈ⲡⲁ ⲡϣⲉ ⲛ- | draft · medium-lorolle, Morau, Pithos, Sachaous, Sth[…]em, Sennes, |
| 75 | 12. ⲥⲓ̈ϩⲏⲩ ⲉϩⲟⲩⲛ ⲁⲟⲩⲁⲣⲧⲉⲓ̈ⲟⲩϩⲗⲁ ⲙⲛ ⲧⲉⲥ[ⲙⲁⲁ]ⲩ ϭⲁⲩϩⲁⲣⲉ | draft · highNokokneia: give a hatred and a separation of Sipa son of |
| 76 | 13. ⲁⲓⲟ ⲁⲓⲟ ⲧⲁⲭⲏ ⲧⲁⲭⲏ ——————————————— | draft · mediumSiheu toward Ouarteiouhla and her [moth]er Cahaure. |
Provenance
- title
- Applied curse to separate Sipa son of Siheu from Ouerteihla the daughter of Cahaure and Cahaure herself.
- dialect
- mixed
- source
- Kyprianos text 150 (Curse (magical applied, separation)), edited text from corpus/incoming/kyprianos-coptic-magic/Kyprianos_Texts_exports_24.07.2026.csv (CSV export of 24 July 2026, staged 2026-09-10 by worker W-B1); manuscript(s) Louvre E 14.250 Louvre E.14.250 · Ro ll. 1-36 -Vo ll. 1-13; copy dated 901 – 1000 CE
- licence
- attribution — Open Database License (ODbL) 1.0 for the database + Database Contents License (DbCL) 1.0 for the contents, quoted verbatim from the Kyprianos help page (coptic-magic.phil.uni-wuerzburg.de, fetched 2026-09-10): "The Kyprianos Database is made available under the Open Database License … Any rights in individual contents of the database are licensed under the Database Contents License". ODbL is ATTRIBUTION + SHARE-ALIKE + KEEP-OPEN: an adapted database we publish must itself be offered under ODbL, and if we run a public service on it we must offer the adapted database too. Not a Creative Commons licence, which is why the class is declared by the string's own prefix
- share
- attribution
- attribution
- Kyprianos: Database of Ancient Ritual Texts and Objects, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg (https://www.coptic-magic.phil.uni-wuerzburg.de), CSV export of 24 July 2026, accessed 2026-09-10. Licensed ODbL 1.0 (http://opendatacommons.org/licenses/odbl/1.0/); contents DbCL 1.0. Changes: the edited Coptic of one record extracted to one file, apparatus and translation kept out of the text, by the Kemetic project, Yousef Hanna 2026.
- file
- Magic/Kyprianos Coptic magical texts/T0150 Applied curse to separate Sipa son of Siheu from Ouerteihla the daughter of Cahaure and Cahaur.kyprianos.L0.txt
- what it is
- DRAFT English. Not a published translation: `existing` rows quote an aligned translation named in `basis`; `llm` rows are a language-model best guess from the dictionary gloss and context (Yousef asked for them, 2026-09-27; to be corrected later); check the source text before relying on any of it.
- lines
- 0 quoted · 0 quoted with the alignment not cross-checked · 52 model drafts (marked “draft”)
L0 witness
English
Cite as:
Applied curse to separate Sipa son of Siheu from Ouerteihla the daughter of Cahaure and Cahaure herself.. Kyprianos text 150 (Curse (magical applied, separation)), edited text from corpus/incoming/kyprianos-coptic-magic/Kyprianos_Texts_exports_24.07.2026.csv (CSV export of 24 July 2026, staged 2026-09-10 by worker W-B1); manuscript(s) Louvre E 14.250 Louvre E.14.250 · Ro ll. 1-36 -Vo ll. 1-13; copy dated 901 – 1000 CE. Layers as published by the Kemetic project (Yousef Hanna), 2026: Coptic · Cairene · Kemetic, /doc/magic/kyprianos-coptic-magical-texts/t0150-applied-curse-to-separate-sipa-son-of-siheu-from-ouerteihla-the-daughter-o-9c4fd9/. Kyprianos: Database of Ancient Ritual Texts and Objects, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg (https://www.coptic-magic.phil.uni-wuerzburg.de), CSV export of 24 July 2026, accessed 2026-09-10. Licensed ODbL 1.0 (http://opendatacommons.org/licenses/odbl/1.0/); contents DbCL 1.0. Changes: the edited Coptic of one record extracted to one file, apparatus and translation kept out of the text, by the Kemetic project, Yousef Hanna 2026.
What the layers are
The text as its witness or edition has it, original spelling; its dialect is a description and is never standardized.
For Egyptian texts: the transliteration with the editors' marks turned into the symbols ° * < > _ ^ (ruled 2026-09-10). For papyri: the edition's Leiden marks as the same symbols, and the editors' readings beside the scribe's as ‹scribe→editors› (ruled PAP-3).
Standardized Greco-Bohairic spelling and grammar, generated by code from the layer above under the rulings of the project.
The Kemetic alphabet, generated by code from L1.
Quoted translations where they exist, credited; otherwise model drafts, marked as drafts.