Who but God is the Witness MONB.FL 185-186 (Amélineau edition)

Monastic · Shenoute – Witness · sahidic · L0 witness · L1 Cairene · L2 Kemetic · English

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Source: Coptic SCRIPTORIUM corpus "shenoute-witness", document shenoute.witness.FL185-186

Attribution: Who but God is the Witness MONB.FL 185-186 (Amélineau edition) from Coptic SCRIPTORIUM (https://copticscriptorium.org), corpus shenoute-witness, document shenoute.witness.FL185-186, version 5.0.0 (2024-05-06), annotations by Adeline Harrington, Lydia Bremer-McCollum, Caroline T. Schroeder; source edition Stephen Emmel. Licensed CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Layers L1/L2 are modified: re-spelled (Cairene) / transliterated (Kemetic) by the Kemetic project, Yousef Hanna 2026.

Licence: CC-BY 4.0

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0

Full provenance and citation

The text

13 lines · a line number is a link to itself

English: quoted translations are shown as they are, with their credit in the provenance; lines marked draft are language-model drafts made for this project (to be corrected), and alignment unchecked marks a quoted verse whose placement was not cross-checked. Check the Coptic before relying on any English line.

refL0 witnessL1 CaireneL2 KemeticEnglish
1ⲧⲁϥⲙⲟⲟⲩⲧϥ ⲏ ϫⲉⲉϥⲛⲁϩⲟⲡϥ ⲛϩⲏⲧϥ ⲛϥⲧⲙⲟⲩⲱⲛϩ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ .ⲧⲁϥⲙⲟⲟⲩⲧϥ ⲓⲉ ϫⲉ ⲉϥⲛⲁϩⲟⲡϥ ⲛ̀ϧⲏⲧϥ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉϥϣⲧⲉⲙⲟⲩⲱⲛϩ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ.tafmooutf ie je efnahopf ǹxytf ǹtefṡtemouōnh èvol.draft · medium... (that) he killed him, or that he will hide it within himself and not reveal (it).
2ϭⲟⲙϭⲙ ϩⲛⲛⲉⲧⲛⲟⲩⲉⲣⲏⲧⲉ ⲉⲣϣⲁⲛⲧⲙⲛⲉⲧⲛϭⲓϫ ⲏ ⲛⲉⲧⲛⲧⲏⲏⲃⲉ ϩⲱⲣⲡ ⲛϩⲏⲧⲟⲩ ⲛⲉⲥⲛⲱⲱϥ ⲉⲧⲙⲙⲁⲩϬⲟⲙϭⲙ ϧⲉⲛ ⲛⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲉⲣⲏⲧⲉ ⲉⲣϣⲁⲛⲧⲙⲛⲛⲉⲧⲛϭⲓϫ ⲓⲉ ⲛⲉⲧⲉⲛⲧⲏⲃ ϩⲱⲣⲡ ⲛ̀ϧⲏⲧⲟⲩ ⲛ̀ⲥⲛⲱⲱϥ ⲉ̀ⲧⲉ ⲙ̀ⲙⲁⲩĊomċm xen netenoueryte erṡantmnnetnċig ie netentyb hōrp ǹxytou ǹsnōōf ète m̀mavdraft · lowFeel your feet, (to see) whether your hands or your fingers are not stained in them with that blood,
3ⲏ ⲛⲥⲉϩⲟⲣⲡ ⲁⲛ ⲛϩⲏⲧⲟⲩ ⲛⲉⲧⲛϭⲓϫ ϫⲓⲛⲛϣⲟⲣⲡ . ⲛⲧⲱⲧⲛ ⲛⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉ ⲛⲉⲩⲧⲏⲏⲃⲉ ⲙⲉϩ ⲛⲥⲛⲟϥ ⲛⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉⲧⲉⲩⲁⲕⲁⲑⲁⲣⲥⲓⲁ ⲇⲉ ⲟⲛ ϩⲁⲛⲉⲩⲟⲩⲉⲣⲏⲧⲉ ⲛⲑⲉ ⲉⲧⲥⲏϩⲓⲉ ⲛ̀ⲥⲉϩⲟⲣⲡ ⲁⲛ ⲛ̀ϧⲏⲧⲟⲩ ⲛⲉⲧⲉⲛϫⲓϫ ϫⲓⲛⲛ̀ϣⲟⲣⲡ. Ⲛ̀ⲑⲱⲧⲉⲛ ⲛⲉ̀ⲧⲉ ⲛⲟⲩⲧⲏⲃ ⲙⲉϩ ⲛ̀ⲥ̀ⲛⲟϥ ⲛⲉ̀ⲧⲉ ⲧⲟⲩⲁⲕⲁⲑⲁⲣⲥⲓⲁ ⲇⲉ ⲟⲛ ϧⲁ ⲛⲟⲩⲟⲩⲉⲣⲏⲧⲉ ⲛ̀ⲫ̀ⲣⲏϯ ⲉⲧⲥ̀ϧⲏⲟⲩⲧie ǹsehorp an ǹxytou netenjig jinǹṡorp. Ǹθōten nète noutyb meh ǹs̀nof nète touakaθarsia ḋe on xa nououeryte ǹf̀ryti ets̀xyoutdraft · mediumor whether your hands were not stained with it from the first — you whose fingers are full of blood, and whose impurity is also under their feet, as it is written.
4ⲥⲉⲛⲁϣⲓ ⲛⲏⲧⲛ ⲙⲡϣⲓ ⲛⲧⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛϣⲓ ⲙⲙⲟϥⲥⲉⲛⲁϣⲓ ⲛⲱⲧⲉⲛ ⲛ̀ⲡ̀ϣⲓ ⲉⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲓ ⲙ̀ⲙⲟϥsenaṡi nōten ǹp̀ṡi etaretenṡi m̀mofdraft · highThey will measure to you with the measure with which you measured.
5ⲛⲉⲛⲧⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛⲗⲩⲡⲉⲓ ⲙⲙⲟⲟⲩ ⲛⲧⲟⲟⲩ ⲛⲉⲧⲛⲁⲗⲩⲡⲉⲓ ⲙⲙⲱⲧⲛ .ⲛⲉⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲗⲩⲡⲉⲓ ⲙ̀ⲙⲱⲟⲩ ⲛ̀ⲑⲱⲟⲩ ⲛⲉⲧⲛⲁⲗⲩⲡⲉⲓ ⲙ̀ⲙⲱⲧⲉⲛ.netaretenlipei m̀mōou ǹθōou netnalipei m̀mōten.draft · highThose whom you have grieved are the ones who will grieve you.
6ⲙⲡⲣⲙⲉⲉⲩⲉ ϫⲉⲟⲩⲁ ⲛϩⲏⲧⲟⲩ ⲡⲉⲧϣⲁϫⲉ ⲛⲙⲙⲏⲧⲛⲘ̀ⲡⲉⲣⲙⲉⲩⲓ ϫⲉ ⲟⲩⲁⲓ ⲛ̀ϧⲏⲧⲟⲩ ⲡⲉⲧⲥⲁϫⲓ ⲛⲉⲙⲱⲧⲉⲛM̀permevi je ouai ǹxytou petsaji nemōtendraft · highDo not think that it is one of them who speaks with you;
7ⲛⲧⲟϥ ⲁⲛ ⲡⲉ ⲟⲩⲇⲉ ⲛⲕⲉⲟⲩⲁ ⲁⲛ ⲡⲉ ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁϣⲙⲉⲉⲩⲉ ⲉⲣⲟϥ ϫⲉⲉⲩⲉϥⲱⲧⲉ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲟⲛ ⲛⲛⲉⲧⲛⲣⲙⲉⲓⲏ ⲛⲕⲉⲥⲟⲡ ϩⲙⲡⲧⲣⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁϣⲁϩⲟⲙ ⲛⲑⲉ ⲛⲟⲩⲁⲣⲝ . ⲛⲧⲱⲧⲛ ⲛⲉⲧⲉ ⲙⲡⲉ ⲡⲉⲩϩⲁⲡ ⲥⲁϩⲱϥ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲙⲙⲟⲟⲩ ϫⲓⲛⲛϣⲟⲣⲡ ⲁⲩⲱ ⲙⲡⲉⲡⲉⲩⲥⲛⲟϥ ⲱϣⲙ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ϫⲉⲛϥⲡⲁϩⲧ ⲁⲛ ⲉϫⲙⲡⲕⲁϩ ⲉϩⲱⲃⲥ ⲛⲟⲩⲕⲁϩ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲉϫⲱϥ ⲁⲗⲗⲁ ⲉϥⲡⲁϩⲧ ⲉϫⲛⲟⲩⲡⲉⲧⲣⲁ ⲉⲥⲥⲗϭⲗⲱϭⲛ̀ⲑⲟϥ ⲁⲛ ⲡⲉ ⲟⲩⲇⲉ ⲛ̀ⲕⲉⲟⲩⲁⲓ ⲁⲛ ⲡⲉ ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲁϣⲙⲉⲩⲓ ⲉ̀ⲣⲟϥ ϫⲉ ⲉⲩⲉ̀ϥⲱϯ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ ⲟⲛ ⲛ̀ⲛⲉⲧⲉⲛⲣⲙⲉⲓⲏ ⲛ̀ⲕⲉⲥⲟⲡ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡ̀ⲑⲣⲉⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲁϣⲁϩⲟⲙ ⲛ̀ⲫ̀ⲣⲏϯ ⲛ̀ⲟⲩⲁⲣⲝ. Ⲛ̀ⲑⲱⲧⲉⲛ ⲛⲉ̀ⲧⲉ ⲛ̀ⲡ ⲡⲟⲩϩⲁⲡ ⲥⲁϩⲱϥ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ ⲙ̀ⲙⲱⲟⲩ ϫⲓⲛⲛ̀ϣⲟⲣⲡ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲡⲟⲩⲥ̀ⲛⲟϥ ⲱϣⲉⲙ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ ϫⲉ ⲛ̀ϥⲡⲁϩⲧ ⲁⲛ ⲉ̀ϫⲉⲛ ⲡ̀ⲕⲁϩⲓ ⲉ̀ϩⲱⲃⲥ ⲛ̀ⲟⲩⲕⲁϩⲓ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ ⲉ̀ϫⲱϥ ⲁⲗⲗⲁ ⲁⲣⲉϥⲡⲁϩⲧ ⲉ̀ϫⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲡⲉⲧⲣⲁ ⲉⲥⲥⲗϭⲗⲱϭǹθof an pe ouḋe ǹkeouai an pe etetenaṡmevi èrof je evèfōti èvol on ǹnetenrmeiy ǹkesop xen p̀θretetenaṡahom ǹf̀ryti ǹouarks. Ǹθōten nète ǹp pouhap sahōf èvol m̀mōou jinǹṡorp ouoh m̀pepous̀nof ōṡem èvol je ǹfpaht an èjen p̀kahi èhōvs ǹoukahi èvol ègōf alla arefpaht èjen oupetra esslċlōċdraft · mediumit is not he, nor anyone else you can think of, who will wipe away your tears again another time when you groan like a bear — you whose judgement has not departed from them from the first, and whose blood has not been quenched, because it was not poured out on the ground to be covered with earth, but is poured out on a smooth rock.
8ⲡⲓϣⲁϫⲉ ϣⲟⲟⲡ ⲙⲙⲉ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ϫⲉⲟⲩⲙⲉ ⲡⲉ ⲡⲉⲛⲧⲁϥϫⲟⲟϥ ⲉϩⲣⲁⲓ ⲉϫⲱⲛ ϫⲓⲛⲛϣⲟⲣⲡ ⲁⲩⲱ ⲟⲛ ⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩ ϫⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛⲉⲓⲣⲉ ⲛϩⲉⲛ ϩⲃⲏⲩⲉ ⲉⲙⲉϣϣⲉ ϩⲣⲁⲓ ϩⲛⲛⲓⲥⲩⲛⲁⲅⲱⲅⲏⲡⲁⲓⲥⲁϫⲓ ϣⲟⲡ ⲛ̀ⲙⲏⲓ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ ϫⲉ ⲟⲩⲙⲏⲓ ⲡⲉ ⲡⲉⲧⲁϥϫⲟϥ ⲉϩⲣⲁⲓ ⲉ̀ϫⲱⲛ ϫⲓⲛⲛ̀ϣⲟⲣⲡ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲟⲛ ϯⲛⲟⲩ ϫⲉ ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓ̀ⲣⲓ ⲛ̀ϩⲁⲛ ϩⲃⲏⲩⲉ ⲉⲙⲉϣϣⲉ ϩⲣⲁⲓ ϧⲉⲛ ⲛⲁⲓⲥⲩⲛⲁⲅⲱⲅⲏpaisaji ṡop ǹmyi èvol je oumyi pe petafgof ehrai ègōn jinǹṡorp ouoh on tinou je aretenìri ǹhan hvyve emeṡṡe hrai xen naisinaġōgydraft · highThis word holds true, because what he spoke about us from the first, and also now, is truth: that you have done unseemly works in these congregations;
9ⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛⲁⲁⲩ ϩⲛⲟⲩϩⲱⲡ ϩⲣⲁⲓ ϩⲛϩⲉⲛⲙⲁ ⲉⲩϩⲏⲡ ϩⲛⲛⲕⲗϫⲉ ⲛⲛⲓⲥⲩⲛⲁⲅⲱⲅⲏ ⲁⲩⲱ ⲛϩⲟⲩⲛ ⲛⲛⲏⲓⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲁⲓⲟⲩ ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩϩⲱⲡ ϩⲣⲁⲓ ϧⲉⲛ ϩⲁⲛⲙⲁ ⲉⲩϩⲏⲡ ϧⲉⲛ ⲛ̀ⲕⲗϫⲉ ⲛ̀ⲛⲁⲓⲥⲩⲛⲁⲅⲱⲅⲏ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲥⲁϧⲟⲩⲛ ⲛ̀ⲛⲏⲓaretenaiou xen ouhōp hrai xen hanma evhyp xen ǹklje ǹnaisinaġōgy ouoh saxoun ǹnyidraft · highyou did them secretly in places hidden in the corners of these congregations and inside the houses;
10ⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛⲥⲱⲱϥ ⲙⲡⲉⲣⲡⲉ ⲙⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛⲗⲩⲡⲉⲓ ⲙⲡⲉϥⲡ︦ⲛ︦ⲁ︦ ϩⲣⲁⲓ ⲛϩⲏⲧⲧⲏⲩⲧⲛⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲱϥ ⲛ̀ⲡⲉⲣⲫⲉⲓ ⲛ̀ⲫ̀ⲛⲟⲩϯ ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲗⲩⲡⲉⲓ ⲛ̀ⲡⲉϥⲡ̀ⲛⲉⲩⲙⲁ ϩⲣⲁⲓ ⲛ̀ϧⲏⲧⲑⲏⲛⲟⲩaretensōf ǹperfei ǹf̀nouti aretenlipei ǹpefp̀nevma hrai ǹxytθynoudraft · highyou defiled the temple of God, you grieved his Spirit within you;
11ⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛⲙⲟⲟϣⲉ ϩⲛⲟⲩⲕⲣⲟϥ ϩⲛⲧⲙⲏⲧⲉ ⲙⲡⲉⲧⲛⲗⲁⲟⲥ ⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛⲉⲓⲣⲉ ⲛϩⲉⲛϫⲱϩⲙⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲙⲟϣⲓ ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲭ̀ⲣⲟϥ ϧⲉⲛ ⲑ̀ⲙⲏϯ ⲛ̀ⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛⲗⲁⲟⲥ ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓ̀ⲣⲓ ⲛ̀ϩⲁⲛϭⲱϧⲉⲙaretenmoṡi xen ouk̀rof xen θ̀myti ǹpetenlaos aretenìri ǹhanċōxemdraft · highyou walked in deceit in the midst of your people, you committed defilements;
12ⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛⲧⲁⲕⲉ ⲧⲏⲩⲧⲛ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲓⲧⲟⲟⲧⲟⲩ ⲛⲛⲉⲧϩⲓⲧⲟⲩⲱⲧⲛ ⲁⲩⲱ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲓⲧⲛⲧⲏⲩⲧⲛ ⲙⲙⲓⲛ ⲙⲱⲧⲛ ϩⲣⲁⲓ ϩⲛϩⲉⲛϩⲃⲏⲩⲉ ⲙⲙⲛⲧⲁⲕⲁⲑⲁⲣⲧⲟⲥⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲧⲁⲕⲉ ⲑⲏⲛⲟⲩ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲓⲧⲟⲧⲟⲩ ⲛ̀ⲛⲉⲧϧⲁⲑⲟⲩⲧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲓⲧⲉⲛ ⲑⲏⲛⲟⲩ ⲙ̀ⲙⲓⲛ ⲙⲟⲧⲉⲛ ϩⲣⲁⲓ ϧⲉⲛ ϩⲁⲛϩ̀ⲃⲏⲟⲩⲓ̀ ⲛ̀ⲙ̀ⲛⲧⲁⲕⲁⲑⲁⲣⲧⲟⲥaretentake θynou èvol hitotou ǹnetxaθouten ouoh èvol hiten θynou m̀min moten hrai xen hanh̀vyouì ǹm̀ntakaθartosdraft · highyou destroyed yourselves through those who are close to you and through your own selves, in works of uncleanness.
13ⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛⲃⲱⲕ ⲉϩⲟⲩⲛ ⲉⲡⲏⲓ ⲙⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ .ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲃⲱⲕ ⲉ̀ϧⲟⲩⲛ ⲉ̀ⲡ̀ⲏⲓ ⲛ̀ⲫ̀ⲛⲟⲩϯ.aretenvōk èxoun èp̀yi ǹf̀nouti.draft · highyou went into the house of God.

Provenance

L0 witness

title
Who but God is the Witness MONB.FL 185-186 (Amélineau edition)
dialect
sahidic
source
Coptic SCRIPTORIUM corpus "shenoute-witness", document shenoute.witness.FL185-186
licence
CC-BY 4.0
share
attribution
attribution
Who but God is the Witness MONB.FL 185-186 (Amélineau edition) from Coptic SCRIPTORIUM (https://copticscriptorium.org), corpus shenoute-witness, document shenoute.witness.FL185-186, version 5.0.0 (2024-05-06), annotations by Adeline Harrington, Lydia Bremer-McCollum, Caroline T. Schroeder; source edition Stephen Emmel. Licensed CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Layers L1/L2 are modified: re-spelled (Cairene) / transliterated (Kemetic) by the Kemetic project, Yousef Hanna 2026.
annotation
segmentation checked · tagging checked · parsing automatic (SCRIPTORIUM meta.json; document version 5.0.0, 2024-05-06)
file
Monastic/Shenoute – Witness/shenoute.witness.FL185-186.sahidic.scriptorium.L0.txt

L1 Cairene

title
Who but God is the Witness MONB.FL 185-186 (Amélineau edition) — Cairene
dialect
bohairic
source
generated from shenoute.witness.FL185-186.sahidic.scriptorium.L0.txt (Coptic SCRIPTORIUM corpus "shenoute-witness", document shenoute.witness.FL185-186)
licence
CC BY-SA 4.0
share
attribution
attribution
Who but God is the Witness MONB.FL 185-186 (Amélineau edition) from Coptic SCRIPTORIUM (https://copticscriptorium.org), corpus shenoute-witness, document shenoute.witness.FL185-186, version 5.0.0 (2024-05-06), annotations by Adeline Harrington, Lydia Bremer-McCollum, Caroline T. Schroeder; source edition Stephen Emmel. Licensed CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Layers L1/L2 are modified: re-spelled (Cairene) / transliterated (Kemetic) by the Kemetic project, Yousef Hanna 2026.
annotation
segmentation checked · tagging checked · parsing automatic (SCRIPTORIUM meta.json; document version 5.0.0, 2024-05-06)
generated by
tools/sahidic_to_cairene.py (route D, C3a 2026-09-24; tier a, ROUTE-2 2026-09-26) then tools/cairene.py from_witness dialect=bohairic on the intermediate (L1 = Cairene(N_B(D(N_S(L0)))), RI-038; word division church); Sahidic N stage counts: abbrev=1 lexeme_open=1 n_morphs_fallback=1 stroke_unified=3 th_resolved=2 tokens=146
file
Monastic/Shenoute – Witness/shenoute.witness.FL185-186.sahidic.scriptorium.L1.txt

L2 Kemetic

title
Who but God is the Witness MONB.FL 185-186 (Amélineau edition) — Kemetic
dialect
bohairic
source
generated from shenoute.witness.FL185-186.sahidic.scriptorium.L1.txt
licence
CC BY-SA 4.0
share
attribution
attribution
Who but God is the Witness MONB.FL 185-186 (Amélineau edition) from Coptic SCRIPTORIUM (https://copticscriptorium.org), corpus shenoute-witness, document shenoute.witness.FL185-186, version 5.0.0 (2024-05-06), annotations by Adeline Harrington, Lydia Bremer-McCollum, Caroline T. Schroeder; source edition Stephen Emmel. Licensed CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Layers L1/L2 are modified: re-spelled (Cairene) / transliterated (Kemetic) by the Kemetic project, Yousef Hanna 2026.
annotation
segmentation checked · tagging checked · parsing automatic (SCRIPTORIUM meta.json; document version 5.0.0, 2024-05-06)
generated by
tools/coptic_to_kemetic.py convert() on the L1 text (letter rules of DECISIONS.md 2026-09-08)
file
Monastic/Shenoute – Witness/shenoute.witness.FL185-186.sahidic.scriptorium.L2.txt

English

what it is
DRAFT English. Not a published translation: `existing` rows quote an aligned translation named in `basis`; `llm` rows are a language-model best guess from the dictionary gloss and context (Yousef asked for them, 2026-09-27; to be corrected later); check the source text before relying on any of it.
lines
0 quoted · 0 quoted with the alignment not cross-checked · 13 model drafts (marked “draft”)

Cite as:

Who but God is the Witness MONB.FL 185-186 (Amélineau edition). Coptic SCRIPTORIUM corpus "shenoute-witness", document shenoute.witness.FL185-186. Layers as published by the Kemetic project (Yousef Hanna), 2026: Coptic · Cairene · Kemetic, /doc/monastic/shenoute-witness/shenoute.witness.fl185-186.sahidic.scriptorium/. Who but God is the Witness MONB.FL 185-186 (Amélineau edition) from Coptic SCRIPTORIUM (https://copticscriptorium.org), corpus shenoute-witness, document shenoute.witness.FL185-186, version 5.0.0 (2024-05-06), annotations by Adeline Harrington, Lydia Bremer-McCollum, Caroline T. Schroeder; source edition Stephen Emmel. Licensed CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Layers L1/L2 are modified: re-spelled (Cairene) / transliterated (Kemetic) by the Kemetic project, Yousef Hanna 2026.

What the layers are

L0 witness
The text as its witness or edition has it, original spelling; its dialect is a description and is never standardized.
L0.5 transliteration
For Egyptian texts: the transliteration with the editors' marks turned into the symbols ° * < > _ ^ (ruled 2026-09-10). For papyri: the edition's Leiden marks as the same symbols, and the editors' readings beside the scribe's as ‹scribe→editors› (ruled PAP-3).
L1 Cairene
Standardized Greco-Bohairic spelling and grammar, generated by code from the layer above under the rulings of the project.
L2 Kemetic
The Kemetic alphabet, generated by code from L1.
English
Quoted translations where they exist, credited; otherwise model drafts, marked as drafts.