Exodus 1 — Coptic · Cairene

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Source: Coptic SCRIPTORIUM corpus "sahidic.ot", document 02_Exodus_01

Attribution: Exodus 1 from Coptic SCRIPTORIUM (https://copticscriptorium.org), corpus sahidic.ot, document 02_Exodus_01, version 6.1.0 (2025-06-30), annotations by Frank Feder, So Miyagawa, Elizabeth Platte, Caroline T. Schroeder, Amir Zeldes; source edition Crosswire, CoptOT. Licensed CC BY-SA 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/); this derivative is released under the same licence. CoptOT / Göttingen Digital Edition of the Coptic Old Testament, via Crosswire; English translation Brenton 1851 (ebible.org). Layers L1/L2 are modified: re-spelled (Cairene) / transliterated (Kemetic) by the Kemetic project, Yousef Hanna 2026.

Licence: CC-BY-SA 4.0

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0

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The text

21 lines · a line number is a link to itself

English: quoted translations are shown as they are, with their credit in the provenance; lines marked draft are language-model drafts made for this project (to be corrected), and alignment unchecked marks a quoted verse whose placement was not cross-checked. Check the Coptic before relying on any English line.

ref	L0 witness	L1 Cairene	L2 Kemetic	English
1:1	ⲛⲁⲓ ⲛⲉ ⲛⲣⲁⲛ ⲛⲛϣⲏⲣⲉ ⲙⲡⲓ︤ⲏ︦ⲗ︥ ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲩⲃⲱⲕ ⲉϩⲣⲁⲓ ⲉⲕⲏⲙⲉ ⲙⲛⲓⲁⲕⲱⲃ ⲡⲉⲩⲓⲱⲧ ⲡⲟⲩⲁ ⲡⲟⲩⲁ ⲁϥⲃⲱⲕ ⲉϩⲟⲩⲛ ⲙⲛⲡⲉϥⲏⲉⲓ ⲧⲏⲣϥ	ⲛⲁⲓ ⲛⲉ ⲛ̀ⲣⲁⲛ ⲛ̀ⲛ̀ϣⲏⲣⲓ ⲛ̀ⲡⲓⲥⲣⲁⲏⲗ ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲃⲱⲕ ⲉϩⲣⲁⲓ ⲉ̀ⲭⲏⲙⲓ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲓⲁⲕⲱⲃ ⲡⲟⲩⲓⲱⲧ ⲡ̀ⲟⲩⲁⲓ ⲡ̀ⲟⲩⲁⲓ ⲁϥⲃⲱⲕ ⲉ̀ϧⲟⲩⲛ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲡⲉϥⲏⲓ ⲧⲏⲣϥ	nai ne ǹran ǹǹṡyri ǹpisrayl etavvōk ehrai èkymi nem iakōb pouiōt p̀ouai p̀ouai afvōk èxoun nem pefyi tyrf	These are the names of the sons of Israel that came into Egypt together with Jacob their father; they came in each with their whole family.
1:2	ϩⲣⲟⲩⲃⲏⲛ ⲥⲩⲙⲉⲱⲛ ⲗⲉⲩⲉⲓ ⲓⲟⲩⲇⲁⲥ	ϩⲣⲟⲩⲃⲏⲛ ⲥⲩⲙⲉⲱⲛ ⲗⲉⲩⲉⲓ ⲓⲟⲩⲇⲁⲥ	hrouvyn simeōn levei ioudas	Ruben, Simeon, Levi, Judas,
1:3	ⲓⲥⲥⲁⲭⲁⲣ ⲍⲁⲃⲟⲩⲗⲱⲛ ⲙⲛⲃⲉⲛⲓⲁⲙⲉⲓⲛ	ⲓⲥⲥⲁⲭⲁⲣ ⲍⲁⲃⲟⲩⲗⲱⲛ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲃⲉⲛⲓⲁⲙⲓⲛ	issaxar zavoulōn nem beniamin	Issachar, Zabulon, Benjamin,
1:4	ⲇⲁⲛ ⲙⲛⲉⲫⲑⲁⲗⲉⲓⲙ ⲅⲁⲇ ⲙⲛⲁⲥⲏⲣ	ⲇⲁⲛ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲉ̀ⲫ̀ⲑⲁⲗⲉⲓⲙ ⲅⲁⲇ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲥⲏⲣ	ḋan nem èf̀θaleim ġad nem syr	Dan and Nephthalim, Gad and Aser.
1:5	ⲓⲱⲥⲏⲫ ⲇⲉ ⲛⲉϥϩⲛⲕⲏⲙⲉ ⲡⲉ ⲯⲩⲭⲏ ⲇⲉ ⲛⲓⲙ ⲉⲛⲧⲁⲩⲉⲓ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲛⲓⲁⲕⲱⲃ ⲉⲩⲙⲉϩϣϥⲉ ⲧⲏ	ⲓⲱⲥⲏⲫ ⲇⲉ ⲛⲁϥ ϧⲉⲛ ⲭⲏⲙⲓ ⲡ ⲯⲩⲭⲏ ⲇⲉ ⲛⲓⲃⲉⲛ ⲉ̀ⲛ̀ⲧⲁⲩⲉⲓ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ ϧⲉⲛ ⲓⲁⲕⲱⲃ ⲉⲩⲙⲁϩϣϥⲉ ⲧⲏ	iōsyf ḋe naf xen kymi p psiṡy ḋe niven èǹtavei èvol xen iakōb evmahṡfe ty	But Joseph was in Egypt. And all the souls born of Jacob were seventy-five.
1:6	ⲁϥⲙⲟⲩ ⲛϭⲓⲓⲱⲥⲏⲫ ⲙⲛⲛⲉϥⲥⲛⲏⲩ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ ⲙⲛⲧⲅⲉⲛⲉⲁ ⲧⲏⲣⲥ ⲉⲧⲙⲙⲁⲩ	ⲁϥⲙⲟⲩ ⲛ̀ϫⲉ ⲓⲱⲥⲏⲫ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲛⲉϥⲥ̀ⲛⲏⲟⲩ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲧ̀ⲅⲉⲛⲉⲁ̀ ⲧⲏⲣⲥ ⲉ̀ⲧⲉ ⲙ̀ⲙⲁⲩ	afmou ǹje iōsyf nem nefs̀nyou tyrou nem t̀geneà tyrs ète m̀mav	And Joseph died, and all his brethren, and all that generation.
1:7	ⲛϣⲏⲣⲉ ⲇⲉ ⲙⲡⲓ︤ⲏ︦ⲗ︥ ⲁⲩⲁⲉⲓⲁⲓ ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁⲩⲁϣⲁⲉⲓ ⲁⲩⲡⲱⲣϣ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲁⲩϭⲙϭⲟⲙ ⲉⲙⲁⲧⲉ ⲡⲕⲁϩ ⲇⲉ ⲁϥⲧⲁϣⲟⲟⲩ	ⲛ̀ϣⲏⲣⲓ ⲇⲉ ⲛ̀ⲡⲓⲥⲣⲁⲏⲗ ⲁⲩⲁⲉⲓⲁⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁⲩⲁ̀ϣⲁⲓ ⲁⲩⲫⲱⲣϣ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ ⲁⲩϫⲉⲙϫⲟⲙ ⲉ̀ⲙⲁϣⲱ ⲡ̀ⲕⲁϩⲓ ⲇⲉ ⲁϥⲧⲁϣⲟⲟⲩ	ǹṡyri ḋe ǹpisrayl avaeiai ouoh avàṡai avfōrṡ èvol avjemgom èmaṡō p̀kahi ḋe aftaṡoou	And the children of Israel increased and multiplied, and became numerous and grew exceedingly strong, and the land multiplied them.
1:8	ⲁϥⲧⲱⲟⲩⲛ ⲛϭⲓⲕⲉⲣⲣⲟ ⲉϩⲣⲁⲓ ⲉϫⲛⲕⲏⲙⲉ ⲡⲁⲓ ⲉⲛϥⲥⲟⲟⲩⲛ ⲁⲛ ⲉⲓⲱⲥⲏⲫ	ⲁϥⲧⲱⲟⲩⲛ ⲛ̀ϫⲉ ⲕⲉⲟⲩⲣⲟ ⲉϩⲣⲁⲓ ⲉ̀ϫⲉⲛ ⲭⲏⲙⲓ ⲫⲁⲓ ⲉⲛ̀ϥⲥⲱⲟⲩⲛ ⲁⲛ ⲉ̀ⲓⲱⲥⲏⲫ	aftōoun ǹje keouro ehrai èjen kymi fai eǹfsōoun an èiōsyf	And there arose up another king over Egypt, who knew not Joseph.
1:9	ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲙⲡⲉϥⲅⲉⲛⲟⲥ ϫⲉⲉⲓⲥϩⲏⲏⲧⲉ ⲡϩⲉⲑⲛⲟⲥ ⲛⲛϣⲏⲣⲉ ⲙⲡⲓ︤ⲏ︦ⲗ︥ ⲟⲩⲛⲟϭ ⲙⲙⲏⲏϣⲉ ⲡⲉ ⲁⲩⲱ ⲉϥϭⲙϭⲟⲙ ⲉϩⲟⲩⲉⲣⲟⲛ	ⲡⲉϫⲉϥ ⲛ̀ⲡⲉϥⲅⲉⲛⲟⲥ ϫⲉ ⲓⲥϩⲏⲡⲡⲉ ⲡ̀ϩⲉⲑⲛⲟⲥ ⲛ̀ⲛ̀ϣⲏⲣⲓ ⲛ̀ⲡⲓⲥⲣⲁⲏⲗ ⲟⲩⲛⲓϣϯ ⲛ̀ⲙⲏϣ ⲡⲉ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉϥϫⲉⲙϫⲟⲙ ⲉϩⲟⲩⲉⲣⲟⲛ	pejef ǹpefgenos je is·hyppe p̀heθnos ǹǹṡyri ǹpisrayl ouniṡti ǹmyṡ pe ouoh efjemgom ehoueron	And he said to his nation, Behold, the race of the children of Israel is a great multitude, and is stronger than we:
1:10	ⲁⲙⲏⲉⲓⲛ ⲛⲧⲛⲙⲉⲉⲩⲉ ⲉⲩϩⲱⲃ ⲉϩⲟⲩⲛ ⲉⲣⲟⲟⲩ ⲙⲏⲡⲟⲧⲉ ⲛⲥⲉⲁϣⲁⲓ ⲛⲥϣⲱⲡⲉ ⲛⲧⲉⲟⲩⲡⲟⲗⲉⲙⲟⲥ ⲧⲱⲟⲩⲛ ⲉϩⲣⲁⲓ ⲉϫⲱⲛ ⲛⲥⲉϥⲓ ⲙⲛⲛⲉⲛϫⲁϫⲉ ⲛⲥⲉⲙⲓϣⲉ ⲛⲙⲙⲁⲛ ⲛⲥⲉⲃⲱⲕ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲙⲡⲕⲁϩ	ⲁ̀ⲙⲟⲩ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲙⲉⲩⲓ ⲉ̀ⲟⲩϩⲱⲃ ⲉ̀ϧⲟⲩⲛ ⲉ̀ⲣⲱⲟⲩ ⲙⲏⲡⲟⲧⲉ ⲛ̀ⲧⲟⲩⲁ̀ϣⲁⲓ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲥϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ ⲟⲩⲡⲟⲗⲉⲙⲟⲥ ⲧⲱⲟⲩⲛ ⲉϩⲣⲁⲓ ⲉ̀ϫⲱⲛ ⲛ̀ⲧⲟⲩϥⲁⲓ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲛⲉⲛϫⲁϫⲓ ⲛ̀ⲧⲟⲩⲙⲓϣⲉ ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲛ ⲛ̀ⲧⲟⲩⲃⲱⲕ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡ̀ⲕⲁϩⲓ	àmou ǹtetenmevi èouhōb èxoun èrōou mypote ǹtouàṡai ǹtesṡōpi ǹte oupolemos tōoun ehrai ègōn ǹtoufai nem nengaji ǹtoumiṡe neman ǹtouvōk èvol xen p̀kahi	come then, let us deal craftily with them, lest at any time they be increased, and whensoever war shall happen to us, these also shall be added to our enemies, and having prevailed against us in war, they will depart out of the land.
1:11	ⲁϥⲧⲁϩⲟ ⲉϩⲣⲁⲓ ⲉϫⲱⲟⲩ ⲛϩⲉⲛⲥⲁϩ ϩⲛⲛⲉϩⲃⲏⲩⲉ ϫⲉⲕⲁⲥ ⲉⲩⲉⲙⲟⲕϩⲟⲩ ϩⲣⲁⲓ ϩⲛⲛⲉϩⲃⲏⲩⲉ ⲁⲩⲕⲱⲧ ⲛϩⲛⲡⲟⲗⲉⲓⲥ ⲉⲩⲧⲁϫⲣⲏⲩ ⲙⲫⲁⲣⲁⲱ ⲡⲓⲑⲱ ⲙⲛϩⲣⲁⲙⲉⲥⲥⲏ ⲙⲛⲱⲛ ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲁⲓ ⲧⲉ ⲧⲡⲟⲗⲓⲥ ⲙⲡⲣⲏ	ⲁϥⲧⲁϩⲟ ⲉϩⲣⲁⲓ ⲉ̀ϫⲱⲟⲩ ⲛ̀ϩⲁⲛⲥⲁϩ ϧⲉⲛ ⲛ̀ϩ̀ⲃⲏⲟⲩⲓ̀ ϩⲓⲛⲁ ⲉⲩⲉ̀ⲙⲟⲕϩⲟⲩ ϩⲣⲁⲓ ϧⲉⲛ ⲛ̀ϩ̀ⲃⲏⲟⲩⲓ̀ ⲁⲩⲕⲱⲧ ⲛ̀ϩⲁⲛⲡⲟⲗⲓⲥ ⲉⲩⲧⲁϫⲣⲏⲟⲩⲧ ⲛ̀ⲫⲁⲣⲁⲱ̀ ⲡⲓⲑⲱ ⲛⲉⲙ ϩⲣⲁⲙⲉⲥⲥⲏ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲱⲛ ⲉ̀ⲧⲉ ⲑⲁⲓ ⲧⲉ ⲧ̀ⲡⲟⲗⲓⲥ ⲛ̀ⲡ̀ⲣⲏ	aftaho ehrai ègōou ǹhansah xen ǹh̀vyouì hina evèmok·hou hrai xen ǹh̀vyouì avkōt ǹhanpolis evtagryout ǹfaraṑ piθō nem hramessy nem ōn ète θai te t̀polis ǹp̀ry	And he set over them task-masters, who should afflict them in their works; and they built strong cities for Pharao, both Pitho, and Ramesses, and On, which is Heliopolis.
1:12	ⲕⲁⲧⲁⲑⲉ ⲇⲉ ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲑⲃⲃⲓⲟ ⲙⲙⲟⲟⲩ ⲧⲁⲓ ⲧⲉ ⲑⲉ ⲉⲛⲉⲩⲁϣⲁⲓ ⲛϩⲟⲩⲟ ⲉⲩϭⲙϭⲟⲙ ⲉⲙⲁⲧⲉ ⲉⲙⲁⲧⲉ ⲛⲣⲙⲛⲕⲏⲙⲉ ⲛⲇⲉ ⲛⲉⲩϫⲓⲃⲟⲧⲉ ⲡⲉ ⲉⲛϣⲏⲣⲉ ⲙⲡⲓ︤ⲏ︦ⲗ︥	ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲫ̀ⲣⲏϯ ⲇⲉ ⲉ̀ⲧⲉⲑⲃⲃⲓⲟ ⲙ̀ⲙⲱⲟⲩ ⲑⲁⲓ ⲧⲉ ⲫ̀ⲣⲏϯ ⲉ̀ⲛⲟⲩⲁ̀ϣⲁⲓ ⲛ̀ϩⲟⲩⲟ ⲉⲩϫⲉⲙϫⲟⲙ ⲉ̀ⲙⲁϣⲱ ⲉ̀ⲙⲁϣⲱ ⲛ̀ⲣⲉⲙⲛⲭⲏⲙⲓ ⲇⲉ ⲛⲁⲩϫⲓⲃⲟⲧⲉ ⲡⲉ ⲉ̀ⲛ̀ϣⲏⲣⲓ ⲛ̀ⲡⲓⲥⲣⲁⲏⲗ	kata f̀ryti ḋe èteθvvio m̀mōou θai te f̀ryti ènouàṡai ǹhouo evjemgom èmaṡō èmaṡō ǹremnkymi ḋe navjivote pe èǹṡyri ǹpisrayl	But as they humbled them, by so much they multiplied, and grew exceedingly strong; and the Egyptians greatly abhorred the children of Israel.
1:14	ⲁⲩⲱ ⲛⲉⲩⲙⲟⲩⲭϩ ⲙⲡⲉⲩⲱⲛϩ ϩⲣⲁⲓ ϩⲛⲛⲉϩⲃⲏⲩⲉ ⲉⲧⲛⲁϣⲧ ϩⲙⲡⲟⲙⲉ ⲙⲛⲧⲙⲛⲧⲡⲁⲡⲉ ⲧⲱⲃⲉ ⲙⲛⲛⲉϩⲃⲏⲩⲉ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ ⲛⲧⲥⲱϣⲉ ⲙⲛⲛⲕⲁ ⲛⲓⲙ ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲉⲓⲣⲉ ⲙⲙⲟⲟⲩ ⲛϩⲙϩⲁⲗ ⲛϩⲏⲧⲟⲩ ϩⲛⲟⲩϫⲓⲛϭⲟⲛⲥ	ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲁⲩⲙⲟⲩⲭϩ ⲛ̀ⲡⲟⲩⲱⲛϧ ϩⲣⲁⲓ ϧⲉⲛ ⲛ̀ϩ̀ⲃⲏⲟⲩⲓ̀ ⲉⲧⲛⲁϣⲧ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡ̀ⲟⲙⲓ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲧⲙⲛⲧⲡⲁⲡⲉ ⲧⲱⲃⲉ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲛ̀ϩ̀ⲃⲏⲟⲩⲓ̀ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ ⲛ̀ⲧ̀ⲥⲱϣⲉ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲉⲛⲭⲁⲓ ⲛⲓⲃⲉⲛ ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲓ̀ⲣⲓ ⲙ̀ⲙⲱⲟⲩ ⲛ̀ⲃⲱⲕ ⲛ̀ϧⲏⲧⲟⲩ ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩϭⲓⲛϫⲟⲛⲥ	ouoh navmouk·h ǹpouōnx hrai xen ǹh̀vyouì etnaṡt xen p̀omi nem tmntpape tōve nem ǹh̀vyouì tyrou ǹt̀sōṡe nem enkai niven etouìri m̀mōou ǹvōk ǹxytou xen ouċingons	And they embittered their life by hard labours, in the clay and in brick-making, and all the works in the plains, according to all the works, wherein they caused them to serve with violence.
1:15	ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲛϭⲓⲡⲣⲣⲟ ⲛⲕⲏⲙⲉ ⲛⲙⲙⲉⲥⲓⲟ ⲛⲛϩⲉⲃⲣⲁⲓⲟⲥ ⲡⲣⲁⲛ ⲛⲧⲟⲩⲉⲓ ⲙⲙⲟⲟⲩ ⲡⲉ ⲥⲉⲫⲫⲱⲣⲁ ⲁⲩⲱ ⲡⲣⲁⲛ ⲛⲧⲙⲉϩⲥⲛⲧⲉ ⲡⲉ ⲫⲟⲩⲁ	ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲛ̀ϫⲉ ⲡ̀ⲟⲩⲣⲟ ⲛ̀ⲭⲏⲙⲓ ⲛ̀ⲛ̀ⲙⲉⲥⲓⲟ ⲛ̀ⲛ̀ϩⲉⲃⲣⲁⲓⲟⲥ ⲫ̀ⲣⲁⲛ ⲛ̀ⲧⲟⲩⲉⲓ ⲙ̀ⲙⲱⲟⲩ ⲡ ⲥⲉⲫⲫⲱⲣⲁ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲫ̀ⲣⲁⲛ ⲛ̀ⲧ̀ⲙⲉϩⲥⲛⲧⲉ ⲡⲉ ⲡ̀ϩⲟⲩⲁ	pegaf ǹje p̀ouro ǹkymi ǹǹmesio ǹǹhebraios f̀ran ǹtouei m̀mōou p seffōra ouoh f̀ran ǹt̀mehsnte pe p̀houa	And the king of the Egyptians spoke to the midwives of the Hebrews; the name of the one was, Sepphora; and the name of the second, Phua.
1:16	ⲉϥϫⲱ ⲙⲙⲟⲥ ϫⲉⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛϣⲁⲛⲉⲓ ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲛⲁⲧⲙⲉⲥⲓⲟ ⲛⲛϩⲉⲃⲣⲁⲓⲁ ⲉⲩⲉⲓ ⲉⲩⲛⲁⲙⲓⲥⲉ ⲉϣⲱⲡⲉ ⲙⲉⲛ ⲟⲩϩⲟⲟⲩⲧ ⲡⲉ ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲉⲙⲟⲟⲩⲧϥ ⲉϣⲱⲡⲉ ⲇⲉ ⲟⲩⲥϩⲓⲙⲉ ⲧⲉ ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲉⲧⲁⲛϩⲟⲥ	ⲉϥϫⲱ ⲙ̀ⲙⲟⲥ ϫⲉ ⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲁⲛⲓ ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁ ⲧ̀ⲙⲉⲥⲓⲟ ⲛ̀ⲛ̀ϩⲉⲃⲣⲁⲓⲁ ⲉⲩⲓ ⲉⲩⲛⲁⲙⲓⲥⲓ ⲉϣⲱⲡ ⲙⲉⲛ ⲟⲩϩⲱⲟⲩⲧ ⲡⲉ ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲉⲙⲟⲟⲩⲧϥ ⲉϣⲱⲡ ⲇⲉ ⲟⲩⲥ̀ϩⲓⲙⲓ ⲧⲉ ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲛⲉⲧⲁⲛϧⲟⲥ	efgō m̀mos je atetenṡani etetenna t̀mesio ǹǹhebraia evi evnamisi eṡōp men ouhōout pe etetnemooutf eṡōp ḋe ous̀·himi te etetnetanxos	And he said, When ye do the office of midwives to the Hebrew women, and they are about to be delivered, if it be a male, kill it; but if a female, save it.
1:17	ⲁⲛⲙⲉⲥⲓⲟ ⲇⲉ ⲣϩⲟⲧⲉ ϩⲏⲧϥ ⲙⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲙⲡⲟⲩⲉⲓⲣⲉ ⲕⲁⲧⲁⲑⲉ ⲉⲛⲧⲁϥϩⲱⲛ ⲉⲧⲟⲟⲧⲟⲩ ⲛϭⲓⲡⲣⲣⲟ ⲛⲕⲏⲙⲉ ⲁⲩⲧⲁⲛϩⲟ ⲛⲛϩⲟⲟⲩⲧ	ⲁⲛ̀ⲙⲉⲥⲓⲟ ⲇⲉ ⲉⲣϩⲟϯ ϩⲏⲧϥ ⲛ̀ⲫ̀ⲛⲟⲩϯ ⲛ̀ⲡ̀ⲟⲩⲉⲓⲣⲉ ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲫ̀ⲣⲏϯ ⲉⲧⲁϥϩⲱⲛ ⲉ̀ⲧⲟⲧⲟⲩ ⲛ̀ϫⲉ ⲡ̀ⲟⲩⲣⲟ ⲛ̀ⲭⲏⲙⲓ ⲁⲩⲧⲁⲛϧⲟ ⲛ̀ⲛ̀ϩⲱⲟⲩⲧ	aǹmesio ḋe erhoti hytf ǹf̀nouti ǹp̀oueire kata f̀ryti etafhōn ètotou ǹje p̀ouro ǹkymi avtanxo ǹǹhōout	But the midwives feared God, and did not as the king of Egypt appointed them; and they saved the male children alive.
1:18	ⲁϥⲙⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲛϭⲓⲡⲣⲣⲟ ⲛⲕⲏⲙⲉ ⲉⲛⲙⲉⲥⲓⲟ ⲛⲛϩⲉⲃⲣⲁⲓⲟⲥ ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲛⲁⲩ ϫⲉⲉⲧⲃⲉⲟⲩ ⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛⲉⲓⲣⲉ ⲙⲡⲉⲓϩⲱⲃ ⲁⲧⲉⲧⲛⲧⲁⲛϩⲟ ⲛⲛϩⲟⲟⲩⲧ	ⲁϥⲙⲟⲩϯ ⲛ̀ϫⲉ ⲡ̀ⲟⲩⲣⲟ ⲛ̀ⲭⲏⲙⲓ ⲉ̀ⲛ̀ⲙⲉⲥⲓⲟ ⲛ̀ⲛ̀ϩⲉⲃⲣⲁⲓⲟⲥ ⲡⲉϫⲁϥ ⲛⲱⲟⲩ ϫⲉ ⲉⲑⲃⲉ ⲟⲩ ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲓ̀ⲣⲓ ⲛ̀ⲡⲁⲓϩⲱⲃ ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲧⲁⲛϧⲟ ⲛ̀ⲛ̀ϩⲱⲟⲩⲧ	afmouti ǹje p̀ouro ǹkymi èǹmesio ǹǹhebraios pegaf nōou je eθve ou aretenìri ǹpaihōb aretentanxo ǹǹhōout	And the king of Egypt called the midwives, and said to them, Why is it that ye have done this thing, and saved the male children alive?
1:19	ⲡⲉϫⲁⲩ ⲛⲇⲉ ⲛϭⲓⲙⲙⲉⲥⲓⲟ ⲙⲫⲁⲣⲁⲱ ϫⲉⲛⲉⲣⲉⲛϩⲉⲃⲣⲁⲓⲁ ⲟ ⲁⲛ ⲛⲑⲉ ⲛⲛⲉϩⲓⲟⲙⲉ ⲛⲕⲏⲙⲉ ⲉϣⲁⲩⲙⲓⲥⲉ ϣⲁⲩⲙⲓⲥⲉ ⲛⲅⲁⲣ ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲃⲱⲕ ⲉϩⲟⲩⲛ ϣⲁⲣⲟⲟⲩ ⲛϭⲓⲙⲙⲉⲥⲓⲟ ⲁⲩⲱ ⲛⲉⲩⲙⲓⲥⲉ	ⲡⲉϫⲁⲩ ⲇⲉ ⲛ̀ϫⲉ ⲛ̀ⲙⲉⲥⲓⲟ ⲛ̀ⲫⲁⲣⲁⲱ̀ ϫⲉ ⲛⲁⲣⲉ ⲛ̀ϩⲉⲃⲣⲁⲓⲁ ⲟⲓ ⲁⲛ ⲛ̀ⲫ̀ⲣⲏϯ ⲛ̀ⲛ̀ϩⲓⲟⲙⲓ ⲛ̀ⲭⲏⲙⲓ ⲉϣⲁⲩⲙⲓⲥⲓ ϣⲁⲩⲙⲓⲥⲓ ⲛ̀ⲅⲁⲣ ⲙ̀ⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲃⲱⲕ ⲉ̀ϧⲟⲩⲛ ϩⲁⲣⲟⲟⲩ ⲛ̀ϫⲉ ⲛ̀ⲙⲉⲥⲓⲟ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲁⲩⲙⲓⲥⲓ	pegav ḋe ǹje ǹmesio ǹfaraṑ je nare ǹhebraia oi an ǹf̀ryti ǹǹhiomi ǹkymi eṡavmisi ṡavmisi ǹġar m̀patouvōk èxoun haroou ǹje ǹmesio ouoh navmisi	And the midwives said to Pharao, The Hebrew women are not as the women of Egypt, for they are delivered before the midwives go in to them. So they bore children.
1:20	ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲛⲇⲉ ⲁϥⲣⲡⲡⲉⲧⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϥ ⲛⲙⲙⲉⲥⲓⲟ ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁⲡⲗⲁⲟⲥ ⲁϣⲁⲉⲓ ⲁϥϭⲙϭⲟⲙ ⲉⲙⲁⲧⲉ	ⲫ̀ⲛⲟⲩϯ ⲇⲉ ⲁϥⲉⲣⲡ̀ⲡⲉⲧⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϥ ⲛ̀ⲛ̀ⲙⲉⲥⲓⲟ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁ ⲡⲓⲗⲁⲟⲥ ⲁ̀ϣⲁⲓ ⲁϥϫⲉⲙϫⲟⲙ ⲉ̀ⲙⲁϣⲱ	f̀nouti ḋe aferp̀petnanouf ǹǹmesio ouoh a pilaos àṡai afjemgom èmaṡō	And God did well to the midwives, and the people multiplied, and grew very strong.
1:21	ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲛⲇⲉ ϫⲉⲁⲙⲙⲉⲥⲓⲟ ⲣϩⲟⲧⲉ ϩⲏⲧϥ ⲙⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲁⲩⲧⲁⲙⲓⲟ ⲛⲁⲩ ⲛϩⲛⲏⲉⲓ	ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ ⲇⲉ ϫⲉ ⲁⲛ̀ⲙⲉⲥⲓⲟ ⲉⲣϩⲟϯ ϩⲏⲧϥ ⲛ̀ⲫ̀ⲛⲟⲩϯ ⲁⲩⲑⲁⲙⲓⲟ ⲛⲱⲟⲩ ⲛ̀ϩⲛⲏⲉⲓ	èvol ḋe je aǹmesio erhoti hytf ǹf̀nouti avθamio nōou ǹhnyei	And as the midwives feared God, they established for themselves families.
1:22	ⲁⲫⲁⲣⲁⲱ ⲛⲇⲉ ϩⲱⲛ ⲉⲧⲟⲟⲧϥ ⲙⲡⲉϥⲗⲁⲟⲥ ⲧⲏⲣϥ ⲉϥϫⲱ ⲙⲙⲟⲥ ϫⲉϩⲟⲟⲩⲧ ⲛⲓⲙ ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲛⲁϫⲡⲟⲟⲩ ⲛϩⲉⲃⲣⲁⲓⲟⲥ ⲛⲟϫⲟⲩ ⲉⲡⲙⲟⲟⲩ ⲥϩⲓⲙⲉ ⲛⲇⲉ ⲛⲓⲙ ⲙⲁⲧⲁⲛϩⲟⲟⲩ	ⲁⲫⲁⲣⲁⲱ̀ ⲇⲉ ϩⲱⲛ ⲉⲧⲟⲧϥ ⲛ̀ⲡⲉϥⲗⲁⲟⲥ ⲧⲏⲣϥ ⲉϥϫⲱ ⲙ̀ⲙⲟⲥ ϫⲉ ⲉ̀ϩⲟⲟⲩⲧ ⲛⲓⲃⲉⲛ ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲛⲁϫⲫⲟⲟⲩ ⲛ̀ϩⲉⲃⲣⲁⲓⲟⲥ ⲛⲟϫⲟⲩ ⲉ̀ⲫ̀ⲙⲟⲩ ⲥϩⲓⲙⲓ ⲇⲉ ⲛⲓⲃⲉⲛ ⲙⲁⲧⲁⲛⲉ̀ϩⲟⲟⲩ	afaraṑ ḋe hōn etotf ǹpeflaos tyrf efgō m̀mos je èhoout niven etounagfoou ǹhebraios nogou èf̀mou s·himi ḋe niven matanèhoou	And Pharao charged all his people, saying, Whatever male child shall be born to the Hebrews, cast into the river; and every female, save it alive.

Provenance

title: Exodus 1
dialect: sahidic
source: Coptic SCRIPTORIUM corpus "sahidic.ot", document 02_Exodus_01
licence: CC-BY-SA 4.0
share: attribution
attribution: Exodus 1 from Coptic SCRIPTORIUM (https://copticscriptorium.org), corpus sahidic.ot, document 02_Exodus_01, version 6.1.0 (2025-06-30), annotations by Frank Feder, So Miyagawa, Elizabeth Platte, Caroline T. Schroeder, Amir Zeldes; source edition Crosswire, CoptOT. Licensed CC BY-SA 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/); this derivative is released under the same licence. CoptOT / Göttingen Digital Edition of the Coptic Old Testament, via Crosswire; English translation Brenton 1851 (ebible.org). Layers L1/L2 are modified: re-spelled (Cairene) / transliterated (Kemetic) by the Kemetic project, Yousef Hanna 2026.
annotation: segmentation automatic · tagging automatic · parsing automatic (SCRIPTORIUM meta.json; document version 6.1.0, 2025-06-30)
file: Bible/Old Testament/Exodus/01.sahidic.scriptorium.L0.txt
title: Exodus 1 — Cairene
dialect: bohairic
source: generated from 01.sahidic.scriptorium.L0.txt (Coptic SCRIPTORIUM corpus "sahidic.ot", document 02_Exodus_01)
licence: CC BY-SA 4.0
share: attribution
attribution: Exodus 1 from Coptic SCRIPTORIUM (https://copticscriptorium.org), corpus sahidic.ot, document 02_Exodus_01, version 6.1.0 (2025-06-30), annotations by Frank Feder, So Miyagawa, Elizabeth Platte, Caroline T. Schroeder, Amir Zeldes; source edition Crosswire, CoptOT. Licensed CC BY-SA 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/); this derivative is released under the same licence. CoptOT / Göttingen Digital Edition of the Coptic Old Testament, via Crosswire; English translation Brenton 1851 (ebible.org). Layers L1/L2 are modified: re-spelled (Cairene) / transliterated (Kemetic) by the Kemetic project, Yousef Hanna 2026.
annotation: segmentation automatic · tagging automatic · parsing automatic (SCRIPTORIUM meta.json; document version 6.1.0, 2025-06-30)
generated by: tools/sahidic_to_cairene.py (route D, C3a 2026-09-24; tier b, ROUTE-2 2026-09-26) then tools/cairene.py from_witness dialect=bohairic on the intermediate (L1 = Cairene(N_B(D(N_S(L0)))), RI-038; word division church); Sahidic N stage counts: abbrev=4 aspirate_boundary_resolved=1 lexeme_L1-S-3=6 lexeme_open=1 stroke_unified=12 th_resolved=4 tokens=267
file: Bible/Old Testament/Exodus/01.sahidic.scriptorium.L1.txt
title: Exodus 1 — Kemetic
dialect: bohairic
source: generated from 01.sahidic.scriptorium.L1.txt
licence: CC BY-SA 4.0
share: attribution
attribution: Exodus 1 from Coptic SCRIPTORIUM (https://copticscriptorium.org), corpus sahidic.ot, document 02_Exodus_01, version 6.1.0 (2025-06-30), annotations by Frank Feder, So Miyagawa, Elizabeth Platte, Caroline T. Schroeder, Amir Zeldes; source edition Crosswire, CoptOT. Licensed CC BY-SA 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/); this derivative is released under the same licence. CoptOT / Göttingen Digital Edition of the Coptic Old Testament, via Crosswire; English translation Brenton 1851 (ebible.org). Layers L1/L2 are modified: re-spelled (Cairene) / transliterated (Kemetic) by the Kemetic project, Yousef Hanna 2026.
annotation: segmentation automatic · tagging automatic · parsing automatic (SCRIPTORIUM meta.json; document version 6.1.0, 2025-06-30)
generated by: tools/coptic_to_kemetic.py convert() on the L1 text (letter rules of DECISIONS.md 2026-09-08)
file: Bible/Old Testament/Exodus/01.sahidic.scriptorium.L2.txt
what it is: DRAFT English. Not a published translation: `existing` rows quote an aligned translation named in `basis`; `llm` rows are a language-model best guess from the dictionary gloss and context (Yousef asked for them, 2026-09-27; to be corrected later); check the source text before relying on any of it.
lines: 21 quoted · 0 quoted with the alignment not cross-checked · 0 model drafts (marked “draft”)
quoted from: Brenton's Septuagint (1851) — aligned in Coptic SCRIPTORIUM sahidic.ot, 02_Exodus_01 (21 lines)

Cite as:

Exodus 1. Coptic SCRIPTORIUM corpus "sahidic.ot", document 02_Exodus_01. Layers as published by the Kemetic project (Yousef Hanna), 2026: Coptic · Cairene · Kemetic, /doc/bible/old-testament/exodus/01.sahidic.scriptorium/. Exodus 1 from Coptic SCRIPTORIUM (https://copticscriptorium.org), corpus sahidic.ot, document 02_Exodus_01, version 6.1.0 (2025-06-30), annotations by Frank Feder, So Miyagawa, Elizabeth Platte, Caroline T. Schroeder, Amir Zeldes; source edition Crosswire, CoptOT. Licensed CC BY-SA 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/); this derivative is released under the same licence. CoptOT / Göttingen Digital Edition of the Coptic Old Testament, via Crosswire; English translation Brenton 1851 (ebible.org). Layers L1/L2 are modified: re-spelled (Cairene) / transliterated (Kemetic) by the Kemetic project, Yousef Hanna 2026.

What the layers are

L0 witness
The text as its witness or edition has it, original spelling; its dialect is a description and is never standardized.

L0.5 transliteration
For Egyptian texts: the transliteration with the editors' marks turned into the symbols ° * < > _ ^ (ruled 2026-09-10). For papyri: the edition's Leiden marks as the same symbols, and the editors' readings beside the scribe's as ‹scribe→editors› (ruled PAP-3).

L1 Cairene
Standardized Greco-Bohairic spelling and grammar, generated by code from the layer above under the rulings of the project.

L2 Kemetic
The Kemetic alphabet, generated by code from L1.

English
Quoted translations where they exist, credited; otherwise model drafts, marked as drafts.