Hosea 10 — Coptic · Cairene

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Source: Coptic SCRIPTORIUM corpus "sahidic.ot", document 28_Hosea_10

Attribution: Hosea 10 from Coptic SCRIPTORIUM (https://copticscriptorium.org), corpus sahidic.ot, document 28_Hosea_10, version 6.1.0 (2025-06-30), annotations by Frank Feder, So Miyagawa, Elizabeth Platte, Caroline T. Schroeder, Amir Zeldes; source edition Crosswire, CoptOT. Licensed CC BY-SA 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/); this derivative is released under the same licence. CoptOT / Göttingen Digital Edition of the Coptic Old Testament, via Crosswire; English translation Brenton 1851 (ebible.org). Layers L1/L2 are modified: re-spelled (Cairene) / transliterated (Kemetic) by the Kemetic project, Yousef Hanna 2026.

Licence: CC-BY-SA 4.0

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0

Full provenance and citation

The text

14 lines · a line number is a link to itself

English: quoted translations are shown as they are, with their credit in the provenance; lines marked draft are language-model drafts made for this project (to be corrected), and alignment unchecked marks a quoted verse whose placement was not cross-checked. Check the Coptic before relying on any English line.

ref	L0 witness	L1 Cairene	L2 Kemetic	English
10:1	[...]	[...]	[...]
10:2	ⲁⲩⲡⲱϣ ⲛ̄ⲛⲉⲩϩⲏⲧ ⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩ ⲥⲉⲛⲁⲧⲁⲕⲟ ⲛ̄ⲧⲟϥ ϥⲛⲁϣ︤ⲣ︥ϣ︤ⲣ︥ⲛⲉⲩⲑⲩⲥⲓⲁⲥⲧⲏⲣⲓⲟⲛ ⲁⲩⲱ ⲛⲉⲩⲥⲧⲏⲗⲏ ⲥⲉⲛⲁⲑ︤ⲃ︥ⲃⲓⲟ	ⲁⲩⲫⲱϣ ⲛ̀ⲛⲟⲩϩⲏⲧ ϯⲛⲟⲩ ⲥⲉⲛⲁⲧⲁⲕⲟ ⲛ̀ⲑⲟϥ ϥ̀ⲛⲁϣ̀ⲣϣⲣⲛⲉⲩⲑⲩⲥⲓⲁⲥⲧⲏⲣⲓⲟⲛ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲟⲩⲥⲧⲏⲗⲏ ⲥⲉⲛⲁⲑⲉⲃⲓⲟ	avfōṡ ǹnouhyt tinou senatako ǹθof f̀naṡ̀rṡrnevθisiastyrion ouoh noustyly senaθevio	They have divided their hearts; now shall they be utterly destroyed: he shall dig down their altars, their pillars shall mourn.
10:3	ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ϫⲉⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩ ⲥⲉⲛⲁϫⲟⲟⲥ ϫⲉⲙ︤ⲛ︥ⲣ̄ⲣⲟ ϣⲟⲟⲡ ⲛⲁⲛ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ϫⲉⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲛⲉⲣ̄ϩⲟⲧⲉ ϩⲏⲧ︤ϥ︥ ⲙ̄ⲡϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ ⲡⲣ̄ⲣⲟ ⲇⲉ ⲟⲩ ⲡⲉⲧⲛⲁⲁϥ ⲛⲁⲛ	ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ ϫⲉ ϯⲛⲟⲩ ⲥⲉⲛⲁϫⲟⲥ ϫⲉ ⲙ̀ⲙⲟⲛ ⲟⲩⲣⲟ ϣⲟⲡ ⲛⲁⲛ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ ϫⲉⲙⲡⲉⲛⲉⲣ̀ϩⲟⲧⲉ ϩⲏⲧϥ ⲛ̀ⲡ̀ϭⲟⲓⲥ ⲡ̀ⲟⲩⲣⲟ ⲇⲉ ⲟⲩ ⲡⲉⲧⲛⲁⲁϥ ⲛⲁⲛ	èvol je tinou senagos je m̀mon ouro ṡop nan èvol jempener̀hote hytf ǹp̀ċois p̀ouro ḋe ou petnaaf nan	Because now they shall say, We have no king, because we feared not the Lord:
10:4	ⲉⲓⲙⲏⲧⲉⲓ ⲛ︤ϥ︥ϫⲱ ⲛ̄ϩⲉⲛϣⲁϫⲉ ⲛ̄ⲗⲟⲓϭⲉ ⲛ̄ϭⲟⲗ ϥⲛⲁⲥⲙⲓⲛⲉ ⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲇⲓⲁⲑⲏⲕⲉ ⲁⲩⲱ ⲛ̄ⲑⲉ ⲛ̄ⲟⲩⲛⲧⲏϭ ⲉϥϩ︤ⲛ︥ⲟⲩⲥⲱϣⲉ ⲉⲥⲕⲏ ⲉⲡϣⲱⲛ ⲧⲁⲓ̈ ⲧⲉ ⲑⲉ ⲉⲧⲉϥⲛⲁϯⲟⲩⲱ ⲛ̄ϭⲓⲡϩⲁⲡ	ⲉⲓⲙⲏⲧⲓ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉϥϫⲱ ⲛ̀ϩⲁⲛⲥⲁϫⲓ ⲛ̀ⲗⲱⲓϫⲓ ⲛ̀ϭⲟⲗ ϥ̀ⲛⲁⲥⲙⲓⲛⲉ ⲛ̀ⲟⲩⲇⲓⲁⲑⲏⲕⲉ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛ̀ⲫ̀ⲣⲏϯ ⲛ̀ⲟⲩⲛ̀ⲧⲏϭ ⲉϥ ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲥⲱϣⲉ ⲉⲥⲭⲏ ⲉ̀ⲡ̀ϣⲱⲛ ⲑⲁⲓ ⲧⲉ ⲫ̀ⲣⲏϯ ⲉ̀ⲧⲉϥⲛⲁϯⲟⲩⲱ ⲛ̀ϫⲉ ⲡ̀ϩⲁⲡ	eimyti ǹtefgō ǹhansaji ǹlōiji ǹċol f̀nasmine ǹouḋiaθyke ouoh ǹf̀ryti ǹouǹtyċ ef xen ousōṡe esky èp̀ṡōn θai te f̀ryti ètefnatiouō ǹje p̀hap	and what should a king do for us, speaking false professions as his words? he will make a covenant: judgment shall spring up as a weed on the soil of the field.
10:5	ⲉϫ︤ⲙ︥ⲡⲙⲁⲥⲉ ⲙ̄ⲡⲏⲓ ⲛ̄ⲱⲛ ⲥⲉⲛⲁⲣ̄ⲣ︤ⲙ︥ⲛ̄ϭⲟⲓⲗⲉ ⲛ̄ϭⲓⲛⲉⲧⲟⲩⲏϩ ϩ︤ⲛ︥ⲧⲥⲁⲙⲁⲣⲓⲁ ϫⲉⲁⲡⲉϥⲗⲁⲟⲥ ⲣ̄ϩⲏⲃⲉ ⲉϩⲣⲁⲓ̈ ⲉϫⲱϥ ⲁⲩⲱ ⲕⲁⲧⲁⲑⲉ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲩϯⲛⲟⲩϭⲥ ⲛⲁϥ ⲥⲉⲛⲁⲣⲁϣⲉ ⲉϩⲣⲁⲓ̈ ⲉϫⲙⲡϥⲉⲟⲟⲩ ϫⲉⲁⲩⲡⲟⲟⲛ︤ϥ︥ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲙ̄ⲙⲟϥ	ⲉ̀ϫⲉⲛ ⲡ̀ⲙⲁⲥⲓ ⲛ̀ⲡⲏⲓ ⲛ̀ⲱⲛ ⲥⲉⲛⲁⲣ̀ⲣⲙⲛϭⲟⲓⲗⲉ ⲛ̀ϫⲉ ⲛⲉⲧⲟⲩⲏϩ ϧⲉⲛ ⲧ̀ⲥⲁⲙⲁⲣⲓⲁ ϫⲉ ⲁⲡⲉϥⲗⲁⲟⲥ ⲉⲣϩⲏⲃⲓ ⲉϩⲣⲁⲓ ⲉ̀ϫⲱϥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲫ̀ⲣⲏϯ ⲉⲧⲁⲩϯⲛⲟⲩϭⲥ ⲛⲁϥ ⲥⲉⲛⲁⲣⲁϣⲓ ⲉϩⲣⲁⲓ ⲉ̀ϫⲉⲛ ⲡⲉϥⲱⲟⲩ ϫⲉ ⲁⲩⲡⲟⲟⲉⲛϥ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ ⲙ̀ⲙⲟϥ	èjen p̀masi ǹpyi ǹōn senar̀rmnċoile ǹje netouyh xen t̀samaria je apeflaos erhyvi ehrai ègōf ouoh kata f̀ryti etavtinouċs naf senaraṡi ehrai èjen pefōou je avpooenf èvol m̀mof	The inhabitants of Samaria shall dwell near the calf of the house of On; for the people of it mourned for it: and as they provoked him, they shall rejoice at his glory, because he has departed from them.
10:6	ⲁⲩⲱ ⲛ̄ⲧⲟϥ ⲛ̄ⲧⲉⲣⲟⲩⲥⲟⲛϩ︤ϥ︥ ⲁⲩϫⲓⲧ︤ϥ︥ ⲉⲛ̄ⲁⲥⲥⲏⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲛ̄ⲧⲁⲓⲟ ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲣⲟ ⲓⲁⲣⲓⲙ ⲉⲫⲣⲁⲓⲙ ⲛⲁϫⲓⲧ︤ϥ︥ ϩ︤ⲛ︥ⲟⲩⲧⲁⲓⲟ ⲡⲓ︤ⲏ︦ⲗ︥ ⲛⲁϫⲓ ϣⲓⲡⲉ ϩ︤ⲙ︥ⲡⲉϥϣⲟϫⲛⲉ	ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛ̀ⲑⲟϥ ⲉ̀ⲧⲁⲩⲥⲟⲛϩϥ ⲁⲩϭⲓⲧϥ ⲉ̀ⲛⲁⲥⲥⲏⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲛ̀ⲧⲁⲓⲟ ⲛ̀ⲡ̀ⲟⲩⲣⲟ ⲓⲁⲣⲓⲙ ⲉⲫⲣⲉⲙ ⲛⲁϭⲓⲧϥ ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲧⲁⲓⲟ ⲡⲓⲥⲣⲁⲏⲗ ⲛⲁϭⲓ ϣⲓⲡⲉ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲉϥⲥⲟϭⲛⲓ	ouoh ǹθof ètavsonhf avċitf ènassyrios ǹtaio ǹp̀ouro iarim efrem naċitf xen outaio pisrayl naċi ṡipe xen pefsoċni	And having bound it for the Assyrians, they carried it away as presents to king Jarim: Ephraim shall receive a gift, and Israel shall be ashamed of his counsel.
10:7	ⲁⲧⲥⲁⲙⲁⲣⲓⲁ ⲛⲟⲩϫⲉ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲙ̄ⲡⲉⲥⲣ̄ⲣⲟ ⲛ̄ⲑⲉ ⲛ̄ⲟⲩϭⲗ︤ⲙ︥ ⲉϥϩⲓϩⲣⲁϥ ⲙ̄ⲡⲙⲟⲟⲩ	ⲁⲧ̀ⲥⲁⲙⲁⲣⲓⲁ ⲛⲟⲩϫⲉ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ ⲛ̀ⲡⲉⲥⲟⲩⲣⲟ ⲛ̀ⲫ̀ⲣⲏϯ ⲛ̀ⲟⲩϭⲗ̀ⲙ ⲉϥϩⲓϩⲣⲁϥ ⲛ̀ⲫ̀ⲙⲟⲩ	at̀samaria nouje èvol ǹpesouro ǹf̀ryti ǹouċl̀m efhihraf ǹf̀mou	Samaria has cast off her king as a twig on the surface of the water.
10:8	ⲁⲩⲱ ⲥⲉⲛⲁϥⲓ ⲙ̄ⲙⲁⲩ ⲛ̄ⲛ̄ϣⲏⲩⲉ ⲙ̄ⲡϫⲓⲛϭⲟⲛ︤ⲥ︥ ⲛⲉⲛⲛⲟⲃⲉ ⲙ̄ⲡⲓ︤ⲏ︦ⲗ︥ ⲟⲩⲛϩⲉⲛϣⲟⲛⲧⲉ ⲙ︤ⲛ︥ϩⲉⲛⲁⲣⲟⲟⲩⲉ ⲛⲏⲩ ⲉϩⲣⲁⲓ̈ ⲉϫⲛⲛⲉⲩⲑⲩⲥⲓⲁⲥⲧⲏⲣⲓⲟⲛ ⲁⲩⲱ ⲥⲉⲛⲁϫⲟⲟⲥ ⲉⲛⲛⲧⲟⲩⲓⲏ ϫⲉϩⲟⲃⲥⲛ ⲁⲩⲱ ⲛ̄ⲃⲟⲩⲛⲟⲥ ϫⲉϩⲉ ⲉϩⲣⲁⲓ̈ ⲉϫⲱⲛ	ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲥⲉⲛⲁϥⲁⲓ ⲙ̀ⲙⲁⲩ ⲛ̀ⲛ̀ϣⲏⲟⲩⲓ ⲛ̀ⲡ̀ϭⲓⲛϫⲟⲛⲥ ⲛⲉⲛⲛⲟⲃⲓ ⲛ̀ⲡⲓⲥⲣⲁⲏⲗ ⲟⲩⲟⲛ ϩⲁⲛϣⲟⲛⲧⲉ ⲛⲉⲙ ϩⲁⲛⲁⲣⲟⲟⲩⲉ ⲛⲏⲟⲩ ⲉϩⲣⲁⲓ ⲉ̀ϫⲉⲛ ⲛⲟⲩⲑⲩⲥⲓⲁⲥⲧⲏⲣⲓⲟⲛ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲥⲉⲛⲁϫⲟⲥ ⲛ̀ⲛ̀ⲧⲟⲩⲓⲏ ϫⲉ ϩⲟⲃⲥⲛ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛ̀ⲃⲟⲩⲛⲟⲥ ϫⲉ ϩⲉⲓ ⲉϩⲣⲁⲓ ⲉ̀ϫⲱⲛ	ouoh senafai m̀mav ǹǹṡyoui ǹp̀ċingons nennovi ǹpisrayl ouon hanṡonte nem hanarooue nyou ehrai èjen nouθisiastyrion ouoh senagos ǹǹtouiy je hovsn ouoh ǹbounos je hei ehrai ègōn	And the altars of On, the sins of Israel, shall be taken away: thorns and thistles shall come up on their altars; and they shall say to the mountains, Cover us; and to the hills, Fall on us.
10:9	ϫⲓⲛⲧⲁⲛⲃⲟⲩⲛⲟⲥ ⲁϩⲉⲣⲁⲧⲟⲩ ϩ︤ⲙ︥ⲡⲙⲁ ⲉⲧ︤ⲙ︥ⲙⲁⲩ ⲁⲡⲓ︤ⲏ︦ⲗ︥ ⲣ̄ⲛⲟⲃⲉ ⲛ︤ϥ︥ⲛⲁⲧⲁϩⲟⲟⲩ ⲁⲛ ϩ︤ⲙ︥ⲡⲃⲟⲩⲛⲟⲥ ⲟⲩⲛⲟⲩⲡⲟⲗⲉⲙⲟⲥ ϩⲓϫ︤ⲛ︥ⲛ̄ϣⲏⲣⲉ ⲙ̄ⲡϫⲓⲛϭⲟⲛ︤ⲥ︥	ϭⲓⲉⲧⲁⲛ̀ⲃⲟⲩⲛⲟⲥ ⲁϩⲉⲣⲁⲧⲟⲩ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡ̀ⲙⲁ ⲉ̀ⲧⲉ ⲙ̀ⲙⲁⲩ ⲁ ⲡⲓⲥⲣⲁⲏⲗ ⲉⲣⲛⲟⲃⲓ ⲛ̀ϥⲛⲁⲧⲁϩⲟⲟⲩ ⲁⲛ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡ̀ⲃⲟⲩⲛⲟⲥ ⲟⲩⲟⲛⲟⲩⲡⲟⲗⲉⲙⲟⲥ ϩⲓϫⲉⲛ ⲛ̀ϣⲏⲣⲓ ⲛ̀ⲡ̀ϭⲓⲛϫⲟⲛⲥ	ċietaǹvounos aheratou xen p̀ma ète m̀mav a pisrayl ernovi ǹfnatahoou an xen p̀bounos ouonoupolemos hijen ǹṡyri ǹp̀ċingons	From the time the hills existed Israel has sinned: there they stood: war waged against the children of iniquity
10:10	ϩ︤ⲙ︥ⲡⲧⲣⲉⲩϫⲓⲛϭⲟⲛ︤ⲥ︥ ⲁⲩⲱ ϯⲛⲁϯⲥⲃⲱ ⲛⲁⲩ ⲟⲩⲛϩⲉⲛⲗⲁⲟⲥ ⲛⲁⲥⲱⲟⲩϩ ⲉϩⲟⲩⲛ ⲉⲣⲟⲟⲩ ϩ︤ⲙ︥ⲡⲧⲣⲉⲩϯⲥⲃⲱ ⲛⲁⲩ ϩ︤ⲙ︥ⲡⲉⲩϫⲓⲛϭⲟⲛ︤ⲥ︥ ⲥⲛⲁⲩ	ϧⲉⲛ ⲡ̀ⲑⲣⲉⲩϫⲓⲛϭⲟⲛ̀ⲥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ϯⲛⲁϯⲥⲃⲱ ⲛⲱⲟⲩ ⲟⲩⲟⲛ ϩⲁⲛⲗⲁⲟⲥ ⲛⲁⲥⲱⲟⲩϩ ⲉ̀ϧⲟⲩⲛ ⲉ̀ⲣⲱⲟⲩ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡ̀ⲑⲣⲉⲩϯⲥⲃⲱ ⲛⲱⲟⲩ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲟⲩϭⲓⲛϫⲟⲛⲥ ⲥ̀ⲛⲁⲩ	xen p̀θrevjinċoǹs ouoh tinatisvō nōou ouon hanlaos nasōouh èxoun èrōou xen p̀θrevtisvō nōou xen pouċingons s̀nav	to chastise them shall not overtake them on the hill, the nations shall be gathered against them, when they are chastened for their two sins,
10:11	[...]	[...]	[...]
10:12	[...]	[...]	[...]
10:13	[...]	[...]	[...]
10:14	[...]	[...]	[...]

Provenance

title: Hosea 10
dialect: sahidic
source: Coptic SCRIPTORIUM corpus "sahidic.ot", document 28_Hosea_10
licence: CC-BY-SA 4.0
share: attribution
attribution: Hosea 10 from Coptic SCRIPTORIUM (https://copticscriptorium.org), corpus sahidic.ot, document 28_Hosea_10, version 6.1.0 (2025-06-30), annotations by Frank Feder, So Miyagawa, Elizabeth Platte, Caroline T. Schroeder, Amir Zeldes; source edition Crosswire, CoptOT. Licensed CC BY-SA 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/); this derivative is released under the same licence. CoptOT / Göttingen Digital Edition of the Coptic Old Testament, via Crosswire; English translation Brenton 1851 (ebible.org). Layers L1/L2 are modified: re-spelled (Cairene) / transliterated (Kemetic) by the Kemetic project, Yousef Hanna 2026.
annotation: segmentation automatic · tagging automatic · parsing automatic (SCRIPTORIUM meta.json; document version 6.1.0, 2025-06-30)
file: Bible/Old Testament/Hosea/10.sahidic.scriptorium.L0.txt
title: Hosea 10 — Cairene
dialect: bohairic
source: generated from 10.sahidic.scriptorium.L0.txt (Coptic SCRIPTORIUM corpus "sahidic.ot", document 28_Hosea_10)
licence: CC BY-SA 4.0
share: attribution
attribution: Hosea 10 from Coptic SCRIPTORIUM (https://copticscriptorium.org), corpus sahidic.ot, document 28_Hosea_10, version 6.1.0 (2025-06-30), annotations by Frank Feder, So Miyagawa, Elizabeth Platte, Caroline T. Schroeder, Amir Zeldes; source edition Crosswire, CoptOT. Licensed CC BY-SA 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/); this derivative is released under the same licence. CoptOT / Göttingen Digital Edition of the Coptic Old Testament, via Crosswire; English translation Brenton 1851 (ebible.org). Layers L1/L2 are modified: re-spelled (Cairene) / transliterated (Kemetic) by the Kemetic project, Yousef Hanna 2026.
annotation: segmentation automatic · tagging automatic · parsing automatic (SCRIPTORIUM meta.json; document version 6.1.0, 2025-06-30)
generated by: tools/sahidic_to_cairene.py (route D, C3a 2026-09-24; tier b, ROUTE-2 2026-09-26) then tools/cairene.py from_witness dialect=bohairic on the intermediate (L1 = Cairene(N_B(D(N_S(L0)))), RI-038; word division church); Sahidic N stage counts: abbrev=3 lexeme_open=1 stroke_kept=56 stroke_unified=111 th_resolved=4 tokens=130
file: Bible/Old Testament/Hosea/10.sahidic.scriptorium.L1.txt
title: Hosea 10 — Kemetic
dialect: bohairic
source: generated from 10.sahidic.scriptorium.L1.txt
licence: CC BY-SA 4.0
share: attribution
attribution: Hosea 10 from Coptic SCRIPTORIUM (https://copticscriptorium.org), corpus sahidic.ot, document 28_Hosea_10, version 6.1.0 (2025-06-30), annotations by Frank Feder, So Miyagawa, Elizabeth Platte, Caroline T. Schroeder, Amir Zeldes; source edition Crosswire, CoptOT. Licensed CC BY-SA 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/); this derivative is released under the same licence. CoptOT / Göttingen Digital Edition of the Coptic Old Testament, via Crosswire; English translation Brenton 1851 (ebible.org). Layers L1/L2 are modified: re-spelled (Cairene) / transliterated (Kemetic) by the Kemetic project, Yousef Hanna 2026.
annotation: segmentation automatic · tagging automatic · parsing automatic (SCRIPTORIUM meta.json; document version 6.1.0, 2025-06-30)
generated by: tools/coptic_to_kemetic.py convert() on the L1 text (letter rules of DECISIONS.md 2026-09-08)
file: Bible/Old Testament/Hosea/10.sahidic.scriptorium.L2.txt
what it is: DRAFT English. Not a published translation: `existing` rows quote an aligned translation named in `basis`; `llm` rows are a language-model best guess from the dictionary gloss and context (Yousef asked for them, 2026-09-27; to be corrected later); check the source text before relying on any of it.
lines: 9 quoted · 0 quoted with the alignment not cross-checked · 0 model drafts (marked “draft”)
quoted from: Brenton's Septuagint (1851) — aligned in Coptic SCRIPTORIUM sahidic.ot, 28_Hosea_10 (9 lines)

Cite as:

Hosea 10. Coptic SCRIPTORIUM corpus "sahidic.ot", document 28_Hosea_10. Layers as published by the Kemetic project (Yousef Hanna), 2026: Coptic · Cairene · Kemetic, /doc/bible/old-testament/hosea/10.sahidic.scriptorium/. Hosea 10 from Coptic SCRIPTORIUM (https://copticscriptorium.org), corpus sahidic.ot, document 28_Hosea_10, version 6.1.0 (2025-06-30), annotations by Frank Feder, So Miyagawa, Elizabeth Platte, Caroline T. Schroeder, Amir Zeldes; source edition Crosswire, CoptOT. Licensed CC BY-SA 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/); this derivative is released under the same licence. CoptOT / Göttingen Digital Edition of the Coptic Old Testament, via Crosswire; English translation Brenton 1851 (ebible.org). Layers L1/L2 are modified: re-spelled (Cairene) / transliterated (Kemetic) by the Kemetic project, Yousef Hanna 2026.

What the layers are

L0 witness
The text as its witness or edition has it, original spelling; its dialect is a description and is never standardized.

L0.5 transliteration
For Egyptian texts: the transliteration with the editors' marks turned into the symbols ° * < > _ ^ (ruled 2026-09-10). For papyri: the edition's Leiden marks as the same symbols, and the editors' readings beside the scribe's as ‹scribe→editors› (ruled PAP-3).

L1 Cairene
Standardized Greco-Bohairic spelling and grammar, generated by code from the layer above under the rulings of the project.

L2 Kemetic
The Kemetic alphabet, generated by code from L1.

English
Quoted translations where they exist, credited; otherwise model drafts, marked as drafts.