Psalms 56 — Coptic · Cairene

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share: attributionsahidic

Source: Coptic SCRIPTORIUM corpus "sahidic.ot", document 19_Psalms_056

Attribution: Psalms 56 from Coptic SCRIPTORIUM (https://copticscriptorium.org), corpus sahidic.ot, document 19_Psalms_056, version 6.1.0 (2025-06-30), annotations by Frank Feder, So Miyagawa, Elizabeth Platte, Caroline T. Schroeder, Amir Zeldes; source edition Crosswire, CoptOT. Licensed CC BY-SA 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/); this derivative is released under the same licence. CoptOT / Göttingen Digital Edition of the Coptic Old Testament, via Crosswire; English translation Brenton 1851 (ebible.org). Layers L1/L2 are modified: re-spelled (Cairene) / transliterated (Kemetic) by the Kemetic project, Yousef Hanna 2026.

Licence: CC-BY-SA 4.0

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0

Full provenance and citation

The text

12 lines · a line number is a link to itself

English: quoted translations are shown as they are, with their credit in the provenance; lines marked draft are language-model drafts made for this project (to be corrected), and alignment unchecked marks a quoted verse whose placement was not cross-checked. Check the Coptic before relying on any English line.

ref	L0 witness	L1 Cairene	L2 Kemetic	English
56:0	ⲉⲡϫⲱⲕ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲙⲡⲣⲧⲁⲕⲟ ⲛⲇⲁⲩⲉⲓⲇ ⲧⲉⲥⲧⲏⲗⲟⲅⲣⲁⲫⲓⲁ ϩⲙⲡⲧⲣⲉϥⲡⲱⲧ ⲙⲡⲉⲙⲧⲟ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲛⲥⲁⲟⲩⲗ ⲉⲡⲉⲙϩⲁⲁⲩ	ⲉ̀ⲡ̀ϫⲱⲕ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲣⲧⲁⲕⲟ ⲛ̀ⲇⲁⲩⲓⲇ ⲧ̀ⲥⲧⲏⲗⲟⲅⲣⲁⲫⲓⲁ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡ̀ⲑⲣⲉϥⲫⲱⲧ ⲛ̀ⲡ̀ⲙ̀ⲑⲟ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ ⲛ̀ⲥⲁⲟⲩⲗ ⲉ̀ⲡ̀ⲙ̀ϩⲁⲩ	èp̀gōk èvol m̀pertako ǹdavid t̀styloġrafia xen p̀θreffōt ǹp̀m̀θo èvol ǹsaoul èp̀m̀hav	draft · highFor the end. Do not destroy. Of David, the pillar inscription, when he fled from the face of Saoul into the cave.
56:1	ⲛⲁⲛⲁⲓ ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲛⲁⲛⲁⲓ ϫⲉⲁⲧⲁⲯⲩⲭⲏ ⲛⲁϩⲧⲉ ⲉⲣⲟⲕ ⲁⲩⲱ ϯⲛⲁⲛⲁϩⲧⲉ ϩⲁⲑⲁⲓⲃⲉⲥ ⲛⲛⲉⲕⲧⲛϩ ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲧⲁⲁⲛⲟⲙⲓⲁ ⲥⲁⲁⲧⲧ	ⲛⲁⲛⲏⲓ ⲫ̀ⲛⲟⲩϯ ⲛⲁⲓⲛⲏⲓ ϫⲉ ⲁⲧⲁⲯⲩⲭⲏ ⲛⲁϩϯ ⲉ̀ⲣⲟⲕ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ϯⲛⲁⲛⲁϩϯ ϧⲁⲧ̀ϩⲁⲓⲃⲉⲥ ⲛ̀ⲛⲉⲕⲧⲉⲛϩ ϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲁⲁ̀ⲛⲟⲙⲓⲁ ⲥⲁⲁⲧⲧ	nanyi f̀nouti nainyi je atapsiṡy nahti èrok ouoh tinanahti xat̀·haives ǹnektenh ṡatetaànomia saatt	Have mercy, upon me, O God, have mercy upon me: for my soul has trusted in thee: and in the shadow of thy wings will I hope, until the iniquity have passed away.
56:2	ϯⲛⲁϫⲓϣⲕⲁⲕ ⲉϩⲣⲁⲓ ⲉⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲉⲧϫⲟⲥⲉ ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲡⲉⲛⲧⲁϥⲣⲡⲉⲧⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϥ ⲛⲁⲓ	ϯⲛⲁϫⲓϣⲕⲁⲕ ⲉϩⲣⲁⲓ ⲉ̀ⲫ̀ⲛⲟⲩϯ ⲉⲧϭⲟⲥⲓ ⲫ̀ⲛⲟⲩϯ ⲡⲉⲧⲁϥⲉⲣⲡⲉⲧⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϥ ⲛⲏⲓ	tinajiṡkak ehrai èf̀nouti etċosi f̀nouti petaferpetnanouf nyi	I will cry to God most high; the God who has benefited me. Pause.
56:3	ⲁⲡϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ ⲧⲛⲛⲟⲟⲩ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲛⲧⲡⲉ ⲁϥⲧⲟⲩϫⲟⲓ ⲁϥϯ ⲛⲛⲉⲧϩⲱⲙ ⲉϫⲱⲓ ⲉⲩⲛⲟϭⲛⲉϭ ⲇⲓⲁⲯⲁⲗⲙⲁ ⲁⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲧⲛⲛⲉⲩⲡⲉϥⲛⲁ ⲙⲛⲧⲉϥⲙⲉ	ⲁ ⲡ̀ϭⲟⲓⲥ ⲟⲩⲱⲣⲡ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ ϧⲉⲛ ⲧ̀ⲫⲉ ⲁϥⲧⲟⲩϫⲟⲓ ⲁϥϯ ⲛ̀ⲛⲉⲧϩⲱⲙⲓ ⲉ̀ϫⲱⲓ ⲉⲩⲛⲟϫⲛⲉϫ ⲇⲓⲁⲯⲁⲗⲙⲁ ⲁ ⲫ̀ⲛⲟⲩϯ ⲧⲛⲛⲉⲩⲡⲉϥⲛⲁ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲧⲉϥⲙⲏⲓ	a p̀ċois ouōrp èvol xen t̀fe aftougoi afti ǹnet·hōmi ègōi evnogneg ḋiapsalma a f̀nouti tnnevpefna nem tefmyi	He sent from heaven and saved me; he gave to reproach them that trampled on me: God has sent forth his mercy and his truth;
56:4	ⲁϥⲛⲉϩⲙⲧⲁⲯⲩⲭⲏ ⲁⲓⲛⲕⲟⲧⲕ ⲉⲓϣⲧⲣⲧⲱⲣ ⲛⲧⲙⲏⲧⲉ ⲛϩⲉⲛⲙⲁⲥ ⲙⲙⲟⲩⲓ ⲛⲛⲁϫϩⲉ ⲛⲛϣⲏⲣⲉ ⲛⲛⲣⲱⲙⲉ ϩⲉⲛϩⲟⲡⲗⲟⲛ ⲛⲉ ϩⲓⲥⲟⲧⲉ ⲁⲩⲱ ⲡⲉⲩⲗⲁⲥ ⲟⲩⲥⲏϥⲉ ⲧⲉ ⲉⲥⲧⲏⲙ	ⲁϥⲛⲉϩⲙⲧⲁⲯⲩⲭⲏ ⲁⲓⲉⲛⲕⲟⲧ ⲉⲓϣⲧⲣⲧⲱⲣ ⲛ̀ⲑⲙⲏϯ ⲛ̀ϩⲁⲛⲙⲁⲥ ⲛ̀ⲙⲟⲩ ⲛ̀ⲛⲁϫϩⲉ ⲛ̀ⲛ̀ϣⲏⲣⲓ ⲛ̀ⲛ̀ⲣⲱⲙⲓ ϩⲁⲛϩⲟⲡⲗⲟⲛ ⲛⲉ ϩⲓⲥⲟⲧⲉ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲟⲩⲗⲁⲥ ⲟⲩⲥⲏϥⲓ ⲧⲉ ⲉⲥⲧⲏⲙ	afnehmtapsiky aienkot eiṡtrtōr ǹθmyti ǹhanmas ǹmou ǹnaghe ǹǹṡyri ǹǹrōmi hanhoplon ne hisote ouoh poulas ousyfi te estym	and he has delivered my soul from the midst of lions'whelps: I lay down to sleep, though troubled. As for the sons of men, their teeth are arms and missile weapons, and their tongue a sharp sword.
56:5	ϫⲓⲥⲉ ⲙⲙⲟⲕ ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲉϩⲣⲁⲓ ⲉϫⲛⲙⲡⲏⲩⲉ ⲁⲩⲱ ⲡⲉⲕⲉⲟⲟⲩ ⲉϩⲣⲁⲓ ⲉϫⲙⲡⲕⲁϩ ⲧⲏⲣϥ	ϫⲓⲥⲉ ⲙ̀ⲙⲟⲕ ⲫ̀ⲛⲟⲩϯ ⲉϩⲣⲁⲓ ⲉ̀ϫⲉⲛ ⲛ̀ⲫⲏⲟⲩⲓ̀ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲉⲕⲱ̀ⲟⲩ ⲉϩⲣⲁⲓ ⲉ̀ϫⲉⲛ ⲡ̀ⲕⲁϩⲓ ⲧⲏⲣϥ	jise m̀mok f̀nouti ehrai èjen ǹfyouì ouoh pekṑou ehrai èjen p̀kahi tyrf	Be thou exalted, O God, above the heavens; and thy glory above all the earth.
56:6	ⲁⲩⲥⲟⲃⲧⲉ ⲛⲟⲩϭⲟⲣϭⲥ ⲉⲛⲁⲟⲩⲉⲣⲏⲧⲉ ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁⲩⲕⲉⲗϫⲧⲁⲯⲩⲭⲏ ⲁⲩϣⲓⲕⲉ ⲛⲟⲩϩⲓⲉⲓⲧ ⲙⲡⲁⲙⲧⲟ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁⲩϩⲉ ⲉⲣⲟϥ ⲇⲓⲁⲯⲁⲗⲙⲁ	ⲁⲩⲥⲟⲃϯ ⲛ̀ⲟⲩϭⲟⲣϭⲥ ⲉ̀ⲛⲁⲟⲩⲉⲣⲏⲧⲉ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁⲩⲕⲉⲗϫⲧⲁⲯⲩⲭⲏ ⲁⲩϣⲓⲕⲉ ⲛ̀ⲟⲩϩⲓⲉⲓⲧ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ ⲡⲁⲙ̀ⲑⲟ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁⲩϫⲓⲙⲓ ⲉ̀ⲣⲟϥ ⲇⲓⲁⲯⲁⲗⲙⲁ	avsovti ǹouċorċs ènaoueryte ouoh avkelgtapsiky avṡike ǹouhieit ǹte pam̀θo èvol ouoh avjimi èrof ḋiapsalma	They have prepared snares for my feet, and have bowed down my soul: they have dug a pit before my face, and fallen into it themselves. Pause.
56:7	ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲡⲁϩⲏⲧ ⲥⲃⲧⲱⲧ ⲡⲁϩⲏⲧ ⲥⲃⲧⲱⲧ ϯⲛⲁϫⲱ ⲧⲁⲯⲁⲗⲗⲉⲓ ⲉⲣⲟⲕ	ⲫ̀ⲛⲟⲩϯ ⲡⲁϩⲏⲧ ⲥⲉⲃⲧⲱⲧ ⲡⲁϩⲏⲧ ⲥⲉⲃⲧⲱⲧ ϯⲛⲁϫⲱ ⲧⲁⲯⲁⲗⲗⲉⲓ ⲉ̀ⲣⲟⲕ	f̀nouti pahyt sevtōt pahyt sevtōt tinagō tapsallei èrok	My heart, O God, is ready, my heart is ready: I will sing, yea will sing psalms.
56:8	ⲧⲱⲟⲩⲛ ⲉϩⲣⲁⲓ ⲡⲁⲉⲟⲟⲩ ⲧⲱⲟⲩⲛ ⲡⲉⲯⲁⲗⲧⲏⲣⲓⲟⲛ ⲙⲛⲧⲕⲓⲑⲁⲣⲁ ϯⲛⲁⲧⲱⲟⲩⲛ ⲙⲡⲛⲁⲩ ⲛϣⲱⲣⲡ	ⲧⲱⲟⲩⲛ ⲉϩⲣⲁⲓ ⲡⲁⲱⲟⲩ ⲧⲱⲟⲩⲛ ⲡ̀ⲯⲁⲗⲧⲏⲣⲓⲟⲛ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲧ̀ⲕⲓⲑⲁⲣⲁ ϯⲛⲁⲧⲱⲟⲩⲛ ⲛ̀ⲡ̀ⲛⲁⲩ ⲛ̀ϣⲱⲣⲡ	tōoun ehrai paōou tōoun p̀psaltyrion nem t̀kiθara tinatōoun ǹp̀nav ǹṡōrp	Awake, my glory; awake, psaltery and harp: I will awake early.
56:9	ⲧⲁⲉⲝⲟⲙⲟⲗⲟⲅⲉⲓ ⲛⲁⲕ ⲡϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ ϩⲛⲛⲓⲗⲁⲟⲥ ϯⲛⲁⲯⲁⲗⲗⲉⲓ ⲉⲣⲟⲕ	ⲧⲁⲉⲝⲟⲙⲟⲗⲟⲅⲉⲓ ⲛⲁⲕ ⲡ̀ϭⲟⲓⲥ ϧⲉⲛ ⲛⲁⲓⲗⲁⲟⲥ ϯⲛⲁⲯⲁⲗⲗⲉⲓ ⲉ̀ⲣⲟⲕ	taeksomologei nak p̀ċois xen nailaos tinapsallei èrok	O Lord, I will give thanks to thee among the nations: I will sing to thee among the Gentiles.
56:10	ϫⲉⲁⲡⲉⲕⲛⲁ ϫⲓⲥⲉ ϣⲁϩⲣⲁⲓ ⲉⲙⲡⲏⲩⲉ ⲁⲩⲱ ⲧⲉⲕⲙⲉ ϣⲁϩⲣⲁⲓ ⲉⲛⲉⲕⲗⲟⲟⲗⲉ	ϫⲉ ⲁⲡⲉⲕⲛⲁ ϭⲓⲥⲓ ϣⲁϩⲣⲁⲓ ⲉ̀ⲛ̀ⲫⲏⲟⲩⲓ̀ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲧⲉⲕⲙⲏⲓ ϣⲁϩⲣⲁⲓ ⲉ̀ⲛ̀ⲕⲗⲟⲟⲗⲉ	je apekna ċisi ṡahrai èǹfyouì ouoh tekmyi ṡahrai èǹkloole	For thy mercy has been magnified even to the heavens, and thy truth to the clouds.
56:11	ϫⲓⲥⲉ ⲙⲙⲟⲕ ⲉϫⲛⲙⲡⲏⲩⲉ ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲁⲩⲱ ⲡⲉⲕⲉⲟⲟⲩ ⲉϩⲣⲁⲓ ⲉϫⲙⲡⲕⲁϩ ⲧⲏⲣϥ	ϭⲓⲥⲓ ⲙ̀ⲙⲟⲕ ⲉ̀ϫⲉⲛ ⲛ̀ⲫⲏⲟⲩⲓ̀ ⲫ̀ⲛⲟⲩϯ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲉⲕⲱ̀ⲟⲩ ⲉϩⲣⲁⲓ ⲉ̀ϫⲉⲛ ⲡ̀ⲕⲁϩⲓ ⲧⲏⲣϥ	ċisi m̀mok èjen ǹfyouì f̀nouti ouoh pekṑou ehrai èjen p̀kahi tyrf	For thy mercy has been magnified even to the heavens, and thy truth to the clouds.

Provenance

title: Psalms 56
dialect: sahidic
source: Coptic SCRIPTORIUM corpus "sahidic.ot", document 19_Psalms_056
licence: CC-BY-SA 4.0
share: attribution
attribution: Psalms 56 from Coptic SCRIPTORIUM (https://copticscriptorium.org), corpus sahidic.ot, document 19_Psalms_056, version 6.1.0 (2025-06-30), annotations by Frank Feder, So Miyagawa, Elizabeth Platte, Caroline T. Schroeder, Amir Zeldes; source edition Crosswire, CoptOT. Licensed CC BY-SA 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/); this derivative is released under the same licence. CoptOT / Göttingen Digital Edition of the Coptic Old Testament, via Crosswire; English translation Brenton 1851 (ebible.org). Layers L1/L2 are modified: re-spelled (Cairene) / transliterated (Kemetic) by the Kemetic project, Yousef Hanna 2026.
annotation: segmentation automatic · tagging automatic · parsing automatic (SCRIPTORIUM meta.json; document version 6.1.0, 2025-06-30)
file: Bible/Old Testament/Psalms/056.sahidic.scriptorium.L0.txt
title: Psalms 56 — Cairene
dialect: bohairic
source: generated from 056.sahidic.scriptorium.L0.txt (Coptic SCRIPTORIUM corpus "sahidic.ot", document 19_Psalms_056)
licence: CC BY-SA 4.0
share: attribution
attribution: Psalms 56 from Coptic SCRIPTORIUM (https://copticscriptorium.org), corpus sahidic.ot, document 19_Psalms_056, version 6.1.0 (2025-06-30), annotations by Frank Feder, So Miyagawa, Elizabeth Platte, Caroline T. Schroeder, Amir Zeldes; source edition Crosswire, CoptOT. Licensed CC BY-SA 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/); this derivative is released under the same licence. CoptOT / Göttingen Digital Edition of the Coptic Old Testament, via Crosswire; English translation Brenton 1851 (ebible.org). Layers L1/L2 are modified: re-spelled (Cairene) / transliterated (Kemetic) by the Kemetic project, Yousef Hanna 2026.
annotation: segmentation automatic · tagging automatic · parsing automatic (SCRIPTORIUM meta.json; document version 6.1.0, 2025-06-30)
generated by: tools/sahidic_to_cairene.py (route D, C3a 2026-09-24; tier b, ROUTE-2 2026-09-26) then tools/cairene.py from_witness dialect=bohairic on the intermediate (L1 = Cairene(N_B(D(N_S(L0)))), RI-038; word division church); Sahidic N stage counts: th_resolved=1 tokens=122
file: Bible/Old Testament/Psalms/056.sahidic.scriptorium.L1.txt
title: Psalms 56 — Kemetic
dialect: bohairic
source: generated from 056.sahidic.scriptorium.L1.txt
licence: CC BY-SA 4.0
share: attribution
attribution: Psalms 56 from Coptic SCRIPTORIUM (https://copticscriptorium.org), corpus sahidic.ot, document 19_Psalms_056, version 6.1.0 (2025-06-30), annotations by Frank Feder, So Miyagawa, Elizabeth Platte, Caroline T. Schroeder, Amir Zeldes; source edition Crosswire, CoptOT. Licensed CC BY-SA 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/); this derivative is released under the same licence. CoptOT / Göttingen Digital Edition of the Coptic Old Testament, via Crosswire; English translation Brenton 1851 (ebible.org). Layers L1/L2 are modified: re-spelled (Cairene) / transliterated (Kemetic) by the Kemetic project, Yousef Hanna 2026.
annotation: segmentation automatic · tagging automatic · parsing automatic (SCRIPTORIUM meta.json; document version 6.1.0, 2025-06-30)
generated by: tools/coptic_to_kemetic.py convert() on the L1 text (letter rules of DECISIONS.md 2026-09-08)
file: Bible/Old Testament/Psalms/056.sahidic.scriptorium.L2.txt
what it is: DRAFT English. Not a published translation: `existing` rows quote an aligned translation named in `basis`; `llm` rows are a language-model best guess from the dictionary gloss and context (Yousef asked for them, 2026-09-27; to be corrected later); check the source text before relying on any of it.
lines: 11 quoted · 0 quoted with the alignment not cross-checked · 1 model drafts (marked “draft”)
quoted from: Brenton's Septuagint (1851), Psalms 56:1 — Coptic SCRIPTORIUM sahidic.ot, 19_Psalms_056, verse 56:2, re-aligned by content (PSALTER): SCRIPTORIUM attaches its Psalter English by verse number, where its Coptic divides the verses otherwise (translation/psalter_alignment.tsv: aligned · both releases) (1 lines)
quoted from: Brenton's Septuagint (1851), Psalms 56:2 — Coptic SCRIPTORIUM sahidic.ot, 19_Psalms_056, verse 56:3, re-aligned by content (PSALTER): SCRIPTORIUM attaches its Psalter English by verse number, where its Coptic divides the verses otherwise (translation/psalter_alignment.tsv: aligned · both releases) (1 lines)
quoted from: Brenton's Septuagint (1851), Psalms 56:3 — Coptic SCRIPTORIUM sahidic.ot, 19_Psalms_056, verse 56:4, re-aligned by content (PSALTER): SCRIPTORIUM attaches its Psalter English by verse number, where its Coptic divides the verses otherwise (translation/psalter_alignment.tsv: aligned · both releases) (1 lines)
quoted from: Brenton's Septuagint (1851), Psalms 56:4 — Coptic SCRIPTORIUM sahidic.ot, 19_Psalms_056, verse 56:5, re-aligned by content (PSALTER): SCRIPTORIUM attaches its Psalter English by verse number, where its Coptic divides the verses otherwise (translation/psalter_alignment.tsv: aligned · both releases) (1 lines)
quoted from: Brenton's Septuagint (1851), Psalms 56:5 — Coptic SCRIPTORIUM sahidic.ot, 19_Psalms_056, verse 56:6, re-aligned by content (PSALTER): SCRIPTORIUM attaches its Psalter English by verse number, where its Coptic divides the verses otherwise (translation/psalter_alignment.tsv: aligned · both releases) (1 lines)
quoted from: Brenton's Septuagint (1851), Psalms 56:6 — Coptic SCRIPTORIUM sahidic.ot, 19_Psalms_056, verse 56:7, re-aligned by content (PSALTER): SCRIPTORIUM attaches its Psalter English by verse number, where its Coptic divides the verses otherwise (translation/psalter_alignment.tsv: aligned · both releases) (1 lines)
quoted from: and 5 further credits

Cite as:

Psalms 56. Coptic SCRIPTORIUM corpus "sahidic.ot", document 19_Psalms_056. Layers as published by the Kemetic project (Yousef Hanna), 2026: Coptic · Cairene · Kemetic, /doc/bible/old-testament/psalms/056.sahidic.scriptorium/. Psalms 56 from Coptic SCRIPTORIUM (https://copticscriptorium.org), corpus sahidic.ot, document 19_Psalms_056, version 6.1.0 (2025-06-30), annotations by Frank Feder, So Miyagawa, Elizabeth Platte, Caroline T. Schroeder, Amir Zeldes; source edition Crosswire, CoptOT. Licensed CC BY-SA 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/); this derivative is released under the same licence. CoptOT / Göttingen Digital Edition of the Coptic Old Testament, via Crosswire; English translation Brenton 1851 (ebible.org). Layers L1/L2 are modified: re-spelled (Cairene) / transliterated (Kemetic) by the Kemetic project, Yousef Hanna 2026.

What the layers are

L0 witness
The text as its witness or edition has it, original spelling; its dialect is a description and is never standardized.

L0.5 transliteration
For Egyptian texts: the transliteration with the editors' marks turned into the symbols ° * < > _ ^ (ruled 2026-09-10). For papyri: the edition's Leiden marks as the same symbols, and the editors' readings beside the scribe's as ‹scribe→editors› (ruled PAP-3).

L1 Cairene
Standardized Greco-Bohairic spelling and grammar, generated by code from the layer above under the rulings of the project.

L2 Kemetic
The Kemetic alphabet, generated by code from L1.

English
Quoted translations where they exist, credited; otherwise model drafts, marked as drafts.