19_Psalmi_84 — Coptic · Cairene

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share: attributionbohairic

Source: Coptic SCRIPTORIUM corpus "bohairic.ot", document 19_Psalmi_084

Attribution: 19_Psalmi_84 from Coptic SCRIPTORIUM (https://copticscriptorium.org), corpus bohairic.ot, document 19_Psalmi_084, version 6.0.0 (2024-10-31), annotations by Nina Speranskaja, Nicholas Wagner, Amir Zeldes; source edition Marcion, Hany Takla. Licensed CC BY-SA 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/); this derivative is released under the same licence. Marcion project, Hany Takla. Layers L1/L2 are modified: re-spelled (Cairene) / transliterated (Kemetic) by the Kemetic project, Yousef Hanna 2026.

Licence: CC-BY-SA 4.0 (meta.json "CC-BY-SA"; TEI header says CC-BY 4.0 — conflict, stricter kept; LICENCES.md Q-15)

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0

Full provenance and citation

The text

12 lines · a line number is a link to itself

English: quoted translations are shown as they are, with their credit in the provenance; lines marked draft are language-model drafts made for this project (to be corrected), and alignment unchecked marks a quoted verse whose placement was not cross-checked. Check the Coptic before relying on any English line.

ref	L0 witness	L1 Cairene	L2 Kemetic	English
84:0	ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲛⲉⲛϣⲏⲣⲓ ⲛⲕⲟⲣⲉ ⲉ̀ⲡ̀ϫⲱⲕ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ	ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ ⲛⲉⲛϣⲏⲣⲓ ⲛ̀ⲕⲟⲣⲉ ⲉ̀ⲡ̀ϫⲱⲕ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ	ǹte nenṡyri ǹkore èp̀gōk èvol	draft · highOf the sons of Kore. For the end.
84:1	ⲡϭⲟⲓⲥ ⲁⲕϯⲙⲁϯ ⲉ̀ϫⲉⲛⲡⲉⲕⲕⲁϩⲓ ⲁⲕⲧⲁⲥⲑⲟ ⲛϯⲉⲭⲙⲁⲗⲱⲥⲓⲁ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲓⲁⲕⲱⲃ	ⲡ̀ϭⲟⲓⲥ ⲁⲕϯⲙⲁϯ ⲉ̀ϫⲉⲛ ⲡⲉⲕⲕⲁϩⲓ ⲁⲕⲧⲁⲥⲑⲟ ⲛ̀ϯⲉⲭⲙⲁⲗⲱⲥⲓⲁ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ ⲓⲁⲕⲱⲃ	p̀ċois aktimati èjen pekkahi aktasθo ǹtiexmalōsia ǹte iakōb	O Lord, thou has taken pleasure in thy land: thou hast turned back the captivity of Jacob.
84:2	ⲁⲕⲭⲱ ⲛⲛⲓⲁⲛⲟⲙⲓⲁ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲡⲉⲕⲗⲁⲟⲥ ⲛⲱⲟⲩ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ ⲁⲕϩⲱⲃⲥ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ ⲉ̀ϫⲉⲛⲛⲟⲩⲛⲟⲃⲓ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ ⲁⲕⲃⲱⲗ ⲙⲡⲉⲕϫⲱⲛⲧ ⲧⲏⲣϥ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ ⲁⲕⲧⲁⲥⲑⲟ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲁⲡϫⲱⲛⲧ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲡⲉⲕⲙⲃⲟⲛ	ⲁⲕⲭⲱ ⲛ̀ⲛⲓⲁ̀ⲛⲟⲙⲓⲁ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ ⲡⲉⲕⲗⲁⲟⲥ ⲛⲱⲟⲩ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ ⲁⲕϩⲱⲃⲥ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ ⲉ̀ϫⲉⲛ ⲛⲟⲩⲛⲟⲃⲓ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ ⲁⲭⲃⲱⲗ ⲙ̀ⲡⲉⲕϫⲱⲛⲧ ⲧⲏⲣϥ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ ⲁⲕⲧⲁⲥⲑⲟ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲁ ⲡ̀ϫⲱⲛⲧ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ ⲡⲉⲕⲙ̀ⲃⲟⲛ	akkō ǹniànomia ǹte peklaos nōou èvol ak·hōvs èvol èjen nounovi tyrou akvōl m̀pekgōnt tyrf èvol aktasθo èvol ha p̀gōnt ǹte pekm̀von	Thou hast forgiven thy people their transgressions; thou has covered all their sins. Pause. Thou has caused all thy wrath to cease: thou hast turned from thy fierce anger.
84:3	ⲙⲁⲧⲁⲥⲑⲟⲛ ⲫⲛⲟⲩϯ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲡⲉⲛⲟⲩϫⲁⲓ ⲙⲁⲧⲁⲥⲑⲟ ⲙⲡⲉⲕⲙⲃⲟⲛ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲁⲣⲟⲛ	ⲙⲁⲧⲁⲥⲑⲟⲛ ⲫ̀ⲛⲟⲩϯ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ ⲡⲉⲛⲟⲩϫⲁⲓ ⲙⲁⲧⲁⲥⲑⲟ ⲛ̀ⲡⲉⲕⲙ̀ⲃⲟⲛ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲁⲣⲟⲛ	matasθon f̀nouti ǹte penougai matasθo ǹpekm̀von èvol haron	Turn us, O God of our salvation, and turn thy anger away from us.
84:4	ⲙⲏ ⲭⲛⲁϫⲱⲛⲧ ⲉⲣⲟⲛ ϣⲁⲉ̀ⲛⲉϩ ⲓⲉ ⲭⲛⲁⲥⲟⲩⲧⲉⲛ ⲡⲉⲕϫⲱⲛⲧ ⲓⲥϫⲉⲛ ϫⲱⲟⲩ ϣⲁϫⲱⲟⲩ	ⲙⲏ ⲭ̀ⲛⲁϫⲱⲛⲧ ⲉ̀ⲣⲟⲛ ϣⲁ ⲉ̀ⲛⲉϩ ⲓⲉ ⲭ̀ⲛⲁⲥⲟⲩⲧⲉⲛ ⲡⲉⲕϫⲱⲛⲧ ⲓⲥϫⲉⲛ ϫⲱⲟⲩ ϣⲁ ϫⲱⲟⲩ	my k̀nagōnt èron ṡa èneh ie k̀nasouten pekgōnt isjen gōou ṡa gōou
84:5	ⲛ̀ⲑⲟⲕ ⲫⲛⲟⲩϯ ⲉⲕⲉⲕⲟⲧⲕ ⲉⲕⲉⲧⲁⲛϧⲟⲛ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲉⲕⲗⲁⲟⲥ ⲉϥⲉⲟⲩⲛⲟϥ ⲉ̀ϩ̀ⲣⲏⲓ ⲉϫⲱⲕ	ⲛ̀ⲑⲟⲕ ⲫ̀ⲛⲟⲩϯ ⲉⲕⲉ̀ⲕⲟⲧⲕ ⲉⲕⲉ̀ⲧⲁⲛϧⲟⲛ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲉⲕⲗⲁⲟⲥ ⲉϥⲉ̀ⲟⲩⲛⲟϥ ⲉ̀ϩ̀ⲣⲏⲓ ⲉ̀ϫⲱⲕ	ǹθok f̀nouti ekèkotk ekètanxon ouoh peklaos efèounof èh̀ryi ègōk	O God, thou wilt turn and quicken us; and thy people shall rejoice in thee.
84:6	ⲙⲁⲧⲁⲙⲟⲛ ⲡϭⲟⲓⲥ ⲉⲡⲉⲕⲛⲁⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲉⲕⲟⲩϫⲁⲓ ⲙⲏⲓϥ ⲛⲁⲛ	ⲙⲁⲧⲁⲙⲟⲛ ⲡ̀ϭⲟⲓⲥ ⲉ̀ⲡⲉⲕⲛⲁⲓ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲉⲕⲟⲩϫⲁⲓ ⲙⲏⲓϥ ⲛⲁⲛ	matamon p̀ċois èpeknai ouoh pekougai myif nan
84:7	ϯⲛⲁⲥⲱⲧⲉⲙ ϫⲉⲟⲩ ⲡⲉⲧⲉ ⲡϭⲟⲓⲥ ⲫⲛⲟⲩϯ ⲛⲁⲥⲁϫⲓ ⲙ̀ⲙⲟϥ ⲛϧⲏⲧ ϫⲉⲉϥⲉⲥⲁϫⲓ ⲛⲟⲩϩⲓⲣⲏⲛⲏ ⲉ̀ϫⲉⲛⲡⲉϥⲗⲁⲟⲥ ⲛⲉⲙⲉ̀ϫⲉⲛⲛⲏ ⲉⲑⲟⲩⲁⲃ ⲛ̀ⲧⲁϥ ⲛⲉⲙⲛⲏ ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲕⲟⲧⲟⲩ ϩⲁⲣⲟϥ ϧⲉⲛⲡⲟⲩϩⲏⲧ ⲧⲏⲣϥ	ϯⲛⲁⲥⲱⲧⲉⲙ ϫⲉ ⲟⲩ ⲡⲉ̀ⲧⲉ ⲡ̀ϭⲟⲓⲥ ⲫ̀ⲛⲟⲩϯ ⲛⲁⲥⲁϫⲓ ⲙ̀ⲙⲟϥ ⲛ̀ϧⲏⲧ ϫⲉ ⲉϥⲉ̀ⲥⲁϫⲓ ⲛ̀ⲟⲩϩⲓⲣⲏⲛⲏ ⲉ̀ϫⲉⲛ ⲡⲉϥⲗⲁⲟⲥ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲉ̀ϫⲉⲛ ⲛⲏ ⲉⲑⲟⲩⲁⲃ ⲛ̀ⲧⲁϥ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲛⲏ ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲕⲟⲧⲟⲩ ϩⲁⲣⲟϥ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲟⲩϩⲏⲧ ⲧⲏⲣϥ	tinasōtem je ou pète p̀ċois f̀nouti nasaji m̀mof ǹxyt je efèsaji ǹouhiryny èjen peflaos nem èjen ny eθouab ǹtaf nem ny etavkotou harof xen pouhyt tyrf	I will hear what the Lord God will say concerning me: for he shall speak peace to his people, and to his saints, and to those that turn their heart toward him.
84:8	ⲡⲗⲏⲛ ⲡⲉϥⲟⲩϫⲁⲓ ϧⲉⲛⲧ ⲉⲟⲩⲟⲛ ⲛⲓⲃⲉⲛ ⲉⲧⲉⲣϩⲟϯ ϧⲁⲧⲉϥϩⲏ ⲉⲑⲣⲉϥϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲛ̀ϫⲉⲟⲩⲱⲟⲩ ϧⲉⲛⲡⲉⲛⲕⲁϩⲓ	ⲡ̀ⲗⲏⲛ ⲡⲉϥⲟⲩϫⲁⲓ ϧⲉⲛⲧ ⲉ̀ⲟⲩⲟⲛ ⲛⲓⲃⲉⲛ ⲉⲧⲉⲣϩⲟϯ ϧⲁ ⲧⲉϥϩⲏ ⲉ̀ⲑⲣⲉϥϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲛ̀ϫⲉ ⲟⲩⲱ̀ⲟⲩ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲉⲛⲕⲁϩⲓ	p̀lyn pefougai xent èouon niven eterhoti xa tefhy èθrefṡōpi ǹje ouṑou xen penkahi	Moreover his salvation is near them that fear him; that glory may dwell in our land.
84:9	ⲟⲩⲛⲁⲓ ⲛⲉⲙⲟⲩⲙⲉⲑⲙⲏⲓ ⲁⲩⲓ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ ⲉϩⲣⲉⲛⲛⲟⲩⲉⲣⲏⲟⲩ ⲟⲩⲇⲓⲕⲉⲟⲥⲩⲛⲏ ⲛⲉⲙⲟⲩϩⲓⲣⲏⲛⲏ ⲁⲩϣⲉⲡⲧⲟⲧⲟⲩ ⲛⲛⲟⲩⲉⲣⲏⲟⲩ	ⲟⲩⲛⲁⲓ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲟⲩⲙⲉⲑⲙⲏⲓ ⲁⲩⲓ̀ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ ⲉ̀ϩ̀ⲣⲉⲛ ⲛⲟⲩⲉ̀ⲣⲏⲟⲩ ⲟⲩⲇⲓⲕⲉⲟⲥⲩⲛⲏ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲟⲩϩⲓⲣⲏⲛⲏ ⲁⲩϣⲉⲡⲧⲟⲧⲟⲩ ⲛ̀ⲛⲟⲩⲉⲣⲏⲟⲩ	ounai nem oumeθmyi avì èvol èh̀ren nouèryou ouḋikeosiny nem ouhiryny avṡeptotou ǹnoueryou	Mercy and truth are met together: righteousness and peace have kissed each other.
84:10	ϯⲙⲉⲑⲙⲏⲓ ⲁⲥϣⲁⲓ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ ϧⲉⲛⲡ̀ⲕⲁϩⲓ ϯⲇⲓⲕⲉⲟⲥⲩⲛⲏ ⲁⲥϫⲟⲩϣⲧ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ ϧⲉⲛⲧ̀ⲫⲉ ⲕⲉ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲡϭⲟⲓⲥ ⲉϥⲉϯ ⲛⲟⲩⲙⲉⲧⲭⲣⲓⲥⲧⲟⲥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲉⲛⲕⲁϩⲓ ⲉϥⲉϯ ⲙⲡⲉϥⲟⲩⲧⲁϩ	ϯⲙⲉⲑⲙⲏⲓ ⲁⲥϣⲁⲓ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡ̀ⲕⲁϩⲓ ϯⲇⲓⲕⲉⲟ̀ⲥⲩⲛⲏ ⲁⲥϫⲟⲩϣⲧ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ ϧⲉⲛ ⲧ̀ⲫⲉ ⲕⲉ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲡ̀ϭⲟⲓⲥ ⲉϥⲉ̀ϯ ⲛ̀ⲟⲩⲙⲉⲧⲭⲣⲓⲥⲧⲟⲥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲉⲛⲕⲁϩⲓ ⲉϥⲉ̀ϯ ⲛ̀ⲡⲉϥⲟⲩⲧⲁϩ	timeθmyi asṡai èvol xen p̀kahi tiḋikeòsiny asgouṡt èvol xen t̀fe ke ġar p̀ċois efèti ǹoumetxristos ouoh penkahi efèti ǹpefoutah	Truth has sprung out of the earth; and righteousness has looked down from heaven. For the Lord will give goodness; and our land shall yield her fruit.
84:11	ⲟⲩⲙⲉⲑⲙⲏⲓ ⲉⲥⲉⲉⲣϣⲟⲣⲡ ⲙⲙⲟϣⲓ ⲙⲡⲉϥⲙⲑⲟ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉϥⲉⲭⲱ ⲛⲛⲉϥⲧⲁⲧⲥⲓ ϩⲓⲡⲓⲙⲱⲓⲧ ⲉ̀ϧⲟⲩⲛ	ⲟⲩⲙⲉⲑⲙⲏⲓ ⲉⲥⲉⲉⲣϣⲟⲣⲡ ⲛ̀ⲙⲟϣⲓ ⲛ̀ⲡⲉϥⲙ̀ⲑⲟ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉϥⲉ̀ⲭⲱ ⲛ̀ⲛⲉϥⲧⲁⲧⲥⲓ ϩⲓ ⲡⲓⲙⲱⲓⲧ ⲉ̀ϧⲟⲩⲛ	oumeθmyi eseerṡorp ǹmoṡi ǹpefm̀θo ouoh efèkō ǹneftatsi hi pimōit èxoun	Righteousness shall go before him; and shall set his steps in the way.

Provenance

title: 19_Psalmi_84
dialect: bohairic
source: Coptic SCRIPTORIUM corpus "bohairic.ot", document 19_Psalmi_084
licence: CC-BY-SA 4.0 (meta.json "CC-BY-SA"; TEI header says CC-BY 4.0 — conflict, stricter kept; LICENCES.md Q-15)
share: attribution
attribution: 19_Psalmi_84 from Coptic SCRIPTORIUM (https://copticscriptorium.org), corpus bohairic.ot, document 19_Psalmi_084, version 6.0.0 (2024-10-31), annotations by Nina Speranskaja, Nicholas Wagner, Amir Zeldes; source edition Marcion, Hany Takla. Licensed CC BY-SA 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/); this derivative is released under the same licence. Marcion project, Hany Takla. Layers L1/L2 are modified: re-spelled (Cairene) / transliterated (Kemetic) by the Kemetic project, Yousef Hanna 2026.
annotation: segmentation ? · tagging automatic · parsing automatic (SCRIPTORIUM meta.json; document version 6.0.0, 2024-10-31)
file: Bible/Old Testament/Psalms/084.bohairic.scriptorium.L0.txt
title: 19_Psalmi_84 — Cairene
dialect: bohairic
source: generated from 084.bohairic.scriptorium.L0.txt (Coptic SCRIPTORIUM corpus "bohairic.ot", document 19_Psalmi_084)
licence: CC BY-SA 4.0
share: attribution
attribution: 19_Psalmi_84 from Coptic SCRIPTORIUM (https://copticscriptorium.org), corpus bohairic.ot, document 19_Psalmi_084, version 6.0.0 (2024-10-31), annotations by Nina Speranskaja, Nicholas Wagner, Amir Zeldes; source edition Marcion, Hany Takla. Licensed CC BY-SA 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/); this derivative is released under the same licence. Marcion project, Hany Takla. Layers L1/L2 are modified: re-spelled (Cairene) / transliterated (Kemetic) by the Kemetic project, Yousef Hanna 2026.
generated by: tools/cairene.py from_witness on the L0 text (L1 = Cairene(N(L0)), RI-038 2026-09-16; RI-029 2026-09-11; DECISIONS.md 2026-09-09: punctuation O-6, jinkim O-3; segmentation-aware jinkim + spelling verdicts from the witness-aligned CoNLL-U segmentation, C3b; 2026-09-09 evening rulings: word division church, "until" base ϣⲁⲧⲉ-, nomina sacra ⲓ̅ⲥ̅/ⲡⲉⲭ︦ⲥ︦/Ⲑⲥ̅/Ⲩⲥ̅ expanded; numerals and abbreviations resolved by the normalization stage)
file: Bible/Old Testament/Psalms/084.bohairic.scriptorium.L1.txt
title: 19_Psalmi_84 — Kemetic
dialect: bohairic
source: generated from 084.bohairic.scriptorium.L1.txt
licence: CC BY-SA 4.0
share: attribution
attribution: 19_Psalmi_84 from Coptic SCRIPTORIUM (https://copticscriptorium.org), corpus bohairic.ot, document 19_Psalmi_084, version 6.0.0 (2024-10-31), annotations by Nina Speranskaja, Nicholas Wagner, Amir Zeldes; source edition Marcion, Hany Takla. Licensed CC BY-SA 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/); this derivative is released under the same licence. Marcion project, Hany Takla. Layers L1/L2 are modified: re-spelled (Cairene) / transliterated (Kemetic) by the Kemetic project, Yousef Hanna 2026.
generated by: tools/coptic_to_kemetic.py convert() on the L1 text (letter rules of DECISIONS.md 2026-09-08)
file: Bible/Old Testament/Psalms/084.bohairic.scriptorium.L2.txt
what it is: DRAFT English. Not a published translation: `existing` rows quote an aligned translation named in `basis`; `llm` rows are a language-model best guess from the dictionary gloss and context (Yousef asked for them, 2026-09-27; to be corrected later); check the source text before relying on any of it.
lines: 9 quoted · 0 quoted with the alignment not cross-checked · 1 model drafts (marked “draft”)
quoted from: Brenton's Septuagint (1851), Psalms 84:1 — Coptic SCRIPTORIUM bohairic.ot, 19_Psalmi_084, verse 84:1, re-aligned by content (PSALTER): SCRIPTORIUM attaches its Psalter English by verse number, where its Coptic divides the verses otherwise (translation/psalter_alignment.tsv: aligned · both releases) (1 lines)
quoted from: Brenton's Septuagint (1851), Psalms 84:2–3 — Coptic SCRIPTORIUM bohairic.ot, 19_Psalmi_084, verse 84:2, re-aligned by content (PSALTER): SCRIPTORIUM attaches its Psalter English by verse number, where its Coptic divides the verses otherwise (translation/psalter_alignment.tsv: aligned · both releases) (1 lines)
quoted from: Brenton's Septuagint (1851), Psalms 84:4 — Coptic SCRIPTORIUM bohairic.ot, 19_Psalmi_084, verse 84:3, re-aligned by content (PSALTER): SCRIPTORIUM attaches its Psalter English by verse number, where its Coptic divides the verses otherwise (translation/psalter_alignment.tsv: aligned · both releases) (1 lines)
quoted from: Brenton's Septuagint (1851), Psalms 84:6 — Coptic SCRIPTORIUM bohairic.ot, 19_Psalmi_084, verse 84:5, re-aligned by content (PSALTER): SCRIPTORIUM attaches its Psalter English by verse number, where its Coptic divides the verses otherwise (translation/psalter_alignment.tsv: aligned · both releases) (1 lines)
quoted from: Brenton's Septuagint (1851), Psalms 84:8 — Coptic SCRIPTORIUM bohairic.ot, 19_Psalmi_084, verse 84:7, re-aligned by content (PSALTER): SCRIPTORIUM attaches its Psalter English by verse number, where its Coptic divides the verses otherwise (translation/psalter_alignment.tsv: aligned · both releases) (1 lines)
quoted from: Brenton's Septuagint (1851), Psalms 84:9 — Coptic SCRIPTORIUM bohairic.ot, 19_Psalmi_084, verse 84:8, re-aligned by content (PSALTER): SCRIPTORIUM attaches its Psalter English by verse number, where its Coptic divides the verses otherwise (translation/psalter_alignment.tsv: aligned · both releases) (1 lines)
quoted from: and 3 further credits

Cite as:

19_Psalmi_84. Coptic SCRIPTORIUM corpus "bohairic.ot", document 19_Psalmi_084. Layers as published by the Kemetic project (Yousef Hanna), 2026: Coptic · Cairene · Kemetic, /doc/bible/old-testament/psalms/084.bohairic.scriptorium/. 19_Psalmi_84 from Coptic SCRIPTORIUM (https://copticscriptorium.org), corpus bohairic.ot, document 19_Psalmi_084, version 6.0.0 (2024-10-31), annotations by Nina Speranskaja, Nicholas Wagner, Amir Zeldes; source edition Marcion, Hany Takla. Licensed CC BY-SA 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/); this derivative is released under the same licence. Marcion project, Hany Takla. Layers L1/L2 are modified: re-spelled (Cairene) / transliterated (Kemetic) by the Kemetic project, Yousef Hanna 2026.

What the layers are

L0 witness
The text as its witness or edition has it, original spelling; its dialect is a description and is never standardized.

L0.5 transliteration
For Egyptian texts: the transliteration with the editors' marks turned into the symbols ° * < > _ ^ (ruled 2026-09-10). For papyri: the edition's Leiden marks as the same symbols, and the editors' readings beside the scribe's as ‹scribe→editors› (ruled PAP-3).

L1 Cairene
Standardized Greco-Bohairic spelling and grammar, generated by code from the layer above under the rulings of the project.

L2 Kemetic
The Kemetic alphabet, generated by code from L1.

English
Quoted translations where they exist, credited; otherwise model drafts, marked as drafts.