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Attribution: Crum – A Coptic Dictionary (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1939; scan of the 2000 Sandpiper Books special edition); public domain in Canada (death year verified: Crum d.1944 (corpus/scan_copyright.csv rows koptischerechtsu00crum and CanonsOfAthanasiusOfAlexandria, citing en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walter_Ewing_Crum); title page PDF 1; imprint PDF 2 (OCR corpus/incoming/crum/ocr_root pages/0002.txt): "© Oxford University Press 1939 … Special edition for Sandpiper Books Ltd., 2000 … All rights reserved"; scan source archive.org item CopticEnglishDictionary (corpus/incoming/crum/STAGING.md §4) · note (PROPOSED-scan_copyright-CRUM.csv): Ruling CR-1 (Yousef 2026-09-29): PD-CANADA TEXT ONLY — file the 1939 dictionary pages; leave the 2000 reprint's own front matter out; note the imprint in the headers. Staged set corpus/incoming/crum/text (24 docs, 971 pp)); OCR text by the Kemetic project, Yousef Hanna 2026.
Licence: public domain in Canada (author died ≤ 1971, verified; LICENCES.md §7) — US position (recorded, does not gate the class; PD-CA 2026-09-26): US: published 1939, © OUP 1939 — check renewal/URAA before any US-facing use · CR-1 (Yousef 2026-09-29): PD-CANADA, TEXT ONLY — the 1939 dictionary pages are filed; the scan is of the 2000 Sandpiper reprint, whose own front matter (PDF pp. 1–2) is left out; the page images are not redistributed
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The text
183 lines · a line number is a link to itself| ref | L0 witness (OCR) |
|---|---|
| page 531 · printed p. 514 | |
| 1 | [running head] ⲫⲱⲛϩ ⲫ (For most words in &- v n-.) |
| 2 | --- column a --- |
| 3 | ⲁ 21st letter of alphabet, called &s (My 97) S, |
| 4 | (K 1, Stern ⲣ 418)8, (P44 137, Stern lc). As |
| 5 | numeral BF, rarely S(Br 128, Lant 8, BIF 5 113) = |
| 6 | ϭⲟⲟ (ϯⲟⲩ ⲡϣⲉ). Notin S except for ne (archaic), |
| 7 | as dw 8 (PS 105, BG 104), ϣⲫⲙⲙⲁⲧ (J&C 93), Ⲫⲏ- |
| 8 | ⲕⲉⲙⲱⲕ (Ryl 270); sim O ⲫⲟ (AZ 21 ¢8), Ⲫⲏⲧ (ib |
| 9 | 104); converse (rare), as ⲡϩⲁⲣⲁⲱ (ⲡ ends line Mor |
| 10 | 31 174), ngoun (ⲫⲱr) Ann 2763). In B= Sn (1) |
| 11 | before liquids, as ⲫⲙⲟⲩⲓ, ⲛⲁⲫⲣⲓ (2) before tone |
| 12 | vowel, as ⲫⲱⲣϣⲓ, ⲁⲫⲟⲧ : (3) beginning a syllable |
| 13 | after consonant, as ⲉⲣⲫⲉⲓ, ϣⲫⲓⲧ, ϫⲫⲟ : also in ⲁⲫⲉ. |
| 14 | Replaces ⲡ, as ⲫⲛⲟⲏ (Mus 34 201), ⲫⲗⲁⲍⲓⲛ (nAdo- |
| 15 | ⲟⲉ EW 108), ⲫⲓⲥⲕⲓⲛⲁ (C 86 22), pep (BM 1223); |
| 16 | converse, as ⲡⲗⲉⲭⲙⲁ (ⲫⲗⲩⲙⲙⲁ Mor 37 147), ⲡⲓⲁⲗⲉ |
| 17 | (ⲉ︦) PMich 1190), aneaproc (BMis 270), oynpo- |
| 18 | ⲥⲩⲛⲏ (dd. DeV 1167). Cf LMis 00. Replaces ⲃ |
| 19 | as ⲉⲫⲓⲏⲛ (AZ 40 6), poyhaces(Ez30 17), ⲫⲗⲁⲥⲫⲩ‐ |
| 20 | ⲙⲓⲁ (BMis 58); converse, as ⲃⲓⲟ (AZ 40 10), Rope |
| 21 | (ⲣⲉⲓ Z 632), Replaces ϥ, as ϣⲁⲛⲟⲩϣⲫ (Rec? |
| 22 | 195), ⲛⲁⲛⲏⲫ (Ryl 400), ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲫϣⲱⲡⲉ (J 113 18); |
| 23 | converse, as owner (BMar 10), kAsy1 (yAvdev Ⲣⲉ |
| 24 | 2 191). Replaced by ⲑ, as ⲑⲗⲟⲡⲟⲛⲟⲥ ($A. BMis |
| 25 | 259). Transcribed (in names)by Ar i, as ϣⲙ.. |
| 26 | By Wo (metath for ⲫⲟⲓⲃⲁⲙⲙⲱⲛ) aged. |
| 27 | ⲫⲓⲃ ⲟ ⲡⲉⲓ. |
| 28 | ⲫⲓⲏ Bon f, sprout, blossom: Nu 17 23 (S ϯ ⲟⲩⲱ) |
| 29 | BAaorés; Dan 4 12(S ⲧⲱϭⲉ) dui. Prob is Gk dug |
| 30 | (but ¢f Rec 31 83). |
| 31 | ⲫⲉ ⲃ nn ⲡⲓ, bean: K 193 mig. (no var) Jp. V |
| 32 | AZ 83 142, Dévaud Etudes 33. |
| 33 | ⲫⲗⲏⲟⲩ ⲃ ⲥ ⲉⲫⲗⲏⲟⲩ. |
| 34 | ⲫⲟⲗϩϥ ⲃ ⲟ ⲡⲱϩ sf. |
| 35 | ⲫⲱⲗϫ ⲃ © ⲡⲱⲗϭ. |
| 36 | ⲫⲉⲗϫⲓ ⲃ ⲉ ⲡⲙϭⲉ. |
| 37 | ϣⲯⲫⲁⲙⲉⲛⲱⲑ ⲃ ⲉ ⲡⲁⲣⲙϩⲟⲧⲡ. |
| 38 | ⲫⲟⲛⲡⲉⲛ, -ⲫⲉⲛ, ⲫⲉⲛⲫⲱⲡ B vb intr, overflow, |
| 39 | ⲥ ⲛ- with: Job 26 gave), ⲃ (5 cwn)xdav; ⲥ |
| 40 | ϧⲉⲡ- : Pro 3 10(SA ⲙⲟⲩϩ) éxPAvlev; ⲥ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ: |
| 41 | Job 21 25 ⲡⲱⲛ ⲉⲃ. ⲭ. ⲟⲉ) 2 24(S4 )ⲏⲉⲣⲭ. |
| 42 | Pro 5 16(S do, 4 ⲛⲱϩⲧ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ), Lu 6 38(S dolirepex- |
| 43 | xveabas, Ex 1 7(4 ⲡⲱⲣϩ ab.) xvdaios ⲉⲟⲥ. Cf |
| 44 | mw. |
| 45 | --- column b --- |
| 46 | ⲫⲱⲛϩ, ⲫⲉⲛϩ, ⲫⲟⲛϩ, ⲫⲟⲛϩ B vb Lintr, lurn, |
| 47 | be turned, cf nwwne (Sethe Verbum 1 359): Job 28 |
| 48 | ϭ, Dan 10 16 orpédeobac, Jer 8 4tdnoo., Deu 32 st |
| 49 | (S ϭⲟⲟⲙⲉ), Pro 4 281 5 do, 4 says), Ac 20 30! [5 |
| 50 | do), MG 25234 I know not ⲡⲱⲥ ⲁϥⲫ. Ϩⲉ.. Deu 30 |
| 51 | 17 (S ϣⲓⲃⲉ) pebiordvar; S22 15(S 4) dfaldooe- |
| 52 | afar; Va 60 301 ⲙⲡⲁⲥϣⲓⲃϯ ⲙⲛⲁⲥⲫ. peranimrewr; |
| 53 | Nu 30 13(S as Gk)mepiaspeiv; He 12 18'(S Gk om), |
| 54 | TRit 45 sim; BM 915 17 words ⲉⲧⲫ. opp ⲉⲧⲥⲟⲩ‐ |
| 55 | ⲧⲱⲛ, Ⲥ 43 188 demon ⲫ. changed shape, MIE 2 370 |
| 56 | ⲁⲡⲉϥϩⲏⲧ ⲫ. ϩⲱⲥ pwaas & he spat=ViK 9629 5 a- |
| 57 | ⲡⲉϥϩⲏⲧ ϩⲱⲃⲥ = PO 22 ⲓϩⲉ. 4, Va ⲓ ϩⲟⲓ |
| 58 | ⲁⲡⲉⲕϩⲏⲧ ⲫ. art deranged. |
| 59 | IXtr: Is 38 8 (S ⲧⲟ) ovp., Sug (5 do), Mic3 ϩ |
| 60 | (S4 ⲡⲱϣⲥ), Ac 13 10(S swwane) Siac, Gal 1 7 (S |
| 61 | ⲡⲱⲱⲛⲉ) ⲕⲉⲧ. Is 33 18 (SF diff) ϭⲱϭ. Jobb 12 (5 |
| 62 | ϣⲓ.) Stalde.; Deul 28 (S ⲡⲱϣⲥ) ddiordrac; Ⲣⲉ |
| 63 | 2 196 ⲛⲁϥⲫ. ⲙⲙⲟϥ ϧⲉⲛⲛⲉϥϫⲓϫ, MG 25 150 ⲁϥ‐ |
| 64 | ⲫⲉⲛϩ ⲡⲓⲉⲛⲭⲁⲓ ⲡⲟⲩⲱⲙ in cauldron, BSM 71 ⲁϥ‐ |
| 65 | gouge (sc name) & called him Matthew; refi: |
| 66 | Ge 3 24(S ⲕⲱⲧⲉ) Lam 1 ϩⲟ ⲕⲧⲟ, F wralved), |
| 67 | Lu 79(S xw.)o., Jos 23 12(S wro)amoo.,Ps17 2) |
| 68 | (S ϭⲱ. 4 Cl ϭⲟⲟⲩϭ) Siao., Ap 1 12 (§ do) mo, |
| 69 | Jer 23 19 ovo. ; Cai Euch 498 perawmoiweir; Cat 113 |
| 70 | at turning in road ⲙⲙⲟⲛ ϣϫⲟⲙ ⲙⲙⲟϥ ⲉⲫⲟⲛϩϥ |
| 71 | ⲡⲉⲙⲡⲓⲥϯⲟⲥ (on Mk 15 21). |
| 72 | With following preposition. ⲥ ⲉ- to, toward : |
| 73 | Ps 0 12 (S do), Is 34 9 (SF ⲕⲱ) ϭ. «ls, Lu 7 44(S |
| 74 | ⲕⲧⲟ) ⲟ. mpds, Jer 39 33 mo. mpds, Ps 85 6(S do), |
| 75 | Am ⲃ 10(S ⲛⲱⲱⲛⲉ) pera. eis, i 6 12 xo. «ls; Is |
| 76 | 30 32 (SF = Gk) perafoldi; AM 241 and. aans- |
| 77 | ⲭⲣⲱⲙ eoyiina, Aeg 52 ⲫ. ⲙⲡⲉϩⲟ ⲉⲡⲥⲁ ⲛϯⲁⲛⲁ‐ |
| 78 | ⲧⲟⲗⲏ, ROC 25 255 ϣⲁϥⲫⲟⲡϩϥ ⲉⲡⲉϥⲕⲉϩⲱⲓⲣⲓ, AM |
| 79 | 155 ⲁϥⲫⲟⲛϩϥ ⲉⲛⲁϯⲩⲁⲝⲓⲥ, Mus 35 28 ⲁϥⲫ. ⲉⲛⲏ |
| 80 | ⲉⲧⲥⲟⲛϩ, C 88 272 ⲁⲡⲉϥϩⲏⲧ ⲫ. ⲉⲭⲱ ⲛⲥⲱϥ ⲛϯⲧⲁⲝⲓⲥ; |
| 81 | ⲉϫⲟⲩⲛ ⲉ • Is 38 2 ⲫⲉⲛϩ- (S ⲕⲩⲟ ⲉ) ⲧⲟϭ. ⲡⲟⲟϩ Va |
| 82 | 63 104 ⲫ... enineonaney; ⲉϧⲣⲏⲓ ⲉ- ⲤⲙⲐ ⲉⲩⲫ. |
| 83 | ⲉϧ. ⲉⲛⲓⲉⲡⲓⲟⲩⲙⲓⲁ : ⲥ exen-, upon, toward: |
| 84 | Jer 2( nw. ⲛ-) ⲉⲧϭ. ⲉⲧ, Hos 12 14 (4 ⲡⲱϩⲧ |
| 85 | ⲁϫⲛ-) dxyéay dnd; ⲥ ⲥⲁⲃⲟⲗ ⲡ-, away from: 2 |
| 86 | Tim } 15(S diff) ⲧⲟϭ. acc, Ps 12 2(S ⲕⲱ. ⲛⲥⲁⲃ.) |
| 87 | Is1 15 (SF ⲕⲧⲟ), dnoo. dnd; ⲥ Ba-, from: Ez 39 |
| 88 | 23 ⲉⲧⲟⲟ. ⲩ ⲥ Ben-, in: Cat 113 ⲟⲩⲙⲱⲓⲧ ⲉϥⲫ. |
| 89 | ϭⲉⲡⲡⲓϫⲓⲛⲙⲟϣⲓ where a turmng in road, C 43 197 |
| 90 | ⲁϥⲫ. ϧⲉⲛⲡⲉϥⲓⲛⲓ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ S., from: Ac13 8(S nro ⲉⲃ. |
| 91 | ϩⲡ-) daa. dnd; AM 131 ⲫ. eb. Sennsgesaw: of |
| page 532 · printed p. 515 | |
| 92 | [running head] ⲫⲱⲛⲇ ⲫⲱϫⲓ |
| 93 | --- column a --- |
| 94 | 5 |
| 95 | idols; ⲛϭⲣⲕⲓ 8., in: BSG 242 ⲗⲟⲅⲓⲥⲙⲟⲥ ⲫ. ns. |
| 96 | ⲛϧⲏⲧϥ ⲥ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ga-, from: Deu 7 ⲫⲓ‐ |
| 97 | ordras dmd ; ⲥ ϩⲓ‐- toward: Nu 24 ⲓ (S uw. ⲉ-) |
| 98 | awoo. «fs; ⲥ orxen-, upon: Ez 4 8(S ⲡ. ⲉⲃⲟⲗ |
| 99 | ϩ.) ϭ. én; |
| 100 | With following adverb. ⲥ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ, outward, away: |
| 101 | Lu 23 2(S ϣⲧⲟⲣⲧⲣ) ⲉ. Lev 13 36(S nwpwy eax; |
| 102 | Ex 32 25 (S ϫⲱⲱⲣⲉ ⲉⲃ.) Saoneddlav; AM 325 ⲫ. |
| 103 | ⲛⲓⲙⲡⲣⲟⲥⲧⲁⲅⲙⲁ ⲉⲃ. ⲥ ⲉⲫⲁϩⲟⲩ, backward: Jo 20 |
| 104 | 14 (S ⲕⲱ.) 0. els 7d dnlow, Is 42 17 (S ⲕⲧⲟ) dmoo. |
| 105 | els ⲧⲁ. Ge 9 23(S diff) onwofodavis; Miss 4 158 |
| 106 | ⲁⲡⲉϥϩⲟ ⲫ. ⲉ. Mor 19 g9 S ϭⲱⲟⲩϭ ⲛⲥⲁⲛ.• ⲥ |
| 107 | ⲉϭⲟϥⲡ, in (0, toward: 2 Chr . éow clvas. |
| 108 | —— nn m, turning: Pro 1 3 (SA ⲛⲧⲟ) orpody, |
| 109 | Hos ⲓϩ (4 ⲥⲱⲕ ⲁϩⲟⲩⲛ) ovo. Ez 18 34(S ϭⲱⲱⲙⲉ) |
| 110 | Suaorpdd.; 1b §(S do) oxoAdrys; Ac 27 20(S = |
| 111 | Gk) xed (cf 18, but var both ⲫⲱⲛ). |
| 112 | ⲁⲧⲫ., unalterable: CaiEuch 473 drpenros; ⲙⲉ‐ |
| 113 | ⲁⲧⲫ.; ⲓⲃ 459 incarnate ϧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲙ. ⲱϩ (¢f ⲙⲏⲧ‐ |
| 114 | ⲁⲧⲡⲱⲱⲛⲉ). |
| 115 | ϫⲓⲡⲫ., change, alteration: DeV 2 47 ⲧⲟⲩⲙⲉⲩⲁ‐ |
| 116 | ⲃⲟⲗⲏ ⲡⲉⲙⲧⲟⲩϫ., Miss 4 93 ⲡⲓϫⲓⲛⲫⲉⲛϩ ⲛⲓⲥⲁϫⲓ |
| 117 | change (in sense) of words. |
| 118 | ⲫⲟⲛϩⲥ nn, change: Va 38 193 when drunk seest |
| 119 | all things ⲉⲩϭⲓ ⲫ. ϧⲁⲣⲟⲕ = Ⲣ 131* 117 5 ϫⲓ ⲡⲱ‐ |
| 120 | ⲱⲛⲉⲥ ⲧⲉⲣⲓⲫ̃ⲟⲉϭⲥ. Ⲕ 128, 132 (or ? imperat) as |
| 121 | rubric, opposite Ps quoted, meaning doubtful, |
| 122 | 2 translate. |
| 123 | ⲫⲱⲛϫ, genx-, Yonxsz, ⲫⲟⲛϫ B vb tr, over- |
| 124 | throw, destroy: Job 28 ⲓⲟ (var ⲫⲱⲣϫ, S ⲡⲱϩ) ⲣϥ- |
| 125 | yvivai, Ps 88 45(S pogt)xarap.; Jer 29 19(S ϣⲟⲣ‐ |
| 126 | wp), Mt 21 12(S do)karaorpédewv; Ⲣⲅⲟ ⲃ 14(Sso- |
| 127 | ⲟⲙⲉ, A says) dao.; Ge 19 29 éxrpifecbac; Ps 88 |
| 128 | 40(S ⲧⲁⲩⲟ egpat)xadaspeiv; Lam 2 5(SShC73 78, |
| 129 | F ⲱⲙⲥ) karamovrilev; AM 324 ⲁϥⲫ. ⲙⲡⲉϥⲑⲣⲟ‐ |
| 130 | ⲛⲟⲥ ϧⲁⲣⲟϥ. C ⲑ ⲓⲟ ⲁⲫϯ ⲫⲟⲛϫϥ ϧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲓⲏⲥ, EW |
| 131 | 42 ⲁϥⲫ. ⲙⲡϩⲏⲧ [ⲛⲡⲓⲣⲱ]ⲙⲓ = Horae Semit 3 57 |
| 132 | ada 3d; ⲥ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ: Pro 7 21(S ⲑⲓⲟ ⲉⲃ.) éfoxél- ϯ |
| 133 | Aav; AM 193 ⲁϥⲫⲟⲛϫⲥ eb. upset table; as nn |
| 134 | : |
| 135 | m: Pro 2 14 (SA om) ⲑⲟⲧⲣⲟⲫϯ, Hos 8 ⲧⲉⲕⲟ) |
| 136 | Kxarac. |
| 137 | dane-B ⲟ nwwne. |
| 138 | DWP ⲃ ⲉ ⲛⲱⲱⲣⲥ. |
| 139 | ⲫⲟⲣⲓ ⲃ ⲟ ⲃⲱⲣⲉ. |
| 140 | ⲫⲱⲣⲕ Bnn ⲟ ⲡⲟⲣⲕ pallium. i |
| 141 | --- column b --- |
| 142 | 5 |
| 143 | ⲫⲟⲣⲡⲉⲣ, ⲫⲉⲣⲫⲱⲣϩ, ⲫⲉⲣⲫⲱⲣ ⲣⲥ ⲫⲟⲣⲫⲉⲣ- |
| 144 | ⲫⲁⲣⲡ., ⲡⲁⲣⲫ. B vb tr, open, loosen: Ge 44 11 (var |
| 145 | oywn)dvoiyar; CDan 90 ⲁⲩⲫⲉⲣⲫⲱⲣⲧ ⲁⲩⲭⲁⲧ es- |
| 146 | ⲣⲏⲓ Adew, Lev 13 467 (S ⲃⲉⲣⲃⲱⲣ) wapad.; Vabl |
| 147 | 18 made dwelling ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ϧⲉⲡϩⲁⲡⲱⲛⲓ ⲛⲫ. £npsAibos |
| 148 | (ⲟⲅ ⲕⲃⲟ Anal Boll 46 183); ⲥ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ: Deu |
| 149 | 22 17(S ϭⲱⲗⲛ ⲉⲃ.) dvanrriooew; intr: N&E 39 |
| 150 | 343 sack's mouth ⲫ. ⲉⲃ. ⲣⲥ vis (where ford |
| 151 | 144 158 144). |
| 152 | ϣⲟⲣⲥ B vb tr, break up (2): C 86 13 earth ⲉⲩⲫ. |
| 153 | ⲙⲙⲟϥ ⲙⲡⲓϩⲉⲃⲓ (¢f PKerameus Zuddoys 165 yi) ⲧⲉ‐ |
| 154 | pvopévy). |
| 155 | ⲫⲟⲣϣⲓ ⲃ © ⲡⲱⲣϣ.. |
| 156 | ⲫⲉⲣϫ ⲣⲟ ⲃ ⲟ ⲡⲱⲗϭ IX, ⲕⲱⲣϫ. |
| 157 | ⲫⲁⲥⲫⲉⲥ B ⲡ as pl, wiles: MG 25 317 ⲧⲡⲁⲡ‐ |
| 158 | ⲟⲩⲣⲅⲓⲁ ⲡⲛⲟⲩⲫ. ⲡⲭⲣⲟϥ (ROC 17 352 ⲒⲀ3o. |
| 159 | ⲛⲑⲟ). |
| 160 | ⲫⲁⲧⲥⲓ B © ⲡⲱⲧⲥ (natce). |
| 161 | ⲫⲟⲧⲥⲓ ⲃ ⲟ ϥⲱϭⲉ (ϥⲟⲧⲥ). |
| 162 | ⲫⲏⲧⲧⲉ, ⲫⲉ. B ⲟ ⲡⲓⲧⲉ. |
| 163 | ⲫⲁϣⲓ ⲟ ⲡⲱϣ ⲡⲁϣⲉ). |
| 164 | (ⲫⲱϣⲉⲙ), dau aszBvbtr, meaning unknown: |
| 165 | C 86 172 ⲛⲓⲅⲉⲛⲧⲉⲣⲓⲟⲛ (¢f K 106 ⲕⲉⲛⲩⲉⲣⲓ ⲓ.. |
| 166 | BIF 1 130) ⲁⲩⲫⲁϣⲙⲉϥ ϧⲉⲛⲛⲓⲡⲗⲁⲧⲓⲁ paraded (2) |
| 167 | him in streets among traders, |
| 168 | ⲫⲁϣⲛⲓ, ⲫⲟϣⲛⲉϥ B ϩⲩ ⲡⲱϣⲛ sf. |
| 169 | ⲫⲉϧ B nn m, melon: ⲃⲟ 325 152 mip. |
| 170 | Confused with ϫⲉⲙⲫⲉϩ. |
| 171 | ⲫⲱϧ, pnd B ⲟ ⲡⲱϩ break. |
| 172 | ϯ ⲫⲱϭϧⲓ B nn ⲡⲓ, shark: Bodl 325 159 mi. (3 |
| 173 | ⲓ̇ |
| 174 | ) (but K 171 ‘3 is ⲡⲓⲧⲟ(ⲩ)ⲕⲉⲗⲟⲡⲏ ie domdoxeAwry |
| 175 | D’Arcy Thompson). |
| 176 | ⲫⲱϧⲉⲛ, ⲫⲟ. B nn as pl, covering-, roofing- |
| 177 | planks: P54 158 Sykes, Geol K 156 wid. |
| 178 | ϩ |
| 179 | p= Ϥ︦. ¢y Syrian planks. Cf ? Bwpn., |
| 180 | ⲫⲁϧⲉⲣ ⲫⲁϧⲣⲓ B ϩ ⲣ 228. |
| 181 | ⲫⲱϫⲓ B ⲟ ⲛⲱⲝⲉ. |
| 182 | ⲫⲱϫⲓ B nn as pl, a fish: BMOr 8775 136 ⲛⲓⲫ. |
| 183 | 14 32). |
Provenance
- title
- Crum, A Coptic Dictionary (1939) — section ⲫ
- dialect
- mixed
- source
- corpus/incoming/crum/text/crum-1939-15-ⲫ.txt (staged 2026-09-29 by W5-CRUM, tools/crum_stage.py; provenance in corpus/incoming/crum/README.md and STAGING.md); OCR by tools/batch_ocr.py (W5, 2026-09-10) of corpus/incoming/crum/CRUM_Ocr.pdf
- licence
- public domain in Canada (author died ≤ 1971, verified; LICENCES.md §7) — US position (recorded, does not gate the class; PD-CA 2026-09-26): US: published 1939, © OUP 1939 — check renewal/URAA before any US-facing use · CR-1 (Yousef 2026-09-29): PD-CANADA, TEXT ONLY — the 1939 dictionary pages are filed; the scan is of the 2000 Sandpiper reprint, whose own front matter (PDF pp. 1–2) is left out; the page images are not redistributed
- share
- public
- attribution
- Crum – A Coptic Dictionary (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1939; scan of the 2000 Sandpiper Books special edition); public domain in Canada (death year verified: Crum d.1944 (corpus/scan_copyright.csv rows koptischerechtsu00crum and CanonsOfAthanasiusOfAlexandria, citing en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walter_Ewing_Crum); title page PDF 1; imprint PDF 2 (OCR corpus/incoming/crum/ocr_root pages/0002.txt): "© Oxford University Press 1939 … Special edition for Sandpiper Books Ltd., 2000 … All rights reserved"; scan source archive.org item CopticEnglishDictionary (corpus/incoming/crum/STAGING.md §4) · note (PROPOSED-scan_copyright-CRUM.csv): Ruling CR-1 (Yousef 2026-09-29): PD-CANADA TEXT ONLY — file the 1939 dictionary pages; leave the 2000 reprint's own front matter out; note the imprint in the headers. Staged set corpus/incoming/crum/text (24 docs, 971 pp)); OCR text by the Kemetic project, Yousef Hanna 2026.
- OCR
- tesseract coptic+eng (models/coptic.traineddata as installed at run time: the run was 2026-09-10 10:57–2026-09-10 11:38, v2 replaced the model at 19:03 that day per the models/ file times and REPORT-A3a §1, so this is v1 of 2026-09-08 — inferred from times, meta.json records only "coptic+eng"), 300 dpi, psm 3, 971 of 971 pages, mean word confidence 74.0 (Tesseract's own figure, NOT a CER — CLAUDE.md §1.3). Run by worker W5 with tools/batch_ocr.py. Work area: ~/Documents/Egypt/Corpus/L0/ocr/Incoming/CRUM_Ocr/ (pages/, hOCR). Known failure: the BOLD headword face is often read as Latin (`anag` for ⲁⲛⲁϩ) — REPORT-W5 §9, REPORT-A3a §6. · accuracy: no CER exists for this book. Measured by eye (REPORT-W5 §6, two dictionary pages): 23 of 26 main entries found, 20 of 23 headword strings exact — not a CER.
- file
- Reference/Dictionaries/Crum – A Coptic Dictionary (1939)/crum-1939-15-ⲫ.ocr.L0.txt
L0 witness (OCR)
Cite as:
Crum, A Coptic Dictionary (1939) — section ⲫ. corpus/incoming/crum/text/crum-1939-15-ⲫ.txt (staged 2026-09-29 by W5-CRUM, tools/crum_stage.py; provenance in corpus/incoming/crum/README.md and STAGING.md); OCR by tools/batch_ocr.py (W5, 2026-09-10) of corpus/incoming/crum/CRUM_Ocr.pdf. Layers as published by the Kemetic project (Yousef Hanna), 2026: Coptic · Cairene · Kemetic, /doc/reference/dictionaries/crum-a-coptic-dictionary-1939/crum-1939-15.ocr/. Crum – A Coptic Dictionary (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1939; scan of the 2000 Sandpiper Books special edition); public domain in Canada (death year verified: Crum d.1944 (corpus/scan_copyright.csv rows koptischerechtsu00crum and CanonsOfAthanasiusOfAlexandria, citing en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walter_Ewing_Crum); title page PDF 1; imprint PDF 2 (OCR corpus/incoming/crum/ocr_root pages/0002.txt): "© Oxford University Press 1939 … Special edition for Sandpiper Books Ltd., 2000 … All rights reserved"; scan source archive.org item CopticEnglishDictionary (corpus/incoming/crum/STAGING.md §4) · note (PROPOSED-scan_copyright-CRUM.csv): Ruling CR-1 (Yousef 2026-09-29): PD-CANADA TEXT ONLY — file the 1939 dictionary pages; leave the 2000 reprint's own front matter out; note the imprint in the headers. Staged set corpus/incoming/crum/text (24 docs, 971 pp)); OCR text by the Kemetic project, Yousef Hanna 2026.
What the layers are
The text as its witness or edition has it, original spelling; its dialect is a description and is never standardized.
For Egyptian texts: the transliteration with the editors' marks turned into the symbols ° * < > _ ^ (ruled 2026-09-10). For papyri: the edition's Leiden marks as the same symbols, and the editors' readings beside the scribe's as ‹scribe→editors› (ruled PAP-3).
Standardized Greco-Bohairic spelling and grammar, generated by code from the layer above under the rulings of the project.
The Kemetic alphabet, generated by code from L1.
Quoted translations where they exist, credited; otherwise model drafts, marked as drafts.