Source and licence
share: attributionsahidicSource: Coptic SCRIPTORIUM corpus "sahidic.ot", document 21_Ecclesiastes_04
Attribution: Ecclesiastes 4 from Coptic SCRIPTORIUM (https://copticscriptorium.org), corpus sahidic.ot, document 21_Ecclesiastes_04, version 6.1.0 (2025-06-30), annotations by Frank Feder, So Miyagawa, Elizabeth Platte, Caroline T. Schroeder, Amir Zeldes; source edition Crosswire, CoptOT. Licensed CC BY-SA 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/); this derivative is released under the same licence. CoptOT / Göttingen Digital Edition of the Coptic Old Testament, via Crosswire; English translation Brenton 1851 (ebible.org). Layers L1/L2 are modified: re-spelled (Cairene) / transliterated (Kemetic) by the Kemetic project, Yousef Hanna 2026.
Licence: CC-BY-SA 4.0
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0
The text
17 lines · a line number is a link to itselfEnglish: quoted translations are shown as they are, with their credit in the provenance; lines marked draft are language-model drafts made for this project (to be corrected), and alignment unchecked marks a quoted verse whose placement was not cross-checked. Check the Coptic before relying on any English line.
| ref | L0 witness | L1 Cairene | L2 Kemetic | English |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4:1 | ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁⲓⲕⲧⲟⲓ ⲁⲛⲟⲕ ⲁⲓⲛⲁⲩ ⲙⲙⲛⲧⲗⲁ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ ⲛⲧⲁⲩϣⲱⲡⲉ ϩⲁⲣⲟϥ ⲙⲡⲣⲏ ⲉⲓⲥ ⲧⲣⲙⲉⲓⲏ ⲛⲛⲉⲧⲟⲩϩⲓⲗⲁ ⲉⲣⲟⲟⲩ ⲁⲩⲱ ⲛϥϣⲟⲟⲡ ⲁⲛ ⲛϭⲓⲡⲉⲧⲛⲁⲥⲗⲥⲱⲗⲟⲩ ⲛⲧⲟⲟⲩ ⲛⲉⲧⲟⲩⲛⲁϩⲓⲗⲁ ⲉⲣⲟⲟⲩ ϩⲛⲟⲩϭⲟⲙ ⲁⲩⲱ ⲙⲛⲡⲉⲧⲛⲁⲥⲗⲥⲱⲗⲟⲩ | ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁⲓⲕⲧⲟⲓ ⲁⲛⲟⲕ ⲁⲓⲛⲁⲩ ⲛ̀ⲙ̀ⲛⲧⲗⲁ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ ⲉ̀ⲧⲁⲩϣⲱⲡⲓ ϧⲁⲣⲟϥ ⲛ̀ⲡ̀ⲣⲏ ⲓⲥ ⲧ̀ⲣⲙⲉⲓⲏ ⲛ̀ⲛⲉⲧⲟⲩϩⲓⲗⲁ ⲉ̀ⲣⲱⲟⲩ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛ̀ϥϣⲟⲡ ⲁⲛ ⲛ̀ϫⲉ ⲡⲉⲧⲛⲁⲥⲗⲥⲱⲗⲟⲩ ⲛ̀ⲑⲱⲟⲩ ⲛⲉⲧⲟⲩⲛⲁϩⲓⲗⲁ ⲉ̀ⲣⲱⲟⲩ ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩϫⲟⲙ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲡⲉⲧⲛⲁⲥⲗⲥⲱⲗⲟⲩ | ouoh aiktoi anok ainav ǹm̀ntla tyrou ètavṡōpi xarof ǹp̀ry is t̀rmeiy ǹnetouhila èrōou ouoh ǹfṡop an ǹje petnaslsōlou ǹθōou netounahila èrōou xen ougom ouoh nem petnaslsōlou | So I returned, and saw all the oppressions that were done under the sun: and behold the tear of the oppressed, and they had no comforter; and on the side of them that oppressed them was power; but they had no comforter: |
| 4:2 | ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁⲛⲟⲕ ⲁⲓⲧⲙⲁⲓⲉ ⲛⲉⲛⲧⲁⲩⲙⲟⲩ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ ⲛⲉⲛⲧⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱ ⲉⲩⲙⲟⲩ ⲉϩⲟⲩⲉ ⲛⲉⲧⲟⲛϩ ⲛⲉⲧⲟⲛϩ ⲛϩⲏⲧⲟⲩ ϣⲁⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩ | ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁⲛⲟⲕ ⲁⲓⲧⲙⲁⲓⲉ ⲛⲉⲧⲁⲩⲙⲟⲩ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ ⲛⲉⲧⲁⲩⲟⲩⲱ ⲉⲩⲙⲟⲩ ⲉ̀ϩⲟⲧⲉ ⲛⲉⲧⲟⲛϧ ⲛⲉⲧⲟⲛϧ ⲛ̀ϧⲏⲧⲟⲩ ϣⲁ ϯⲛⲟⲩ | ouoh anok aitmaie netavmou tyrou netavouō evmou èhote netonx netonx ǹxytou ṡa tinou | and I praised all the dead that had already died more than the living, as many as are alive until now. |
| 4:3 | ⲁⲩⲱ ⲟⲩⲁⲅⲁⲑⲟⲥ ⲉϩⲟⲩⲉ ⲡⲓⲥⲛⲁⲩ ⲡⲉ ⲛϭⲓⲡⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉϥϣⲱⲡⲉ ⲣⲱ ⲙⲡⲉϥⲛⲁⲩ ⲉⲡⲧⲁⲙⲓⲟ ⲧⲏⲣϥ ⲙⲡⲟⲛⲏⲣⲟⲛ ⲛⲧⲁϥϣⲱⲡⲉ ϩⲁⲣⲟϥ ⲙⲡⲣⲏ | ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲟⲩⲁ̀ⲅⲁⲑⲟⲥ ⲉ̀ϩⲟⲧⲉ ⲡⲁⲓⲥ̀ⲛⲁⲩ ⲡⲉ ⲛ̀ϫⲉ ⲡⲉⲧⲉⲙ̀ⲡⲉϥϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲣⲱ ⲙ̀ⲡⲉϥⲛⲁⲩ ⲉ̀ⲡ̀ⲑⲁⲙⲓⲟ ⲧⲏⲣϥ ⲛ̀ⲡⲟⲛⲏⲣⲟⲛ ⲉⲧⲁϥϣⲱⲡⲓ ϧⲁⲣⲟϥ ⲛ̀ⲡ̀ⲣⲏ | ouoh ouàġaθos èhote pais̀nav pe ǹje petem̀pefṡōpi rō m̀pefnav èp̀θamio tyrf ǹponyron etafṡōpi xarof ǹp̀ry | Better also than both these is he who has not yet been, who has not seen all the evil work that is done under the sun. |
| 4:4 | ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁⲛⲟⲕ ⲁⲓⲛⲁⲩ ⲉⲡϩⲓⲥⲉ ⲧⲏⲣϥ ⲁⲩⲱ ⲉⲧⲙⲛⲧϫⲱⲱⲣⲉ ⲧⲏⲣⲥ ⲙⲡⲧⲁⲙⲓⲟ ϫⲉⲡⲕⲱϩ ⲙⲡⲣⲱⲙⲉ ⲉϥϣⲟⲟⲡ ⲛⲁϥ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲓⲧⲙⲡⲉϥϣⲃⲏⲣ ⲁⲩⲱ ⲡⲁⲓ ⲟⲩⲡⲉⲧϣⲟⲩⲉⲓⲧ ⲡⲉ ⲁⲩⲱ ⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱϣ ⲙⲡⲛⲉⲩⲙⲁ | ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁⲛⲟⲕ ⲁⲓⲛⲁⲩ ⲉ̀ⲡ̀ϧⲓⲥⲓ ⲧⲏⲣϥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉ̀ⲧ̀ⲙⲉⲧϫⲱⲣ ⲧⲏⲣⲥ ⲛ̀ⲡ̀ⲑⲁⲙⲓⲟ ϫⲉ ⲡ̀ⲭⲟϩ ⲛ̀ⲡ̀ⲣⲱⲙⲓ ⲉϥϣⲟⲡ ⲛⲁϥ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲓⲧⲉⲛ ⲡⲉϥϣ̀ⲫⲏⲣ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲫⲁⲓ ⲟⲩⲡⲉⲧϣⲟⲩⲓⲧ ⲡⲉ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱϣ ⲛ̀ⲡ̀ⲛⲉⲩⲙⲁ | ouoh anok ainav èp̀xisi tyrf ouoh èt̀metgōr tyrs ǹp̀θamio je p̀koh ǹp̀rōmi efṡop naf èvol hiten pefṡ̀fyr ouoh fai oupetṡouit pe ouoh ououōṡ ǹp̀nevma | And I saw all labour, and all the diligent work, that this is a man's envy from his neighbour. This is also vanity and waywardness of spirit. |
| 4:5 | ⲡⲁⲧϩⲏⲧ ⲁϥⲕⲧⲟ ⲉⲣⲟϥ ⲛⲛⲉϥϭⲓϫ ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ ⲛⲛⲉϥⲥⲁⲣⲝ | ⲡ̀ⲁⲧϩⲏⲧ ⲁϥⲕⲧⲟ ⲉ̀ⲣⲟϥ ⲛ̀ⲛⲉϥϫⲓϫ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁϥⲟⲩⲱⲙ ⲛ̀ⲛⲉϥⲥⲁⲣⲝ | p̀at·hyt afkto èrof ǹnefjig ouoh afouōm ǹnefsarks | The fool folds his hands together, and eats his own flesh. |
| 4:6 | ⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩ ⲡⲙⲟⲩϩ ⲛⲟⲩϭⲓϫ ⲛⲙⲧⲟⲛ ⲉϩⲟⲩⲉ ⲉⲡⲙⲟⲩϩ ⲛⲧϭⲓϫ ⲥⲛⲧⲉ ϩⲉⲛϩⲓⲥⲉ ϩⲛⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱϣ ⲙⲡⲛⲉⲩⲙⲁ | ⲛⲁⲛⲉ ⲡ̀ⲙⲟϩ ⲛⲟⲩϫⲓϫ ⲛ̀ⲙ̀ⲧⲟⲛ ⲉϩⲟⲩⲉ ⲉ̀ⲡ̀ⲙⲟϩ ⲛ̀ⲧ̀ϫⲓϫ ⲥ̀ⲛⲟⲩϯ ϩⲁⲛϧⲓⲥⲓ ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱϣ ⲛ̀ⲡ̀ⲛⲉⲩⲙⲁ | nane p̀moh noujig ǹm̀ton ehoue èp̀moh ǹt̀jig s̀nouti hanxisi xen ououōṡ ǹp̀nevma | Better is a handful of rest than two handfuls of trouble and waywardness of spirit. |
| 4:7 | ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁⲓⲕⲧⲟⲓ ⲁⲛⲟⲕ ⲉⲩⲙⲛⲧⲡⲉⲧϣⲟⲩⲉⲓⲧ ϩⲁⲣⲟϥ ⲙⲡⲣⲏ | ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲁⲓⲕⲧⲟⲓ ⲁⲛⲟⲕ ⲉ̀ⲟⲩⲙ̀ⲛⲧⲡⲉⲧϣⲟⲩⲉⲓⲧ ϧⲁⲣⲟϥ ⲛ̀ⲡ̀ⲣⲏ | ouoh aiktoi anok èoum̀ntpetṡoueit xarof ǹp̀ry | So I returned, and saw vanity under the sun. |
| 4:8 | ⲟⲩⲛ ⲟⲩⲁ ϣⲟⲟⲡ ⲁⲩⲱ ⲙⲡⲕⲉⲟⲩⲁ ϣⲟⲟⲡ ⲁⲛ ⲁⲩⲱ ⲙⲛϩⲁⲏ ϣⲟⲟⲡ ⲛⲁϥ ϩⲙⲡⲉϥϩⲓⲥⲉ ⲧⲏⲣϥ ⲁⲩⲱ ⲡⲉϥⲃⲁⲗ ⲙⲡⲉϥⲥⲉⲓ ⲙⲙⲛⲧⲣⲙⲙⲁⲟ ⲁⲛⲟⲕ ϭⲉ ⲉⲓϩⲟⲥⲉ ⲛⲛⲓⲙ ⲁⲩⲱ ⲉⲧⲃⲉⲟⲩ ⲉⲓⲛⲁⲕⲁ ⲧⲁⲯⲩⲭⲏ ⲉⲥϣⲁⲁⲧ ⲛⲗⲁⲁⲩ ⲛⲟⲩⲛⲟϥ ⲁⲩⲱ ⲡⲁⲓ ⲟⲩⲡⲉⲧϣⲟⲩⲉⲓⲧ ⲡⲉ ⲁⲩⲱ ⲟⲩⲡⲉⲣⲓⲥⲡⲁⲥⲙⲟⲥ ⲙⲡⲟⲛⲏⲣⲟⲛ ⲡⲉ | ⲟⲩⲟⲛ ⲟⲩⲁⲓ ϣⲟⲡ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛ̀ⲡ̀ⲕⲉⲟⲩⲁⲓ ϣⲟⲡ ⲁⲛ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲙ̀ⲙⲟⲛ ϩⲁⲏ ϣⲟⲡ ⲛⲁϥ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲉϥϧⲓⲥⲓ ⲧⲏⲣϥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲉϥⲃⲁⲗ ⲙ̀ⲡⲉϥⲥⲓ ⲛ̀ⲙ̀ⲛⲧⲣⲙⲙⲁⲟ ⲁⲛⲟⲕ ϭⲉ ⲉⲓϧⲟⲥⲓ ⲛ̀ⲛⲓⲙ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲉⲑⲃⲉ ⲟⲩ ⲉⲓⲛⲁⲕⲁ ⲧⲁⲯⲩⲭⲏ ⲉⲥϣⲁⲁⲧ ⲛ̀ⲗⲁⲁⲩ ⲛ̀ⲟⲩⲛⲟϥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲫⲁⲓ ⲟⲩⲡⲉⲧϣⲟⲩⲓⲧ ⲡⲉ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲟⲩⲡⲉⲣⲓⲥⲡⲁⲥⲙⲟⲥ ⲛ̀ⲡⲟⲛⲏⲣⲟⲛ ⲡⲉ | ouon ouai ṡop ouoh ǹp̀keouai ṡop an ouoh m̀mon hay ṡop naf xen pefxisi tyrf ouoh pefval m̀pefsi ǹm̀ntrmmao anok ċe eixosi ǹnim ouoh eθve ou einaka tapsiṡy esṡaat ǹlaav ǹounof ouoh fai oupetṡouit pe ouoh ouperispasmos ǹponyron pe | There is one alone, and there is not a second; yea, he has neither son nor brother: yet there is no end to all his labour; neither is his eye satisfied with wealth; and for whom do I labour, and deprive my soul of good? this is also vanity, and an evil trouble. |
| 4:9 | ⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩ ⲡⲉⲥⲛⲁⲩ ⲉϩⲟⲩⲉ ⲉⲡⲟⲩⲁ ⲛⲁⲓ ⲉⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩⲡⲉⲩⲃⲉⲕⲉ ⲛⲁⲩ ϩⲙⲡⲉⲩϩⲓⲥⲉ | ⲛⲁⲛⲉ ⲡ̀ⲥ̀ⲛⲁⲩ ⲉϩⲟⲩⲉ ⲉ̀ⲡ̀ⲟⲩⲁⲓ ⲛⲁⲓ ⲉⲛⲁⲛⲉⲡⲟⲩⲃⲉⲭⲉ ⲛⲱⲟⲩ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲟⲩϧⲓⲥⲓ | nane p̀·s̀nav ehoue èp̀ouai nai enanepouveke nōou xen pouxisi | Two are better than one, seeing they have a good reward for their labour. |
| 4:10 | ϫⲉⲉⲩϣⲁⲛϩⲉ ⲡⲟⲩⲁ ⲛⲁϯ ⲧⲟⲟⲧϥ ⲙⲡⲉϥϣⲃⲏⲣ ⲟⲩⲟⲓ ⲇⲉ ⲛⲁϥ ⲡⲟⲩⲁ ⲉϥϣⲁⲛϩⲉ ⲙⲡⲙⲉϩⲥⲛⲁⲩ ϣⲟⲟⲡ ⲁⲛ ⲉⲧⲣⲉϥⲧⲟⲩⲛⲟⲥϥ | ϫⲉ ⲁⲩϣⲁⲛϩⲉⲓ ⲡ̀ⲟⲩⲁⲓ ⲛⲁϯ ⲧⲟⲟⲧϥ ⲛ̀ⲡⲉϥϣ̀ⲫⲏⲣ ⲟⲩⲟⲓ ⲇⲉ ⲛⲁϥ ⲡ̀ⲟⲩⲁⲓ ⲁϥϣⲁⲛϩⲉⲓ ⲛ̀ⲡ̀ⲙⲉϩⲥⲛⲁⲩ ϣⲟⲡ ⲁⲛ ⲉ̀ⲑⲣⲉϥⲧⲟⲩⲛⲟⲥϥ | je avṡanhei p̀ouai nati tootf ǹpefṡ̀fyr ouoi ḋe naf p̀ouai afṡanhei ǹp̀mehsnav ṡop an èθreftounosf | For if they fall, the one will lift up his fellow: but woe to him that is alone when he falls, and there is not a second to lift him up. |
| 4:11 | ⲁⲩⲱ ⲟⲛ ⲉⲣϣⲁⲛⲡⲉⲥⲛⲁⲩ ⲛⲕⲟⲧⲕ ⲟⲩⲛⲟⲩⲟⲩⲛⲟϥ ⲛⲁϣⲱⲡⲉ ⲛⲁⲩ ⲛϩⲙⲙⲉ ⲡⲟⲩⲁ ⲇⲉ ⲛⲧⲟϥ ⲉϥⲛⲁϩⲙⲟⲙ ⲛⲁϣ ⲛϩⲉ | ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲟⲛ ⲉⲣϣⲁⲛⲡ̀ⲥ̀ⲛⲁⲩ ⲉⲛⲕⲟⲧ ⲟⲩⲟⲛ ⲟⲩⲟⲩⲛⲟϥ ⲛⲁϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲛⲱⲟⲩ ⲛ̀ϩⲙⲙⲉ ⲡ̀ⲟⲩⲁⲓ ⲇⲉ ⲛ̀ⲑⲟϥ ⲉϥⲛⲁϧⲙⲟⲙ ⲛ̀ⲁϣ ⲛ̀ⲣⲏϯ | ouoh on erṡanp̀·s̀nav enkot ouon ouounof naṡōpi nōou ǹhmme p̀ouai ḋe ǹθof efnaxmom ǹaṡ ǹryti | Also if two should lie together, they also get heat: but how shall one be warmed alone? |
| 4:12 | ⲁⲩⲱ ⲣϣⲁⲛⲡⲟⲩⲁ ⲧⲱⲕ ⲡⲉⲥⲛⲁⲩ ⲛⲁⲁϩⲉⲣⲁⲧⲟⲩ ⲙⲡⲉϥⲙⲧⲟ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲁⲩⲱ ⲡϩⲱⲥ ⲉⲧⲟ ⲛϣⲟⲙⲛⲧ ⲛⲣⲟ ⲛϥⲛⲁϭⲉⲡⲏ ⲁⲛ ⲉⲥⲱⲗⲡ | ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲣϣⲁⲛⲡ̀ⲟⲩⲁⲓ ⲧⲱⲕ ⲡ̀ⲥ̀ⲛⲁⲩ ⲛⲁⲁϩⲉⲣⲁⲧⲟⲩ ⲛ̀ⲡⲉϥⲙ̀ⲑⲟ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡ̀ϩⲱⲥ ⲉⲧⲟⲓ ⲛ̀ϣⲟⲙⲧ ⲛ̀ⲣⲟ ⲛ̀ϥⲛⲁϭⲉⲡⲏ ⲁⲛ ⲉ̀ⲥⲱⲗⲡ | ouoh rṡanp̀ouai tōk p̀·s̀nav naaheratou ǹpefm̀θo èvol ouoh p̀hōs etoi ǹṡomt ǹro ǹfnaċepy an èsōlp | And if one should prevail against him, the two shall withstand him; and a threefold cord shall not be quickly broken. |
| 4:13 | ⲟⲩⲁⲕⲁⲑⲟⲥ ⲡⲉ ⲟⲩϣⲏⲣⲉ ϣⲏⲙ ⲛϩⲏⲕⲉ ⲛⲥⲟⲫⲟⲥ ⲉϩⲟⲩⲉ ⲟⲩⲣⲣⲟ ⲛϩⲉⲗⲗⲟ ⲁⲩⲱ ⲛⲁⲧϩⲏⲧ ⲙⲡⲉϥⲉⲓⲙⲉ ⲉⲡⲣⲟⲥⲉⲭⲉ ϭⲉ | ⲟⲩⲁ̀ⲅⲁⲑⲟⲥ ⲡⲉ ⲟⲩϣⲏⲣⲓ ϣⲏⲙ ⲛ̀ϩⲏⲕⲓ ⲛ̀ⲥⲟⲫⲟⲥ ⲉ̀ϩⲟⲧⲉ ⲟⲩⲟⲩⲣⲟ ⲛ̀ϧⲉⲗⲗⲟ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲁⲧϩⲏⲧ ⲙ̀ⲡⲉϥⲉⲙⲓ ⲉ̀ⲡ̀ⲣⲟⲥⲉⲭⲉ ⲟⲩⲛ | ouàġaθos pe ouṡyri ṡym ǹhyki ǹsofos èhote ououro ǹxello ouoh nat·hyt m̀pefemi èp̀roseṡe oun | Better is a poor and wise child than an old and foolish king, who knows not how to take heed any longer. |
| 4:14 | ϫⲉϥⲛⲁⲉⲓ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲙⲡⲏⲓ ⲛⲛⲉⲧⲥⲟⲛϩ ⲉⲧⲣⲉϥⲣⲣⲣⲟ ϩⲛⲧⲉϥⲕⲉⲙⲛⲧⲉⲣⲟ ⲁϥⲣϩⲏⲕⲉ | ϫⲉ ϥ̀ⲛⲁⲓ̀ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡ̀ⲏⲓ ⲛ̀ⲛⲉⲧⲥⲟⲛϩ ⲉ̀ⲑⲣⲉϥⲣⲣⲣⲟ ϧⲉⲛ ⲧⲉϥⲕⲉⲙⲉⲧⲟⲩⲣⲟ ⲁϥⲣϩⲏⲕⲉ | je f̀naì èvol xen p̀yi ǹnetsonh èθrefrrro xen tefkemetouro afrhyke | For he shall come forth out of the house of the prisoners to reign, because he also that was in his kingdom has become poor. |
| 4:15 | ⲁⲓⲛⲁⲩ ϩⲁⲣⲟϥ ⲙⲡⲣⲏ ⲉⲛⲉⲧⲟⲛϩ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ ⲛⲉⲧⲙⲟⲟϣⲉ ⲙⲛⲡⲉⲓϩⲉⲣϣⲓⲣⲉ ⲙⲙⲉϩⲥⲛⲁⲩ ⲡⲁⲓ ⲉϥⲛⲁⲧⲱⲟⲩⲛ ⲉⲡⲉϥⲙⲁ | ⲁⲓⲛⲁⲩ ϧⲁⲣⲟϥ ⲛ̀ⲡ̀ⲣⲏ ⲉ̀ⲛⲉⲧⲟⲛϧ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ ⲛⲉⲧⲙⲟϣⲓ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲡⲁⲓϩⲉⲣϣⲓⲣⲉ ⲛ̀ⲙⲉϩⲥⲛⲁⲩ ⲫⲁⲓ ⲉϥⲛⲁⲧⲱⲟⲩⲛ ⲉ̀ⲡⲉϥⲙⲁ | ainav xarof ǹp̀ry ènetonx tyrou netmoṡi nem paiherṡire ǹmehsnav fai efnatōoun èpefma | I beheld all the living who were walking under the sun, with the second youth who shall stand up in each one's place. |
| 4:16 | ⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲡⲉⲣⲓⲥⲡⲁⲥⲙⲟⲥ ⲁⲛ ⲡⲉ ⲙⲡⲗⲁⲟⲥ ⲛⲉⲛⲧⲁⲩϣⲱⲡⲉ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ ϩⲁⲧⲉϥϩⲓⲏ ⲁⲩⲱ ⲛⲕⲉϩⲁⲉⲉⲩ ⲛⲥⲉⲛⲁⲉⲩⲫⲣⲁⲛⲉ ⲁⲛ ⲉϩⲣⲁⲓ ⲉϫⲱϥ ⲡⲉⲓⲕⲉ ⲟⲩⲡⲉⲧϣⲟⲩⲉⲓⲧ ⲡⲉ ⲁⲩⲱ ⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱϣ ⲡⲉ ⲙⲡⲛⲉⲩⲙⲁ | ⲛ ⲟⲩⲡⲉⲣⲓⲥⲡⲁⲥⲙⲟⲥ ⲁⲛ ⲡⲉ ⲛ̀ⲡⲓⲗⲁⲟⲥ ⲛⲉⲧⲁⲩϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ ϧⲁ ⲡⲉϥⲙⲱⲓⲧ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛ̀ⲕⲉϩⲁⲉⲉⲩ ⲛ̀ⲥⲉⲛⲁⲉⲩⲫⲣⲁⲛⲉ ⲁⲛ ⲉϩⲣⲁⲓ ⲉ̀ϫⲱϥ ⲡⲁⲓⲕⲉ ⲟⲩⲡⲉⲧϣⲟⲩⲓⲧ ⲡⲉ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲟⲩⲟⲩⲱϣ ⲡⲉ ⲛ̀ⲡ̀ⲛⲉⲩⲙⲁ | n ouperispasmos an pe ǹpilaos netavṡōpi tyrou xa pefmōit ouoh ǹkehaeev ǹsenaevfrane an ehrai ègōf paike oupetṡouit pe ouoh ououōṡ pe ǹp̀nevma | There is no end to all the people, to all who were before them: and the last shall not rejoice in him: for this also is vanity and waywardness of spirit. |
| 4:17 | ϯϩⲧⲏⲕ ⲉⲧⲉⲕⲟⲩⲉⲣⲏⲧⲉ ⲉⲕⲛⲁⲃⲱⲕ ⲉϩⲟⲩⲛ ⲉⲡⲏⲓ ⲙⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲁⲩⲱ ⲛⲅϩⲛⲧⲕ ⲉϩⲟⲩⲛ ⲉⲥⲱⲧⲙ ϫⲉⲧⲉⲕⲑⲏⲥⲓⲁ ⲥⲟⲧⲡ ⲉϩⲟⲩⲉ ⲡⲉⲧⲟⲩⲛⲁⲧⲁⲁϥ ⲛϭⲓⲛⲁⲧϩⲏⲧ ϫⲉⲛⲥⲉⲥⲟⲟⲩⲛ ⲁⲛ ⲉⲉⲓⲣⲉ ⲙⲡⲡⲉⲧⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϥ | ϯϩⲧⲏⲕ ⲉ̀ⲧⲉⲕⲟⲩⲉⲣⲏⲧⲉ ⲉⲕⲛⲁⲃⲱⲕ ⲉ̀ϧⲟⲩⲛ ⲉ̀ⲡ̀ⲏⲓ ⲛ̀ⲫ̀ⲛⲟⲩϯ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲕϩⲛⲧⲕ ⲉ̀ϧⲟⲩⲛ ⲉ̀ⲥⲱⲧⲉⲙ ϫⲉ ⲧⲉⲕⲑⲩⲥⲓⲁ ⲥⲟⲧⲡ ⲉ̀ϩⲟⲧⲉ ⲡⲉⲧⲟⲩⲛⲁⲧⲏⲓϥ ⲛ̀ϫⲉ ⲛⲁⲧϩⲏⲧ ϫⲉ ⲛ̀ⲥⲉⲥⲱⲟⲩⲛ ⲁⲛ ⲉ̀ⲓⲣⲓ ⲛ̀ⲡ̀ⲡⲉⲧⲛⲁⲛⲟⲩϥ | tihtyk ètekoueryte eknavōk èxoun èp̀yi ǹf̀nouti ouoh ǹtek·hntk èxoun èsōtem je tekθisia sotp èhote petounatyif ǹje nat·hyt je ǹsesōoun an èiri ǹp̀petnanouf | Keep thy foot, whensoever thou goest to the house of God; and when thou art near to hear, let thy sacrifice be better than the gift of fools: for they know not that they are doing evil. |
Provenance
- title
- Ecclesiastes 4
- dialect
- sahidic
- source
- Coptic SCRIPTORIUM corpus "sahidic.ot", document 21_Ecclesiastes_04
- licence
- CC-BY-SA 4.0
- share
- attribution
- attribution
- Ecclesiastes 4 from Coptic SCRIPTORIUM (https://copticscriptorium.org), corpus sahidic.ot, document 21_Ecclesiastes_04, version 6.1.0 (2025-06-30), annotations by Frank Feder, So Miyagawa, Elizabeth Platte, Caroline T. Schroeder, Amir Zeldes; source edition Crosswire, CoptOT. Licensed CC BY-SA 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/); this derivative is released under the same licence. CoptOT / Göttingen Digital Edition of the Coptic Old Testament, via Crosswire; English translation Brenton 1851 (ebible.org). Layers L1/L2 are modified: re-spelled (Cairene) / transliterated (Kemetic) by the Kemetic project, Yousef Hanna 2026.
- annotation
- segmentation automatic · tagging automatic · parsing automatic (SCRIPTORIUM meta.json; document version 6.1.0, 2025-06-30)
- file
- Bible/Old Testament/Ecclesiastes/04.sahidic.scriptorium.L0.txt
- title
- Ecclesiastes 4 — Cairene
- dialect
- bohairic
- source
- generated from 04.sahidic.scriptorium.L0.txt (Coptic SCRIPTORIUM corpus "sahidic.ot", document 21_Ecclesiastes_04)
- licence
- CC BY-SA 4.0
- share
- attribution
- attribution
- Ecclesiastes 4 from Coptic SCRIPTORIUM (https://copticscriptorium.org), corpus sahidic.ot, document 21_Ecclesiastes_04, version 6.1.0 (2025-06-30), annotations by Frank Feder, So Miyagawa, Elizabeth Platte, Caroline T. Schroeder, Amir Zeldes; source edition Crosswire, CoptOT. Licensed CC BY-SA 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/); this derivative is released under the same licence. CoptOT / Göttingen Digital Edition of the Coptic Old Testament, via Crosswire; English translation Brenton 1851 (ebible.org). Layers L1/L2 are modified: re-spelled (Cairene) / transliterated (Kemetic) by the Kemetic project, Yousef Hanna 2026.
- annotation
- segmentation automatic · tagging automatic · parsing automatic (SCRIPTORIUM meta.json; document version 6.1.0, 2025-06-30)
- generated by
- tools/sahidic_to_cairene.py (route D, C3a 2026-09-24; tier b, ROUTE-2 2026-09-26) then tools/cairene.py from_witness dialect=bohairic on the intermediate (L1 = Cairene(N_B(D(N_S(L0)))), RI-038; word division church); Sahidic N stage counts: lexeme_L1-S-8=2 tokens=254
- file
- Bible/Old Testament/Ecclesiastes/04.sahidic.scriptorium.L1.txt
- title
- Ecclesiastes 4 — Kemetic
- dialect
- bohairic
- source
- generated from 04.sahidic.scriptorium.L1.txt
- licence
- CC BY-SA 4.0
- share
- attribution
- attribution
- Ecclesiastes 4 from Coptic SCRIPTORIUM (https://copticscriptorium.org), corpus sahidic.ot, document 21_Ecclesiastes_04, version 6.1.0 (2025-06-30), annotations by Frank Feder, So Miyagawa, Elizabeth Platte, Caroline T. Schroeder, Amir Zeldes; source edition Crosswire, CoptOT. Licensed CC BY-SA 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/); this derivative is released under the same licence. CoptOT / Göttingen Digital Edition of the Coptic Old Testament, via Crosswire; English translation Brenton 1851 (ebible.org). Layers L1/L2 are modified: re-spelled (Cairene) / transliterated (Kemetic) by the Kemetic project, Yousef Hanna 2026.
- annotation
- segmentation automatic · tagging automatic · parsing automatic (SCRIPTORIUM meta.json; document version 6.1.0, 2025-06-30)
- generated by
- tools/coptic_to_kemetic.py convert() on the L1 text (letter rules of DECISIONS.md 2026-09-08)
- file
- Bible/Old Testament/Ecclesiastes/04.sahidic.scriptorium.L2.txt
- what it is
- DRAFT English. Not a published translation: `existing` rows quote an aligned translation named in `basis`; `llm` rows are a language-model best guess from the dictionary gloss and context (Yousef asked for them, 2026-09-27; to be corrected later); check the source text before relying on any of it.
- lines
- 17 quoted · 0 quoted with the alignment not cross-checked · 0 model drafts (marked “draft”)
- quoted from
- Brenton's Septuagint (1851) — aligned in Coptic SCRIPTORIUM sahidic.ot, 21_Ecclesiastes_04 (17 lines)
L0 witness
L1 Cairene
L2 Kemetic
English
Cite as:
Ecclesiastes 4. Coptic SCRIPTORIUM corpus "sahidic.ot", document 21_Ecclesiastes_04. Layers as published by the Kemetic project (Yousef Hanna), 2026: Coptic · Cairene · Kemetic, /doc/bible/old-testament/ecclesiastes/04.sahidic.scriptorium/. Ecclesiastes 4 from Coptic SCRIPTORIUM (https://copticscriptorium.org), corpus sahidic.ot, document 21_Ecclesiastes_04, version 6.1.0 (2025-06-30), annotations by Frank Feder, So Miyagawa, Elizabeth Platte, Caroline T. Schroeder, Amir Zeldes; source edition Crosswire, CoptOT. Licensed CC BY-SA 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/); this derivative is released under the same licence. CoptOT / Göttingen Digital Edition of the Coptic Old Testament, via Crosswire; English translation Brenton 1851 (ebible.org). Layers L1/L2 are modified: re-spelled (Cairene) / transliterated (Kemetic) by the Kemetic project, Yousef Hanna 2026.
What the layers are
L0 witness
The text as its witness or edition has it, original spelling; its dialect is a description and is never standardized.
The text as its witness or edition has it, original spelling; its dialect is a description and is never standardized.
L0.5 transliteration
For Egyptian texts: the transliteration with the editors' marks turned into the symbols ° * < > _ ^ (ruled 2026-09-10). For papyri: the edition's Leiden marks as the same symbols, and the editors' readings beside the scribe's as ‹scribe→editors› (ruled PAP-3).
For Egyptian texts: the transliteration with the editors' marks turned into the symbols ° * < > _ ^ (ruled 2026-09-10). For papyri: the edition's Leiden marks as the same symbols, and the editors' readings beside the scribe's as ‹scribe→editors› (ruled PAP-3).
L1 Cairene
Standardized Greco-Bohairic spelling and grammar, generated by code from the layer above under the rulings of the project.
Standardized Greco-Bohairic spelling and grammar, generated by code from the layer above under the rulings of the project.
L2 Kemetic
The Kemetic alphabet, generated by code from L1.
The Kemetic alphabet, generated by code from L1.
English
Quoted translations where they exist, credited; otherwise model drafts, marked as drafts.
Quoted translations where they exist, credited; otherwise model drafts, marked as drafts.