Source and licence
share: attributionsahidicSource: Coptic SCRIPTORIUM corpus "sahidic.ot", document 18_Job_28
Attribution: Job 28 from Coptic SCRIPTORIUM (https://copticscriptorium.org), corpus sahidic.ot, document 18_Job_28, version 6.1.0 (2025-06-30), annotations by Frank Feder, So Miyagawa, Elizabeth Platte, Caroline T. Schroeder, Amir Zeldes; source edition Crosswire, CoptOT. Licensed CC BY-SA 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/); this derivative is released under the same licence. CoptOT / Göttingen Digital Edition of the Coptic Old Testament, via Crosswire; English translation Brenton 1851 (ebible.org). Layers L1/L2 are modified: re-spelled (Cairene) / transliterated (Kemetic) by the Kemetic project, Yousef Hanna 2026.
Licence: CC-BY-SA 4.0
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0
The text
17 lines · a line number is a link to itselfEnglish: quoted translations are shown as they are, with their credit in the provenance; lines marked draft are language-model drafts made for this project (to be corrected), and alignment unchecked marks a quoted verse whose placement was not cross-checked. Check the Coptic before relying on any English line.
| ref | L0 witness | L1 Cairene | L2 Kemetic | English |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 28:1 | ⲡⲙⲁ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲙⲡϩⲁⲧ ϣⲟⲟⲡ ⲉϣⲁⲩⲧⲁⲙⲓⲟϥ ⲛϩⲏⲧϥ ⲁⲩⲱ ⲡⲙⲁ ⲙⲡⲛⲟⲩⲃ ⲉϣⲁⲩⲟⲧϩϥ ⲙⲙⲁⲩ | ⲡ̀ⲙⲁ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲛ̀ⲡ̀ϩⲁⲧ ϣⲟⲡ ⲉϣⲁⲩⲑⲁⲙⲓⲟϥ ⲛ̀ϧⲏⲧϥ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡ̀ⲙⲁ ⲛ̀ⲡ̀ⲛⲟⲩⲃ ⲉϣⲁⲩⲟⲧϩϥ ⲙ̀ⲙⲁⲩ | p̀ma ġar ǹp̀hat ṡop eṡavθamiof ǹxytf ouoh p̀ma ǹp̀noub eṡavot·hf m̀mav | For there is a place for the silver, whence it comes, and a place for the gold, whence it is refined. |
| 28:2 | ⲉϣⲁⲩⲧⲁⲙⲓⲉⲡⲡⲉⲛⲓⲡⲉ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲙⲡⲕⲁϩ ⲉϣⲁⲩϣⲉⲧⲡϩⲟⲙⲛⲧ ⲇⲉ ⲛⲑⲉ ⲙⲡⲟⲱⲛⲉ | ⲉ̀ϣⲁⲩⲧⲁⲙⲓⲉⲡⲡⲉⲛⲓⲡⲉ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡ̀ⲕⲁϩⲓ ⲉϣⲁⲩϣⲉⲧⲡ̀ϩⲟⲙⲧ ⲇⲉ ⲛ̀ⲫ̀ⲣⲏϯ ⲛ̀ⲡⲟⲱⲛⲉ | èṡavtamieppenipe ġar èvol xen p̀kahi eṡavṡetp̀homt ḋe ǹf̀ryti ǹpoōne | For iron comes out of the earth, and brass is hewn out like stone. |
| 28:3 | ⲁϥⲕⲱ ⲇⲉ ⲛⲟⲩⲇⲁⲝⲓⲥ ⲙⲡⲕⲁⲕⲉ | ⲁϥⲭⲱ ⲇⲉ ⲛ̀ⲟⲩⲧⲁⲝⲓⲥ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ ⲡ̀ⲕⲁⲕⲉ | afkō ḋe ǹoutaksis ǹte p̀kake | He has set a bound to darkness, and he searches out every limit: a stone is darkness, and the shadow of death. |
| 28:4 | ⲛⲉⲧⲣⲡⲱⲃϣ ⲇⲉ ⲛⲧⲉϩⲓⲏ ⲙⲙⲉ ⲁⲩⲣϭⲱⲃ ϩⲛⲛⲣⲱⲙⲉ | ⲛ̀ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲡⲱⲃϣ ⲇⲉ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲙⲱⲓⲧ ⲛ̀ⲙⲏⲓ ⲁⲩⲣϭⲱⲃ ϧⲉⲛ ⲛ̀ⲣⲱⲙⲓ | ǹeterpōvṡ ḋe ǹtemōit ǹmyi avrċōb xen ǹrōmi | There is a cutting off the torrent by reason of dust: so they that forget the right way are weakened; they are removed from among men. |
| 28:9 | ⲁϥϣⲟⲣϣⲣ ⲇⲉ ⲛⲛⲧⲟⲩⲉⲓⲏ ϩⲛⲛⲉⲩⲥⲛⲧⲉ ⲁϥⲡⲱϩ ⲛⲛⲃⲉⲣⲱ ⲙⲙⲟⲟⲩ ⲁⲡⲁⲃⲁⲗ ⲛⲁⲩ ⲉⲛⲉⲧⲧⲁⲓⲏⲩ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ | ⲁϥϣⲟⲣϣⲣ ⲇⲉ ⲛ̀ⲛ̀ⲧⲟⲩⲉⲓⲏ ϧⲉⲛ ⲛⲟⲩⲥⲉⲛϯ ⲁϥⲫⲱϧ ⲛ̀ⲛ̀ⲃⲉⲣⲱ ⲙ̀ⲙⲱⲟⲩ ⲁ ⲡⲁⲃⲁⲗ ⲛⲱⲟⲩ ⲉ̀ⲛⲉⲧⲧⲁⲓⲏⲟⲩⲧ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ | afṡorṡr ḋe ǹǹtoueiy xen nousenti affōx ǹǹverō m̀mōou a paval nōou ènettaiyout tyrou | He has stretched forth his hand on the sharp rock, and turned up mountains by the roots: |
| 28:11 | ⲁϥϭⲱⲗⲡ ⲇⲉ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲛⲛϣⲓⲕ ⲛⲙⲙⲟⲟⲩ ⲁϥⲟⲩⲱⲛϩ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲛⲧⲉϥϭⲟⲙ ⲉⲡⲟⲩⲟⲉⲓⲛ | ⲁϥϭⲱⲗⲡ ⲇⲉ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ ⲛ̀ⲛ̀ϣⲓⲕ ⲛ̀ⲛⲙⲟⲩ ⲁϥⲟⲩⲱⲛϩ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉϥϫⲟⲙ ⲉ̀ⲫ̀ⲟⲩⲱⲓⲛⲓ | afċōlp ḋe èvol ǹǹṡik ǹnmou afouōnh èvol ǹtefgom èf̀ouōini | And he has laid bare the depths of rivers, and has brought his power to light. |
| 28:12 | ⲛⲧⲁⲩϩⲉ ⲇⲉ ⲉⲧⲉϥⲥⲱⲫⲓⲁ ⲧⲱⲛ ⲁϣ ⲇⲉ ⲡⲉ ⲡⲙⲁ ⲛⲧⲉⲥⲃⲱ | ⲉⲧⲁⲩϩⲉⲓ ⲇⲉ ⲉⲧⲉϥⲥⲟⲫⲓⲁ ⲑⲱⲛ ⲁϣ ⲇⲉ ⲡⲉ ⲡ̀ⲙⲁ ⲛ̀ⲧ̀ⲥ̀ⲃⲱ | etavhei ḋe etefsofia θōn aṡ ḋe pe p̀ma ǹt̀s̀vō | But whence has wisdom been discovered? and what is the place of knowledge? |
| 28:13 | ⲙⲛⲣⲱⲙⲉ ⲥⲟⲟⲩⲛ ⲛⲧⲉⲥϩⲓⲏ ⲁⲩⲱ ⲛⲛⲉⲩϩⲉ ⲉⲣⲟⲥ ϩⲛⲛⲣⲱⲙⲉ | ⲛⲉⲙ ⲣⲱⲙⲓ ⲥⲱⲟⲩⲛ ⲛ̀ⲡⲉⲥⲙⲱⲓⲧ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛ̀ⲛⲉⲩϫⲓⲙⲓ ⲉ̀ⲣⲟⲥ ϧⲉⲛ ⲛ̀ⲣⲱⲙⲓ | nem rōmi sōoun ǹpesmōit ouoh ǹnevjimi èros xen ǹrōmi | A mortal has not known its way, neither indeed has it been discovered among men. |
| 28:20 | ⲁϣ ⲇⲉ ⲡⲉ ⲡⲙⲁ ⲛⲧⲙⲛⲧⲣⲙⲛϩⲏⲧ ⲛⲧⲁⲩϩⲉ ⲇⲉ ⲉⲧⲥⲱⲫⲓⲁ ⲧⲱⲛ | ⲁϣ ⲇⲉ ⲡⲉ ⲡ̀ⲙⲁ ⲛ̀ⲧ̀ⲙ̀ⲛⲧⲣⲙⲛϩⲏⲧ ⲉⲧⲁⲩϩⲉⲓ ⲇⲉ ⲉⲧⲥⲟⲫⲓⲁ ⲑⲱⲛ | aṡ ḋe pe p̀ma ǹt̀m̀ntrmnhyt etavhei ḋe etsofia θōn | Whence then is wisdom found? and of what kind is the place of understanding? |
| 28:21 | ⲥϩⲏⲡ ⲉⲣⲱⲙⲉ ⲛⲓⲙ | ⲥϩⲏⲡ ⲉ̀ⲣⲱⲙⲓ ⲛⲓⲃⲉⲛ | s·hyp èrōmi niven | It has escaped the notice of every man, and has been hidden from the birds of the sky. |
| 28:22 | ⲁⲛⲥⲱⲧⲙ ⲉⲡⲉⲥⲉⲟⲟⲩ | ⲁⲛⲥⲱⲧⲉⲙ ⲉ̀ⲡⲉⲥⲱⲟⲩ | ansōtem èpesōou | Destruction and Death said, We have heard the report of it. |
| 28:23 | ⲡϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ ⲡⲉⲛⲧⲁϥⲧⲁϩⲟ ⲉⲣⲁⲧⲥ ⲛⲧⲉⲥϩⲓⲏ ⲕⲁⲗⲱⲥ ⲛⲧⲟϥ ⲡⲉⲧⲥⲟⲟⲩⲛ ⲛⲧⲉⲥⲙⲛⲧⲣⲙⲙⲁⲟ | ⲡ̀ϭⲟⲓⲥ ⲡⲉⲧⲁϥⲧⲁϩⲟ ⲉ̀ⲣⲁⲧⲥ ⲛ̀ⲡⲉⲥⲙⲱⲓⲧ ⲕⲁⲗⲱⲥ ⲛ̀ⲑⲟϥ ⲡⲉⲧⲥⲱⲟⲩⲛ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲥⲙ̀ⲛⲧⲣⲙⲙⲁⲟ | p̀ċois petaftaho èrats ǹpesmōit kalōs ǹθof petsōoun ǹtesm̀ntrmmao | God has well ordered the way of it, and he knows the place of it. |
| 28:24 | ⲛⲧⲟϥ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲡⲉⲧⲛⲁⲩ ⲉⲡⲕⲁϩ ⲧⲏⲣϥ ⲉϥⲥⲟⲟⲩⲛ ⲛⲛⲉⲧϩⲙ ⲡⲕⲁϩ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ ⲛⲧⲁϥⲧⲁⲙⲓⲟⲟⲩ | ⲛ̀ⲑⲟϥ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲡⲉⲧⲛⲁⲩ ⲉ̀ⲡ̀ⲕⲁϩⲓ ⲧⲏⲣϥ ⲉϥⲥⲱⲟⲩⲛ ⲛ̀ⲛⲉⲧϧⲉⲛ ⲡ̀ⲕⲁϩⲓ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ ⲉⲧⲁϥⲑⲁⲙⲓⲟⲟⲩ | ǹθof ġar petnav èp̀kahi tyrf efsōoun ǹnetxen p̀kahi tyrou etafθamioou | For he surveys the whole earth under heaven, knowing the things in the earth: |
| 28:25 | ⲡϣⲓ ⲛⲛⲧⲏⲩ ⲙⲛⲧⲏⲡⲉ ⲛⲙⲙⲟⲟⲩ | ⲡ̀ϣⲓ ⲛ̀ⲛ̀ⲑⲏⲟⲩ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲧ̀ⲏⲡⲉ ⲛ̀ⲛ̀ⲙⲟⲩ | p̀ṡi ǹǹθyou nem t̀ype ǹǹmou | all that he has made; the weight of the winds, the measures of the water. |
| 28:26 | ⲛⲧⲉⲣⲉϥⲧⲁⲙⲓⲟⲟⲩ ϩⲓⲛⲁⲓ ⲁϥⲛⲁⲩ ⲉⲣⲟⲟⲩ ⲁϥⲟⲡⲟⲩ | ⲛⲧⲉⲣⲉϥⲑⲁⲙⲓⲟⲟⲩ ϩⲓⲛⲁⲓ ⲁϥⲛⲁⲩ ⲉ̀ⲣⲱⲟⲩ ⲁϥⲟⲡⲟⲩ | nterefθamioou hinai afnav èrōou afopou | When he made them, thus he saw and numbered them, and made a way for the pealing of the thunder. |
| 28:27 | ⲁϥⲥⲃⲧⲱⲧⲟⲩ ⲇⲉ ⲁϥϩⲉⲧϩⲱⲧⲟⲩ | ⲁ ϥ̀ⲥⲉⲃⲧⲱⲧⲟⲩ ⲇⲉ ⲁϥϧⲉⲧϧⲱⲧⲟⲩ | a f̀sevtōtou ḋe afxetxōtou | Then he saw it, and declared it: he prepared it and traced it out. |
| 28:28 | ⲁϥϫⲟⲟⲥ ⲇⲉ ⲙⲡⲣⲱⲙⲉ ϫⲉⲉⲓⲥϩⲏⲏⲧⲉ ⲧⲙⲛⲧⲣⲉϥϣⲙϣⲉⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲧⲉ ⲧⲥⲟⲫⲓⲁ ⲡⲥⲁϩⲱⲕ ⲇⲉ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲙⲡⲡⲉⲑⲟⲟⲩ ⲧⲉ ⲧⲉⲥⲃⲱ | ⲁϥϫⲟⲥ ⲇⲉ ⲛ̀ⲡ̀ⲣⲱⲙⲓ ϫⲉ ⲓⲥϩⲏⲡⲡⲉ ⲧ̀ⲙ̀ⲛⲧⲣⲉϥϣⲙϣⲉⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲧⲉ ⲧ̀ⲥⲟⲫⲓⲁ ⲡ̀ⲥⲁϩⲱⲕ ⲇⲉ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ ⲛ̀ⲡ̀ⲡⲉⲧϩⲱⲟⲩ ⲧⲉ ⲧ̀ⲥ̀ⲃⲱ | afgos ḋe ǹp̀rōmi je is·hyppe t̀m̀ntrefṡmṡenoute te t̀sofia p̀·sahōk ḋe èvol ǹp̀pet·hōou te t̀s̀vō | And he said to man, Behold, godliness is wisdom: and to abstain from evil is understanding. |
Provenance
- title
- Job 28
- dialect
- sahidic
- source
- Coptic SCRIPTORIUM corpus "sahidic.ot", document 18_Job_28
- licence
- CC-BY-SA 4.0
- share
- attribution
- attribution
- Job 28 from Coptic SCRIPTORIUM (https://copticscriptorium.org), corpus sahidic.ot, document 18_Job_28, version 6.1.0 (2025-06-30), annotations by Frank Feder, So Miyagawa, Elizabeth Platte, Caroline T. Schroeder, Amir Zeldes; source edition Crosswire, CoptOT. Licensed CC BY-SA 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/); this derivative is released under the same licence. CoptOT / Göttingen Digital Edition of the Coptic Old Testament, via Crosswire; English translation Brenton 1851 (ebible.org). Layers L1/L2 are modified: re-spelled (Cairene) / transliterated (Kemetic) by the Kemetic project, Yousef Hanna 2026.
- annotation
- segmentation automatic · tagging automatic · parsing automatic (SCRIPTORIUM meta.json; document version 6.1.0, 2025-06-30)
- file
- Bible/Old Testament/Job/28.sahidic.scriptorium.L0.txt
- title
- Job 28 — Cairene
- dialect
- bohairic
- source
- generated from 28.sahidic.scriptorium.L0.txt (Coptic SCRIPTORIUM corpus "sahidic.ot", document 18_Job_28)
- licence
- CC BY-SA 4.0
- share
- attribution
- attribution
- Job 28 from Coptic SCRIPTORIUM (https://copticscriptorium.org), corpus sahidic.ot, document 18_Job_28, version 6.1.0 (2025-06-30), annotations by Frank Feder, So Miyagawa, Elizabeth Platte, Caroline T. Schroeder, Amir Zeldes; source edition Crosswire, CoptOT. Licensed CC BY-SA 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/); this derivative is released under the same licence. CoptOT / Göttingen Digital Edition of the Coptic Old Testament, via Crosswire; English translation Brenton 1851 (ebible.org). Layers L1/L2 are modified: re-spelled (Cairene) / transliterated (Kemetic) by the Kemetic project, Yousef Hanna 2026.
- annotation
- segmentation automatic · tagging automatic · parsing automatic (SCRIPTORIUM meta.json; document version 6.1.0, 2025-06-30)
- generated by
- tools/sahidic_to_cairene.py (route D, C3a 2026-09-24; tier b, ROUTE-2 2026-09-26) then tools/cairene.py from_witness dialect=bohairic on the intermediate (L1 = Cairene(N_B(D(N_S(L0)))), RI-038; word division church); Sahidic N stage counts: lexeme_L1-S-8=1 th_resolved=2 tokens=122
- file
- Bible/Old Testament/Job/28.sahidic.scriptorium.L1.txt
- title
- Job 28 — Kemetic
- dialect
- bohairic
- source
- generated from 28.sahidic.scriptorium.L1.txt
- licence
- CC BY-SA 4.0
- share
- attribution
- attribution
- Job 28 from Coptic SCRIPTORIUM (https://copticscriptorium.org), corpus sahidic.ot, document 18_Job_28, version 6.1.0 (2025-06-30), annotations by Frank Feder, So Miyagawa, Elizabeth Platte, Caroline T. Schroeder, Amir Zeldes; source edition Crosswire, CoptOT. Licensed CC BY-SA 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/); this derivative is released under the same licence. CoptOT / Göttingen Digital Edition of the Coptic Old Testament, via Crosswire; English translation Brenton 1851 (ebible.org). Layers L1/L2 are modified: re-spelled (Cairene) / transliterated (Kemetic) by the Kemetic project, Yousef Hanna 2026.
- annotation
- segmentation automatic · tagging automatic · parsing automatic (SCRIPTORIUM meta.json; document version 6.1.0, 2025-06-30)
- generated by
- tools/coptic_to_kemetic.py convert() on the L1 text (letter rules of DECISIONS.md 2026-09-08)
- file
- Bible/Old Testament/Job/28.sahidic.scriptorium.L2.txt
- what it is
- DRAFT English. Not a published translation: `existing` rows quote an aligned translation named in `basis`; `llm` rows are a language-model best guess from the dictionary gloss and context (Yousef asked for them, 2026-09-27; to be corrected later); check the source text before relying on any of it.
- lines
- 17 quoted · 0 quoted with the alignment not cross-checked · 0 model drafts (marked “draft”)
- quoted from
- Brenton's Septuagint (1851) — aligned in Coptic SCRIPTORIUM sahidic.ot, 18_Job_28 (17 lines)
L0 witness
L1 Cairene
L2 Kemetic
English
Cite as:
Job 28. Coptic SCRIPTORIUM corpus "sahidic.ot", document 18_Job_28. Layers as published by the Kemetic project (Yousef Hanna), 2026: Coptic · Cairene · Kemetic, /doc/bible/old-testament/job/28.sahidic.scriptorium/. Job 28 from Coptic SCRIPTORIUM (https://copticscriptorium.org), corpus sahidic.ot, document 18_Job_28, version 6.1.0 (2025-06-30), annotations by Frank Feder, So Miyagawa, Elizabeth Platte, Caroline T. Schroeder, Amir Zeldes; source edition Crosswire, CoptOT. Licensed CC BY-SA 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/); this derivative is released under the same licence. CoptOT / Göttingen Digital Edition of the Coptic Old Testament, via Crosswire; English translation Brenton 1851 (ebible.org). Layers L1/L2 are modified: re-spelled (Cairene) / transliterated (Kemetic) by the Kemetic project, Yousef Hanna 2026.
What the layers are
L0 witness
The text as its witness or edition has it, original spelling; its dialect is a description and is never standardized.
The text as its witness or edition has it, original spelling; its dialect is a description and is never standardized.
L0.5 transliteration
For Egyptian texts: the transliteration with the editors' marks turned into the symbols ° * < > _ ^ (ruled 2026-09-10). For papyri: the edition's Leiden marks as the same symbols, and the editors' readings beside the scribe's as ‹scribe→editors› (ruled PAP-3).
For Egyptian texts: the transliteration with the editors' marks turned into the symbols ° * < > _ ^ (ruled 2026-09-10). For papyri: the edition's Leiden marks as the same symbols, and the editors' readings beside the scribe's as ‹scribe→editors› (ruled PAP-3).
L1 Cairene
Standardized Greco-Bohairic spelling and grammar, generated by code from the layer above under the rulings of the project.
Standardized Greco-Bohairic spelling and grammar, generated by code from the layer above under the rulings of the project.
L2 Kemetic
The Kemetic alphabet, generated by code from L1.
The Kemetic alphabet, generated by code from L1.
English
Quoted translations where they exist, credited; otherwise model drafts, marked as drafts.
Quoted translations where they exist, credited; otherwise model drafts, marked as drafts.