Source and licence
share: attributionsahidicSource: Coptic SCRIPTORIUM corpus "sahidic.ot", document 04_Numbers_19
Attribution: Numbers 19 from Coptic SCRIPTORIUM (https://copticscriptorium.org), corpus sahidic.ot, document 04_Numbers_19, version 6.1.0 (2025-06-30), annotations by Frank Feder, So Miyagawa, Elizabeth Platte, Caroline T. Schroeder, Amir Zeldes; source edition Crosswire, CoptOT. Licensed CC BY-SA 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/); this derivative is released under the same licence. CoptOT / Göttingen Digital Edition of the Coptic Old Testament, via Crosswire; English translation Brenton 1851 (ebible.org). Layers L1/L2 are modified: re-spelled (Cairene) / transliterated (Kemetic) by the Kemetic project, Yousef Hanna 2026.
Licence: CC-BY-SA 4.0
The text
22 lines · a line number is a link to itselfEnglish: quoted translations are shown as they are, with their credit in the provenance; lines marked draft are language-model drafts made for this project (to be corrected), and alignment unchecked marks a quoted verse whose placement was not cross-checked. Check the Coptic before relying on any English line.
| ref | L0 witness | English |
|---|---|---|
| 19:1 | ⲁⲩⲱ ⲁⲡϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ ϣⲁϫⲉ ⲛⲁϩⲣⲙ ⲙⲱⲩⲥⲏⲥ ⲙⲛⲁⲁⲣⲱⲛ ⲉϥϫⲱ ⲙⲙⲟⲥ | And the Lord spoke to Moses and Aaron, saying, |
| 19:2 | ϫⲉⲧⲁⲓ ⲧⲉ ⲧⲇⲓⲁⲥⲧⲟⲗⲏ ⲙⲡⲛⲟⲙⲟⲥ ⲛⲉⲛⲧⲁϥⲟⲩⲉϩⲥⲁϩⲛⲉ ⲙⲙⲟⲟⲩ ⲛϭⲓⲡϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ ⲉϥϫⲱ ⲙⲙⲟⲥ ϫⲉϣⲁϫⲉ ⲙⲛⲛϣⲏⲣⲉ ⲙⲡⲓ︤ⲏ︦ⲗ︥ ⲛⲥⲉⲉⲓⲛⲉ ϣⲁⲣⲟⲕ ⲉⲛⲟⲩⲃⲁϩⲥⲉ ⲛⲧⲟⲣϣ ⲉⲥⲟⲩⲁⲁⲃ ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲛⲗⲁⲁⲩ ⲛϫⲃⲓⲛ ⲛϩⲏⲧⲥ ⲁⲩⲱ ⲙⲡⲟⲩⲧⲁⲗⲉⲛⲁϩⲃ ⲉϫⲱⲥ | This is the constitution of the law, as the Lord has commanded, saying, Speak to the sons of Israel, and let them take for thee a red heifer without spot, which has no spot on her, and on which no yoke has been put. |
| 19:3 | ⲛⲅϯ ⲙⲙⲟⲥ ⲛⲉⲗⲉⲁⲍⲁⲣ ⲡⲟⲩⲏⲏⲃ ⲛⲥⲉⲉⲓⲛⲉ ⲙⲙⲟⲥ ⲡⲃⲟⲗ ⲡⲃⲟⲗ ⲛⲧⲡⲁⲣⲉⲙⲃⲟⲗⲏ ⲉϩⲣⲁⲓ ⲉⲩⲙⲁ ⲉϥⲟⲩⲁⲁⲃ ⲛⲥⲉⲕⲱⲱⲥ ⲙⲙⲟⲥ ⲙⲡϥⲉⲙⲧⲟ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ | And thou shalt give her to Eleazar the priest; and they shall bring her out of the camp into a clean place, and shall kill her before his face. |
| 19:4 | ⲛⲧⲉⲉⲗⲉⲁⲍⲁⲣ ϫⲓ ϩⲙⲡⲉⲥⲛⲟϥ ⲛϥϭⲟϣϭϣ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲙⲡⲉⲥⲛⲟϥ ⲙⲡⲉⲙⲧⲟ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲛⲧⲉⲥⲕⲏⲛⲏ ⲙⲡⲙⲛⲧⲣⲉ ⲛⲥⲁϣϥ ⲛⲥⲟⲡ | And Eleazar shall take of her blood, and sprinkle of her blood seven times in front of the tabernacle of witness. |
| 19:5 | ⲡⲉⲥⲥⲛⲟϥ ⲙⲛⲡⲉⲥⲥⲟⲣⲧ ⲉⲩⲉⲣⲱⲕϩ ⲙⲙⲟⲟⲩ | And they shall burn her to ashes before him; and her skin and her flesh and her blood, with her dung, shall be consumed. |
| 19:6 | ⲛⲧⲉⲡⲟⲩⲏⲏⲃ ϫⲓ ⲛⲟⲩϣⲉ ⲛⲕⲉⲛⲇⲣⲓⲛⲟⲛ ⲙⲛⲟⲩϩⲩⲥⲟⲡⲟⲛ ⲛⲥⲉⲛⲟⲩϫⲉ ⲙⲙⲟⲟⲩ ⲉⲧⲙⲏⲧⲉ ⲙⲡϣⲁϩ ⲛⲧⲃⲁϩⲥⲉ | And the priest shall take cedar wood and hyssop and scarlet wool, and they shall cast them into the midst of the burning of the heifer. |
| 19:7 | ⲛϥⲉⲓⲱ ⲛⲛⲉϥϩⲟⲓⲧⲉ ⲛϭⲓⲡⲟⲩⲏⲏⲃ ⲛϥϫⲱⲕⲙ ⲙⲡⲉϥⲥⲱⲙⲁ ϩⲛⲟⲩⲙⲟⲟⲩ ⲙⲛⲛⲥⲁⲛⲁⲓ ⲛϥⲃⲱⲕ ⲉϩⲟⲩⲛ ⲉⲧⲡⲁⲣⲉⲙⲃⲟⲗⲏ ⲛⲧⲉⲡⲟⲩⲏⲏⲃ ϣⲱⲡⲉ ⲉϥϫⲁϩⲙ ϣⲁⲡⲛⲁⲩ ⲛⲣⲟⲩϩⲉ | And the priest shall wash his garments, and bathe his body in water, and afterwards he shall go into the camp, and the priest shall be unclean till evening. |
| 19:8 | ⲛⲧⲉⲡⲉⲧⲛⲁⲣⲟⲕϩⲥ ϩⲱⲱϥ ⲉⲓⲱ ⲛⲛⲉϥϩⲟⲓⲧⲉ ⲛϥϫⲱⲕⲙ ⲙⲡⲉϥⲥⲱⲙⲁ ϩⲛⲟⲩⲱⲟⲟⲩ ⲛϥϣⲱⲡⲉ ⲉϥϫⲁϩⲙ ϣⲁⲡⲛⲁⲩ ⲛⲣⲟⲩϩⲉ | And he that burns her shall wash his garments, and bathe his body, and shall be unclean till evening. |
| 19:9 | ⲁⲩⲱ ⲛϥⲥⲱⲟⲩϩ ⲉϩⲟⲩⲛ ⲛϭⲓⲟⲩⲣⲱⲙⲉ ⲉϥⲟⲩⲁⲁⲃ ⲙⲡⲕ︤ⲣ︥ⲙⲉⲥ ⲛⲧⲃⲁϩⲥⲉ ⲛϥⲕⲁⲁϥ ⲙⲡⲃⲟⲗ ⲛⲧⲡⲁⲣⲉⲙⲃⲟⲗⲏ ϩⲛⲟⲩⲙⲁ ⲉϥⲟⲩⲁⲁⲃ ⲛϥϣⲱⲡⲉ ⲛⲟⲩϩⲁⲣⲉϩ ⲛⲧⲥⲩⲛⲁⲅⲱⲅⲏ ⲛⲉⲛϣⲏⲣⲉ ⲙⲡⲓ︤ⲏ︦ⲗ︥ ⲉⲩⲙⲟⲟⲩ ⲛϭⲟϣϭⲉϣ ⲛⲁⲩ ⲛϩⲏⲧϥ ϫⲉⲉⲩⲉⲧⲃⲃⲟⲟⲩ | And a clean man shall gather up the ashes of the heifer, and lay them up in a clean place outside the camp; and they shall be for the congregation of the children of Israel to keep: it is the water of sprinkling, a purification. |
| 19:10 | ⲛϥⲉⲓⲱ ⲛⲛⲉϥϩⲟⲓⲧⲉ ⲛϭⲓⲡⲉⲧⲛⲁⲥⲱⲟⲩϩ ⲙⲡⲕ︤ⲣ︥ⲙⲉⲥ ⲛⲧⲃⲁϩⲥⲉ ⲛϥϣⲱⲡⲉ ⲉϥϫⲁϩⲙ ϣⲁⲡⲛⲁⲩ ⲛⲣⲟⲩϩⲉ ⲛϥϣⲱⲡⲉ ⲛⲟⲩⲛⲟⲙⲓⲙⲟⲛ ϣⲁⲉⲛⲉϩ ⲛⲉⲛϣⲏⲣⲉ ⲙⲡⲓ︤ⲏ︦ⲗ︥ ⲙⲛⲛⲉⲡⲣⲟⲥⲩⲗⲏⲧⲟⲥ ⲉⲧⲛⲁⲟⲩⲁϩⲟⲩ ⲉⲣⲱⲧⲛ | And he that gathers up the ashes of the heifer shall wash his garments, and shall be unclean until evening; and it shall be a perpetual statute for the children of Israel and for the strangers joined to them. |
| 19:11 | ⲡⲉⲧⲛⲁϫⲱϩ ⲉⲯⲩⲭⲏ ⲛⲓⲙ ⲛⲣⲱⲙⲉ ⲉⲩⲙⲟⲟⲩⲧ ⲉϥⲉϣⲱⲡⲉ ⲉϥϫⲁϩⲙ ⲛⲥⲁϣϥ ⲛϩⲟⲟⲩ | He that touches the dead body of any man, shall be unclean seven days. |
| 19:12 | ⲡⲁⲓ ⲇⲉ ⲉϥⲉⲧⲃⲃⲟϥ ⲙⲡⲙⲉϩϣⲟⲙⲛⲧ ⲛϩⲟⲟⲩ ⲙⲛⲡⲙⲉϩⲥⲁϣϥ ⲛϩⲟⲟⲩ ⲛϥϣⲱⲡⲉ ⲉϥⲧⲃⲃⲏⲩ ⲉϥⲧⲙⲧⲃⲃⲟϥ ⲇⲉ ϩⲙⲡⲙⲉϩϣⲟⲙⲛⲧ ⲛϩⲟⲟⲩ ⲁⲩⲱ ⲡⲙⲉϩⲥⲁϣϥ ⲛϩⲟⲟⲩ ⲛϥⲛⲁϣⲱⲡⲉ ⲁⲛ ⲉϥⲟⲩⲁⲁⲃ | He shall be purified on the third day and the seventh day, and shall be clean; but if he be not purged on the third day and the seventh day, he shall not be clean. |
| 19:13 | ⲟⲩⲟⲛ ⲛⲓⲙ ⲉⲧⲛⲁϫⲱϩ ⲉⲡⲉⲛⲧⲁϥⲙⲟⲩ ⲉϫⲛⲟⲩⲯⲩⲭⲏ ⲛⲣⲱⲙⲉ ⲉϥⲧⲙⲧⲃⲃⲟϥ ϩⲛⲧⲉⲥⲕⲏⲛⲏ ⲙⲡϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ ⲁϥⲥⲱⲱϥ ⲙⲙⲟⲥ ⲧⲉⲯⲩⲭⲏ ⲉⲧⲙⲙⲁⲩ ⲉⲩⲉⲃⲟⲧⲥ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲙⲡⲉⲥⲗⲁⲟⲥ ϫⲉⲡⲙⲟⲟⲩ ⲙⲡϭⲟϣϭⲉϣ ⲙⲟⲩϭⲉϣϭⲱϣϥ ⲙⲙⲟⲥ ⲟⲩⲁⲕⲁⲑⲁⲣⲧⲟⲥ ⲡⲉ ⲧⲉϥⲁⲕⲁⲑⲁⲣⲥⲓⲁ ϣⲟⲟⲡ ϩⲣⲁⲓ ⲛϩⲏⲧϥ | Every one that touches the carcase of the person of a man, if he should have died, and the other not have been purified, has defiled the tabernacle of the Lord: that soul shall be cut off from Israel, because the water of sprinkling has not been sprinkled upon him; he is unclean; his uncleanness is yet upon him. |
| 19:14 | ⲁⲩⲱ ⲡⲁⲓ ⲡⲉ ⲡⲛⲟⲙⲟⲥ ⲉⲣϣⲁⲛⲟⲩⲣⲱⲙⲉ ⲙⲟⲩ ϩⲛⲟⲩⲏⲓ ⲟⲩⲟⲛ ⲛⲓⲙ ⲉⲧⲛⲁⲃⲱⲕ ⲉϩⲟⲩⲛ ⲉⲡⲏⲓ ⲁⲩⲱ ⲛⲕⲁ ⲛⲓⲙ ⲉⲧϩⲙⲡⲏⲓ ⲉⲩⲉϣⲱⲡⲉ ⲉⲩϫⲁϩⲙ ⲛⲥⲁϣϥ ⲛϩⲟⲟⲩ | And this is the law; if a man die in a house, every one that goes into the house, and all things in the house, shall be unclean seven days. |
| 19:15 | ⲁⲩⲱ ⲛⲕⲁ ⲛⲓⲙ ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲉⲛⲡⲁⲓ ⲙⲡⲟⲩⲙⲟⲣϥ ϩⲛⲟⲩⲙⲣⲣⲉ ⲟⲩⲁⲕⲁⲑⲁⲣⲥⲓⲁ ⲡⲉ | And every open vessel which has not a covering bound upon it, shall be unclean. |
| 19:16 | ⲁⲩⲱ ⲟⲩⲟⲛ ⲛⲓⲙ ⲉⲧⲛⲁϫⲱϩ ϩⲣⲁⲓ ϩⲓϫⲙⲡϩⲟ ⲛⲧⲥⲱϣⲉ ⲉⲩϩⲱⲧⲃ ⲏ ⲉⲩⲕⲱⲱⲥ ⲏ ⲟⲩⲕⲁⲥ ⲛⲣⲱⲙⲉ ⲏ ⲟⲩⲉⲙϩⲁⲁⲩ ⲉϥⲉϣⲱⲡⲉ ⲉϥϫⲁϩⲙ ⲛⲥⲁϣϥ ⲛϩⲟⲟⲩ | And every one who shall touch a man slain by violence, or a corpse, or human bone, or sepulchre, shall be unclean seven days. |
| 19:17 | ⲉⲩⲉϫⲓ ⲇⲉ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲙⲡⲕ︤ⲣ︥ⲙⲉⲥ ⲛⲧⲉⲩⲧⲃⲃⲟ ⲛⲧⲁⲩⲣⲟⲕϩϥ ⲛⲥⲁϣϥ ⲛϩⲟⲟⲩ ⲉⲩⲉϫⲓ ⲇⲉ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲙⲡⲕ︤ⲣ︥ⲙⲉⲥ ⲛⲧⲉⲩⲧⲃⲃⲟ ⲛⲧⲁⲩⲣⲟⲕϩϥ ⲛⲥⲉⲡⲱϩⲧ ⲉϫⲱϥ ⲛⲛⲟⲩⲙⲟⲟⲩ ⲉϥⲟⲛϩ ϩⲛⲟⲩϩⲛⲁⲁⲩ | And they shall take for the unclean of the burnt ashes of purification, and they shall pour upon them running water into a vessel. |
| 19:18 | ⲛϥϫⲓ ⲛⲟⲩϩⲩⲥⲟⲡⲟⲛ ⲛϥⲥⲟⲡϥ ϩⲙⲡⲙⲟⲟⲩ ⲛϭⲓⲡⲣⲱⲙⲉ ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲁⲁⲃ ⲛϥϭⲟϣϭⲉϣ ⲉϫⲙⲡⲁⲕⲁⲑⲁⲣⲧⲟⲥ ⲁⲩⲱ ⲉϫⲙⲡⲏⲓ ⲙⲛⲛⲉⲥⲕⲉⲩⲏ ⲙⲛⲛⲉⲯⲩⲭⲏ ⲉⲧϣⲟⲟⲡ ⲙⲙⲁⲩ ⲙⲛⲡⲉⲛⲧⲁϥϫⲱϩ ⲉⲡⲕⲁϩ ⲛⲣⲱⲙⲉ ⲏ ⲡϩⲱⲧⲃ ⲙⲡⲏⲓ ⲛⲧⲁϥⲙⲟⲩ ⲏ ⲡⲉⲙϩⲁⲁⲩ | And a clean man shall take hyssop, and dip it into the water, and sprinkle it upon the house, and the furniture, and all the souls that are therein, and upon him that touched the human bone, or the slain man, or the corpse, or the tomb. |
| 19:19 | ⲛⲧⲉⲡⲕⲁⲑⲁⲣⲟⲥ ϭⲙϭⲟⲙ ⲉϩⲣⲁⲓ ⲉϫⲙⲡⲁⲕⲁⲑⲁⲣⲧⲟⲥ ϩⲙⲡⲙⲉϩϣⲟⲙⲛⲧ ⲛϩⲟⲟⲩ ⲙⲛⲡⲙⲉϩⲥⲁϣϥ ⲛϩⲟⲟⲩ ⲁⲩⲱ ⲉϥⲉϣⲱⲡⲉ ⲉϥⲟⲩⲁⲁⲃ ϩⲙⲡⲙⲉϩⲥⲁϣϥ ⲛϩⲟⲟⲩ ⲁⲩⲱ ⲉϥⲉⲉⲓⲱ ⲛⲛⲉϥϩⲟⲓⲧⲉ ⲛϥϫⲱⲕⲙ ϩⲛⲟⲩⲙⲟⲟⲩ ⲛϥϣⲱⲡⲉ ⲉϥϫⲁϩⲙ ϣⲁⲡⲛⲁⲩ ⲛⲣⲟⲩϩⲉ | And the clean man shall sprinkle the water on the unclean on the third day and on the seventh day, and on the seventh day he shall purify himself; and the other shall wash his garments, and bathe himself in water, and shall be unclean until evening. |
| 19:20 | ⲁⲩⲱ ⲡⲣⲱⲙⲉ ⲉⲧⲛⲁϫⲱϩⲙ ⲛϥⲧⲙⲧⲃⲃⲟϥ ⲉⲩⲉⲃⲉⲧⲧⲉⲯⲩⲭⲏ ⲉⲧⲙⲙⲁⲩ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲛⲧⲙⲏⲧⲉ ⲛⲧⲥⲩⲛⲁⲅⲱⲅⲏ ϫⲉⲛⲉⲧⲟⲩⲁⲁⲃ ⲙⲡϫⲟⲉⲓⲥ ⲁϥⲥⲱⲱϥ ⲙⲙⲟⲟⲩ ϫⲉⲙⲡⲟⲩϭⲟϣϭϣ ⲙⲡⲙⲟⲟⲩ ⲙⲡⲧⲃⲃⲟ ⲉϩⲣⲁⲓ ⲉϫⲱϥ ϥϫⲁϩⲙ | And whatever man shall be defiled and shall not purify himself, that soul shall be cut off from the midst of the congregation, because he has defiled the holy things of the Lord, because the water of sprinkling has not been sprinkled upon him; he is unclean. |
| 19:21 | ⲁⲩⲱ ⲉϥⲉϣⲱⲡⲉ ⲛⲏⲧⲛ ⲛⲟⲩⲛⲟⲙⲓⲙⲟⲛ ϣⲁⲉⲛⲉϩ ⲁⲩⲱ ⲡⲉⲧϭⲟϣϭϣ ⲙⲡⲙⲟⲟⲩ ⲛϭⲟϣϭϣ ⲉϥⲉⲣⲱϩⲉ ⲛⲛⲉϥϩⲟⲓⲧⲉ ⲁⲩⲱ ⲡⲉⲧⲛⲁϫⲱϩ ⲉⲡⲙⲟⲟⲩ ⲙⲡϭⲟϣϭϣ ϥⲛⲁϣⲱⲡⲉ ⲉϥϫⲁϩⲙ ϣⲁⲡⲛⲁⲩ ⲛⲣⲟⲩϩⲉ | And it shall be to you a perpetual statute; and he that sprinkles the water of sprinkling shall wash his garments; and he that touches the water of sprinkling shall be unclean until evening. |
| 19:22 | ⲁⲩⲱ ⲛⲕⲁ ⲛⲓⲙ ⲡⲁⲓ ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲉⲡⲉⲧϫⲁϩⲙ ⲛⲁϫⲱϩ ⲉⲣⲟϥ ⲉϥⲉϣⲱⲡⲉ ⲉϥϫⲁϩⲙ ⲁⲩⲱ ⲧⲉⲯⲩⲭⲏ ⲉⲧⲛⲁϫⲱϩ ⲉⲡⲁⲕⲁⲑⲁⲣⲧⲟⲥ ⲉⲥⲛⲁϣⲱⲡⲉ ⲉⲥϫⲁϩⲙ ϣⲁⲡⲛⲁⲩ ⲛⲣⲟⲩϩⲉ | And whatsoever the unclean man shall touch shall be unclean, and the soul that touches it shall be unclean till evening. |
Provenance
- title
- Numbers 19
- dialect
- sahidic
- source
- Coptic SCRIPTORIUM corpus "sahidic.ot", document 04_Numbers_19
- licence
- CC-BY-SA 4.0
- share
- attribution
- attribution
- Numbers 19 from Coptic SCRIPTORIUM (https://copticscriptorium.org), corpus sahidic.ot, document 04_Numbers_19, version 6.1.0 (2025-06-30), annotations by Frank Feder, So Miyagawa, Elizabeth Platte, Caroline T. Schroeder, Amir Zeldes; source edition Crosswire, CoptOT. Licensed CC BY-SA 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/); this derivative is released under the same licence. CoptOT / Göttingen Digital Edition of the Coptic Old Testament, via Crosswire; English translation Brenton 1851 (ebible.org). Layers L1/L2 are modified: re-spelled (Cairene) / transliterated (Kemetic) by the Kemetic project, Yousef Hanna 2026.
- annotation
- segmentation automatic · tagging automatic · parsing automatic (SCRIPTORIUM meta.json; document version 6.1.0, 2025-06-30)
- file
- Bible/Old Testament/Numbers/19.sahidic.scriptorium.L0.txt
- what it is
- DRAFT English. Not a published translation: `existing` rows quote an aligned translation named in `basis`; `llm` rows are a language-model best guess from the dictionary gloss and context (Yousef asked for them, 2026-09-27; to be corrected later); check the source text before relying on any of it.
- lines
- 22 quoted · 0 quoted with the alignment not cross-checked · 0 model drafts (marked “draft”)
- quoted from
- Brenton's Septuagint (1851) — aligned in Coptic SCRIPTORIUM sahidic.ot, 04_Numbers_19 (22 lines)
L0 witness
English
Cite as:
Numbers 19. Coptic SCRIPTORIUM corpus "sahidic.ot", document 04_Numbers_19. Layers as published by the Kemetic project (Yousef Hanna), 2026: Coptic · Cairene · Kemetic, /doc/bible/old-testament/numbers/19.sahidic.scriptorium/. Numbers 19 from Coptic SCRIPTORIUM (https://copticscriptorium.org), corpus sahidic.ot, document 04_Numbers_19, version 6.1.0 (2025-06-30), annotations by Frank Feder, So Miyagawa, Elizabeth Platte, Caroline T. Schroeder, Amir Zeldes; source edition Crosswire, CoptOT. Licensed CC BY-SA 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/); this derivative is released under the same licence. CoptOT / Göttingen Digital Edition of the Coptic Old Testament, via Crosswire; English translation Brenton 1851 (ebible.org). Layers L1/L2 are modified: re-spelled (Cairene) / transliterated (Kemetic) by the Kemetic project, Yousef Hanna 2026.
What the layers are
L0 witness
The text as its witness or edition has it, original spelling; its dialect is a description and is never standardized.
The text as its witness or edition has it, original spelling; its dialect is a description and is never standardized.
L0.5 transliteration
For Egyptian texts: the transliteration with the editors' marks turned into the symbols ° * < > _ ^ (ruled 2026-09-10). For papyri: the edition's Leiden marks as the same symbols, and the editors' readings beside the scribe's as ‹scribe→editors› (ruled PAP-3).
For Egyptian texts: the transliteration with the editors' marks turned into the symbols ° * < > _ ^ (ruled 2026-09-10). For papyri: the edition's Leiden marks as the same symbols, and the editors' readings beside the scribe's as ‹scribe→editors› (ruled PAP-3).
L1 Cairene
Standardized Greco-Bohairic spelling and grammar, generated by code from the layer above under the rulings of the project.
Standardized Greco-Bohairic spelling and grammar, generated by code from the layer above under the rulings of the project.
L2 Kemetic
The Kemetic alphabet, generated by code from L1.
The Kemetic alphabet, generated by code from L1.
English
Quoted translations where they exist, credited; otherwise model drafts, marked as drafts.
Quoted translations where they exist, credited; otherwise model drafts, marked as drafts.