19_Psalmi_28

Bible/Old Testament · Psalms · bohairic · L0 witness · L1 Cairene · L2 Kemetic · English

Source and licence

share: attributionbohairic

Source: Coptic SCRIPTORIUM corpus "bohairic.ot", document 19_Psalmi_028

Attribution: 19_Psalmi_28 from Coptic SCRIPTORIUM (https://copticscriptorium.org), corpus bohairic.ot, document 19_Psalmi_028, version 6.0.0 (2024-10-31), annotations by Nina Speranskaja, Nicholas Wagner, Amir Zeldes; source edition Marcion, Hany Takla. Licensed CC BY-SA 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/); this derivative is released under the same licence. Marcion project, Hany Takla. Layers L1/L2 are modified: re-spelled (Cairene) / transliterated (Kemetic) by the Kemetic project, Yousef Hanna 2026.

Licence: CC-BY-SA 4.0 (meta.json "CC-BY-SA"; TEI header says CC-BY 4.0 — conflict, stricter kept; LICENCES.md Q-15)

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0

Full provenance and citation

The text

12 lines · a line number is a link to itself

English: quoted translations are shown as they are, with their credit in the provenance; lines marked draft are language-model drafts made for this project (to be corrected), and alignment unchecked marks a quoted verse whose placement was not cross-checked. Check the Coptic before relying on any English line.

refL0 witnessL1 CaireneL2 KemeticEnglish
28:0ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲇⲁⲩⲓⲇ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ ϧⲉⲛⲫ̀ⲙⲱⲓⲧ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉϯⲥⲕⲏⲛⲏⲛ̀ⲧⲉ ⲇⲁⲩⲓⲇ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ ϧⲉⲛ ⲫ̀ⲙⲱⲓⲧ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ ϯⲥ̀ⲕⲩⲛⲏǹte david èvol xen f̀mōit ǹte tis̀kinydraft · highOf David, at the going out of the tent.
28:1ⲁⲛⲓⲟⲩⲓ̀ ⲙ̀ⲡϭⲟⲓⲥ ⲛⲓϣⲏⲣⲓ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲫⲛⲟⲩϯ: ⲁⲛⲓⲟⲩⲓ̀ ⲙ̀ⲡϭⲟⲓⲥ ⲛ̀ϩⲁⲛϣⲏⲣⲓ ⲛ̀ⲱⲓⲗⲓ: ⲁⲛⲓⲟⲩⲓ̀ ⲙ̀ⲡϭⲟⲓⲥ ⲛ̀ⲟⲩⲱⲟⲩ ⲛⲉⲙⲟⲩⲧⲁⲓⲟ .ⲁⲛⲓⲟⲩⲓ̀ ⲛ̀ⲡ̀ϭⲟⲓⲥ ⲛⲓϣⲏⲣⲓ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲫⲛⲟⲩϯ: ⲁⲛⲓⲟⲩⲓ̀ ⲛ̀ⲡ̀ϭⲟⲓⲥ ⲛ̀ϩⲁⲛϣⲏⲣⲓ ⲛ̀ⲱⲓⲗⲓ: ⲁⲛⲓⲟⲩⲓ̀ ⲛ̀ⲡ̀ϭⲟⲓⲥ ⲛ̀ⲟⲩⲱ̀ⲟⲩ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲟⲩⲧⲁⲓⲟ.aniouì ǹp̀ċois niṡyri ǹtefnouti: aniouì ǹp̀ċois ǹhanṡyri ǹōili: aniouì ǹp̀ċois ǹouṑou nem outaio.Bring to the Lord, ye sons of God, bring to the Lord young rams; bring to the Lord glory and honour.
28:2ⲁⲛⲓⲟⲩⲓ̀ ⲙ̀ⲡϭⲟⲓⲥ ⲛ̀ⲟⲩⲱⲟⲩ ⲙ̀ⲡⲉϥⲣⲁⲛ: ⲟⲩⲱϣⲧ ⲙ̀ⲡϭⲟⲓⲥ ϧⲉⲛⲧⲉϥⲁⲩⲗⲏ ⲉⲑⲟⲩⲁⲃ .Ⲁⲛⲓⲟⲩⲓ̀ ⲛ̀ⲡ̀ϭⲟⲓⲥ ⲛ̀ⲟⲩⲱ̀ⲟⲩ ⲛ̀ⲡⲉϥⲣⲁⲛ: ⲟⲩⲱϣⲧ ⲛ̀ⲡ̀ϭⲟⲓⲥ ϧⲉⲛ ⲧⲉϥⲁⲩⲗⲏ ⲉⲑⲟⲩⲁⲃ.Aniouì ǹp̀ċois ǹouṑou ǹpefran: ouōṡt ǹp̀ċois xen tefavly eθouab.Bring to the Lord glory, due to his name; worship the lord in his holy court.
28:3ⲡϧ̀ⲣⲱⲟⲩ ⲙ̀ⲡϭⲟⲓⲥ ϩⲓϫⲉⲛⲛⲓⲙⲱⲟⲩ: ⲫⲛⲟⲩϯ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲡ̀ⲱⲟⲩ ⲁϥⲉⲣϧⲁⲣⲁⲃⲁⲓ: ⲡϭⲟⲓⲥ ϩⲓϫⲉⲛϩⲁⲛⲙⲱⲟⲩ ⲉⲩⲟϣ .Ⲡ̀ϧ̀ⲣⲱⲟⲩ ⲛ̀ⲡ̀ϭⲟⲓⲥ ϩⲓϫⲉⲛⲛⲓⲙⲱⲟⲩ: ⲫ̀ⲛⲟⲩϯ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ ⲡ̀ⲱ̀ⲟⲩ ⲁϥⲉⲣϧⲁⲣⲁⲃⲁⲓ: ⲡ̀ϭⲟⲓⲥ ϩⲓϫⲉⲛ ϩⲁⲛⲙⲱⲟⲩ ⲉⲩⲟϣ.P̀x̀rōou ǹp̀ċois hijennimōou: f̀nouti ǹte p̀ṑou aferxaravai: p̀ċois hijen hanmōou evoṡ.The voice of the Lord is upon the waters: the God of glory has thundered: the Lord is upon many waters.
28:4ⲡϧ̀ⲣⲱⲟⲩ ⲙ̀ⲡϭⲟⲓⲥ ϧⲉⲛⲟⲩϫⲟⲙ: ⲡ̀ϧ̀ⲣⲱⲟⲩ ⲙ̀ⲡϭⲟⲓⲥ ϧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲛⲓϣϯ ⲙ̀ⲙⲉⲧⲥⲁⲓⲉ .Ⲡ̀ϧ̀ⲣⲱⲟⲩ ⲛ̀ⲡ̀ϭⲟⲓⲥ ϧⲉⲛⲟⲩϫⲟⲙ: ⲡ̀ϧ̀ⲣⲱⲟⲩ ⲛ̀ⲡ̀ϭⲟⲓⲥ ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩⲛⲓϣϯ ⲛ̀ⲙⲉⲧⲥⲁⲓⲉ.P̀x̀rōou ǹp̀ċois xenougom: p̀x̀rōou ǹp̀ċois xen ouniṡti ǹmetsaie.The voice of the Lord is mighty; the voice of the Lord is full of majesty.
28:5ⲡϧ̀ⲣⲱⲟⲩ ⲙ̀ⲡϭⲟⲓⲥ ⲉϥⲉ̀ϧⲟⲙϧⲉⲙ ⲙ̀ⲡⲓϣⲉⲛⲥⲓϥⲓ: ⲡϭⲟⲓⲥ ⲛⲁϧⲟⲙϧⲉⲙ ⲙ̀ⲡⲓϣⲉⲛⲥⲓϥⲓ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲡⲓⲗⲓⲃⲁⲛⲟⲥ .Ⲡ̀ϧ̀ⲣⲱⲟⲩ ⲛ̀ⲡ̀ϭⲟⲓⲥ ⲉϥⲉ̀ϧⲟⲙϧⲉⲙ ⲛ̀ⲡⲓϣⲉⲛⲥⲓϥⲓ: ⲡ̀ϭⲟⲓⲥ ⲛⲁϧⲟⲙϧⲉⲙ ⲛ̀ⲡⲓϣⲉⲛⲥⲓϥⲓ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ ⲡⲓⲗⲓⲃⲁⲛⲟⲥ.P̀x̀rōou ǹp̀ċois efèxomxem ǹpiṡensifi: p̀ċois naxomxem ǹpiṡensifi ǹte pilibanos.There is the voice of the Lord who breaks the cedars; the Lord will break the cedars of Libanus.
28:6ⲟⲩⲟϩ ϥ̀ⲛⲁⲑ̀ⲣⲟⲩϣ̀ⲙⲁ ⲙ̀ⲫ̀ⲣⲏϯ ⲙ̀ⲡⲓⲙⲁⲥⲓ ⲛ̀ⲗⲓⲃⲁⲛⲟⲥ: ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲓⲙⲉⲛⲣⲓⲧ ⲙ̀ⲫ̀ⲣⲏϯ ⲛ̀ⲟⲩϣⲏⲣⲓ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉⲛⲁⲡⲓⲧⲁⲡ ⲛ̀ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲞⲩⲟϩ ϥ̀ⲛⲁⲑ̀ⲣⲟⲩϣ̀ⲙⲁ ⲛ̀ⲫ̀ⲣⲏϯ ⲙ̀ⲡⲓⲙⲁⲥⲓ ⲛ̀ⲗⲓⲃⲁⲛⲟⲥ: ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲡⲓⲙⲉⲛⲣⲓⲧ ⲛ̀ⲫ̀ⲣⲏϯ ⲛ̀ⲟⲩϣⲏⲣⲓ ⲛ̀ⲧⲉ ⲛⲁ ⲡⲓⲧⲁⲡ ⲛ̀ⲟⲩⲱⲧOuoh f̀naθ̀rouṡ̀ma ǹf̀ryti m̀pimasi ǹlibanos: ouoh pimenrit ǹf̀ryti ǹouṡyri ǹte na pitap ǹouōtAnd he will beat them small, even Libanus itself, like a calf; and the beloved one is as a young unicorn.
28:7ⲡϧ̀ⲣⲱⲟⲩ ⲙ̀ⲡϭⲟⲓⲥ ⲉϥⲉ̀ϣⲱⲧ ⲛ̀ⲟⲩϣⲁϩ ⲛ̀ⲭ̀ⲣⲱⲙ .ⲡ̀ϧ̀ⲣⲱⲟⲩ ⲛ̀ⲡ̀ϭⲟⲓⲥ ⲉϥⲉ̀ϣⲱⲧ ⲛ̀ⲟⲩϣⲁϩ ⲛ̀ⲭ̀ⲣⲱⲙ.p̀x̀rōou ǹp̀ċois efèṡōt ǹouṡah ǹk̀rōm.There is a voice of the Lord who divides a flame of fire.
28:8ⲡϧ̀ⲣⲱⲟⲩ ⲙ̀ⲡϭⲟⲓⲥ ⲉϥⲉ̀ⲙⲟⲛⲙⲉⲛ ⲙ̀ⲡϣⲁϥⲉ: ⲡϭⲟⲓⲥ ⲛⲁⲕⲓⲙ ⲙ̀ⲡϣⲁϥⲉ ⲛ̀ⲕⲁⲇⲏⲥ .Ⲡ̀ϧ̀ⲣⲱⲟⲩ ⲛ̀ⲡ̀ϭⲟⲓⲥ ⲉϥⲉ̀ⲙⲟⲛⲙⲉⲛ ⲙ̀ⲡϣⲁϥⲉ: ⲡ̀ϭⲟⲓⲥ ⲛⲁⲕⲓⲙ ⲛ̀ⲡ̀ϣⲁϥⲉ ⲛ̀ⲕⲁⲇⲏⲥ.P̀x̀rōou ǹp̀ċois efèmonmen m̀pṡafe: p̀ċois nakim ǹp̀ṡafe ǹkaḋys.A voice of the Lord who shakes the wilderness; the Lord will shake the wilderness of Cades.
28:9ⲡϧ̀ⲣⲱⲟⲩ ⲙ̀ⲡϭⲟⲓⲥ ⲉϥⲉ̀ⲥⲟⲃϯ ⲛ̀ϩⲁⲛⲉⲓⲟⲩⲗ: ⲟⲩⲟϩ ϥ̀ⲛⲁϭⲱⲣⲡ ⲛ̀ϩⲁⲛⲓⲁϩϣ̀ϣⲏⲛ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ .Ⲡ̀ϧ̀ⲣⲱⲟⲩ ⲛ̀ⲡ̀ϭⲟⲓⲥ ⲉϥⲉ̀ⲥⲟⲃϯ ⲛ̀ϩⲁⲛⲉⲓⲟⲩⲗ: ⲟⲩⲟϩ ϥ̀ⲛⲁϭⲱⲣⲡ ⲛ̀ϩⲁⲛⲓⲁϩϣ̀ϣⲏⲛ ⲉ̀ⲃⲟⲗ.P̀x̀rōou ǹp̀ċois efèsovti ǹhaneioul: ouoh f̀naċōrp ǹhaniahṡ̀ṡyn èvol.The voice of the Lord strengthens the hinds, and will uncover the thickets: and in his temple every one speaks of his glory.
28:10ⲟⲩⲟⲛ ⲛⲓⲃⲉⲛ ⲉⲧⲥⲁϫⲓ ⲛ̀ⲟⲩⲱⲟⲩ ϧⲉⲛⲡⲉϥⲉⲣⲫⲉⲓ ⲉⲑⲟⲩⲁⲃ: ⲡϭⲟⲓⲥ ϣⲟⲡ ϧⲉⲛⲡⲓⲕⲁⲧⲁⲕⲗⲩⲥⲙⲟⲥ .Ⲟⲩⲟⲛ ⲛⲓⲃⲉⲛ ⲉⲧⲥⲁϫⲓ ⲛ̀ⲟⲩⲱ̀ⲟⲩ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲉϥⲉⲣⲫⲉⲓ ⲉⲑⲟⲩⲁⲃ: ⲡ̀ϭⲟⲓⲥ ϣⲟⲡ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲓⲕⲁⲧⲁⲕⲗⲩⲥⲙⲟⲥ.Ouon niven etsaji ǹouṑou xen peferfei eθouab: p̀ċois ṡop xen pikataklismos.The Lord will dwell on the waterflood: and the Lord will sit a king for ever.
28:11ϥⲛⲁϩⲉⲙⲥⲓ ⲛ̀ϫⲉⲡϭⲟⲓⲥ ⲉϥⲟⲓ ⲛ̀ⲟⲩⲣⲟ ϣⲁⲉ̀ⲛⲉϩ: ⲡϭⲟⲓⲥ ⲛⲁϯ ⲛ̀ⲟⲩϫⲟⲙ ⲙ̀ⲡⲉϥⲗⲁⲟⲥ: ⲡϭⲟⲓⲥ ⲛⲁⲥ̀ⲙⲟⲩ ⲉ̀ⲡⲉϥⲗⲁⲟⲥ ϧⲉⲛⲟⲩϩⲓⲣⲏⲛⲏ .Ϥ̀ⲛⲁϩⲉⲙⲥⲓ ⲛ̀ϫⲉ ⲡ̀ϭⲟⲓⲥ ⲉϥⲟⲓ ⲛ̀ⲟⲩⲣⲟ ϣⲁⲉ̀ⲛⲉϩ: ⲡ̀ϭⲟⲓⲥ ⲛⲁϯ ⲛ̀ⲟⲩϫⲟⲙ ⲛ̀ⲡⲉϥⲗⲁⲟⲥ: ⲡ̀ϭⲟⲓⲥ ⲛⲁⲥ̀ⲙⲟⲩ ⲉ̀ⲡⲉϥⲗⲁⲟⲥ ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩϩⲓⲣⲏⲛⲏ.F̀nahemsi ǹje p̀ċois efoi ǹouro ṡaèneh: p̀ċois nati ǹougom ǹpeflaos: p̀ċois nas̀mou èpeflaos xen ouhiryny.The Lord will dwell on the waterflood: and the Lord will sit a king for ever. The Lord will give strength to his people; the Lord will bless his people with peace.

Provenance

L0 witness

title
19_Psalmi_28
dialect
bohairic
source
Coptic SCRIPTORIUM corpus "bohairic.ot", document 19_Psalmi_028
licence
CC-BY-SA 4.0 (meta.json "CC-BY-SA"; TEI header says CC-BY 4.0 — conflict, stricter kept; LICENCES.md Q-15)
share
attribution
attribution
19_Psalmi_28 from Coptic SCRIPTORIUM (https://copticscriptorium.org), corpus bohairic.ot, document 19_Psalmi_028, version 6.0.0 (2024-10-31), annotations by Nina Speranskaja, Nicholas Wagner, Amir Zeldes; source edition Marcion, Hany Takla. Licensed CC BY-SA 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/); this derivative is released under the same licence. Marcion project, Hany Takla. Layers L1/L2 are modified: re-spelled (Cairene) / transliterated (Kemetic) by the Kemetic project, Yousef Hanna 2026.
annotation
segmentation ? · tagging automatic · parsing automatic (SCRIPTORIUM meta.json; document version 6.0.0, 2024-10-31)
file
Bible/Old Testament/Psalms/028.bohairic.scriptorium.L0.txt

L1 Cairene

title
19_Psalmi_28 — Cairene
dialect
bohairic
source
generated from 028.bohairic.scriptorium.L0.txt (Coptic SCRIPTORIUM corpus "bohairic.ot", document 19_Psalmi_028)
licence
CC BY-SA 4.0
share
attribution
attribution
19_Psalmi_28 from Coptic SCRIPTORIUM (https://copticscriptorium.org), corpus bohairic.ot, document 19_Psalmi_028, version 6.0.0 (2024-10-31), annotations by Nina Speranskaja, Nicholas Wagner, Amir Zeldes; source edition Marcion, Hany Takla. Licensed CC BY-SA 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/); this derivative is released under the same licence. Marcion project, Hany Takla. Layers L1/L2 are modified: re-spelled (Cairene) / transliterated (Kemetic) by the Kemetic project, Yousef Hanna 2026.
generated by
tools/cairene.py from_witness on the L0 text (L1 = Cairene(N(L0)), RI-038 2026-09-16; RI-029 2026-09-11; DECISIONS.md 2026-09-09: punctuation O-6, jinkim O-3; segmentation-aware jinkim + spelling verdicts from the witness-aligned CoNLL-U segmentation, C3b; 2026-09-09 evening rulings: word division church, "until" base ϣⲁⲧⲉ-, nomina sacra ⲓ̅ⲥ̅/ⲡⲉⲭ︦ⲥ︦/Ⲑⲥ̅/Ⲩⲥ̅ expanded; numerals and abbreviations resolved by the normalization stage)
file
Bible/Old Testament/Psalms/028.bohairic.scriptorium.L1.txt

L2 Kemetic

title
19_Psalmi_28 — Kemetic
dialect
bohairic
source
generated from 028.bohairic.scriptorium.L1.txt
licence
CC BY-SA 4.0
share
attribution
attribution
19_Psalmi_28 from Coptic SCRIPTORIUM (https://copticscriptorium.org), corpus bohairic.ot, document 19_Psalmi_028, version 6.0.0 (2024-10-31), annotations by Nina Speranskaja, Nicholas Wagner, Amir Zeldes; source edition Marcion, Hany Takla. Licensed CC BY-SA 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/); this derivative is released under the same licence. Marcion project, Hany Takla. Layers L1/L2 are modified: re-spelled (Cairene) / transliterated (Kemetic) by the Kemetic project, Yousef Hanna 2026.
generated by
tools/coptic_to_kemetic.py convert() on the L1 text (letter rules of DECISIONS.md 2026-09-08)
file
Bible/Old Testament/Psalms/028.bohairic.scriptorium.L2.txt

English

what it is
DRAFT English. Not a published translation: `existing` rows quote an aligned translation named in `basis`; `llm` rows are a language-model best guess from the dictionary gloss and context (Yousef asked for them, 2026-09-27; to be corrected later); check the source text before relying on any of it.
lines
11 quoted · 0 quoted with the alignment not cross-checked · 1 model drafts (marked “draft”)
quoted from
Brenton's Septuagint (1851), Psalms 28:1 — Coptic SCRIPTORIUM bohairic.ot, 19_Psalmi_028, verse 28:1, re-aligned by content (PSALTER): SCRIPTORIUM attaches its Psalter English by verse number, where its Coptic divides the verses otherwise (translation/psalter_alignment.tsv: aligned · both releases) (1 lines)
quoted from
Brenton's Septuagint (1851), Psalms 28:2 — Coptic SCRIPTORIUM bohairic.ot, 19_Psalmi_028, verse 28:2, re-aligned by content (PSALTER): SCRIPTORIUM attaches its Psalter English by verse number, where its Coptic divides the verses otherwise (translation/psalter_alignment.tsv: aligned · both releases) (1 lines)
quoted from
Brenton's Septuagint (1851), Psalms 28:3 — Coptic SCRIPTORIUM bohairic.ot, 19_Psalmi_028, verse 28:3, re-aligned by content (PSALTER): SCRIPTORIUM attaches its Psalter English by verse number, where its Coptic divides the verses otherwise (translation/psalter_alignment.tsv: aligned · both releases) (1 lines)
quoted from
Brenton's Septuagint (1851), Psalms 28:4 — Coptic SCRIPTORIUM bohairic.ot, 19_Psalmi_028, verse 28:4, re-aligned by content (PSALTER): SCRIPTORIUM attaches its Psalter English by verse number, where its Coptic divides the verses otherwise (translation/psalter_alignment.tsv: aligned · both releases) (1 lines)
quoted from
Brenton's Septuagint (1851), Psalms 28:5 — Coptic SCRIPTORIUM bohairic.ot, 19_Psalmi_028, verse 28:5, re-aligned by content (PSALTER): SCRIPTORIUM attaches its Psalter English by verse number, where its Coptic divides the verses otherwise (translation/psalter_alignment.tsv: aligned · both releases) (1 lines)
quoted from
Brenton's Septuagint (1851), Psalms 28:6 — Coptic SCRIPTORIUM bohairic.ot, 19_Psalmi_028, verse 28:6, re-aligned by content (PSALTER): SCRIPTORIUM attaches its Psalter English by verse number, where its Coptic divides the verses otherwise (translation/psalter_alignment.tsv: aligned · both releases) (1 lines)
quoted from
and 5 further credits

Cite as:

19_Psalmi_28. Coptic SCRIPTORIUM corpus "bohairic.ot", document 19_Psalmi_028. Layers as published by the Kemetic project (Yousef Hanna), 2026: Coptic · Cairene · Kemetic, /doc/bible/old-testament/psalms/028.bohairic.scriptorium/. 19_Psalmi_28 from Coptic SCRIPTORIUM (https://copticscriptorium.org), corpus bohairic.ot, document 19_Psalmi_028, version 6.0.0 (2024-10-31), annotations by Nina Speranskaja, Nicholas Wagner, Amir Zeldes; source edition Marcion, Hany Takla. Licensed CC BY-SA 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/); this derivative is released under the same licence. Marcion project, Hany Takla. Layers L1/L2 are modified: re-spelled (Cairene) / transliterated (Kemetic) by the Kemetic project, Yousef Hanna 2026.

What the layers are

L0 witness
The text as its witness or edition has it, original spelling; its dialect is a description and is never standardized.
L0.5 transliteration
For Egyptian texts: the transliteration with the editors' marks turned into the symbols ° * < > _ ^ (ruled 2026-09-10). For papyri: the edition's Leiden marks as the same symbols, and the editors' readings beside the scribe's as ‹scribe→editors› (ruled PAP-3).
L1 Cairene
Standardized Greco-Bohairic spelling and grammar, generated by code from the layer above under the rulings of the project.
L2 Kemetic
The Kemetic alphabet, generated by code from L1.
English
Quoted translations where they exist, credited; otherwise model drafts, marked as drafts.